L6SIGMA导论1

1©PraxairChinaSixSigmaGroup,Unpublishedproprietaryworkavailableonlyunderlicense.Allrightsreserved©PraxairChinaSixSigmaGroup,Unpublishedproprietaryworkavailableonlyunderlicense.Allrightsreserved1.999LeanSigma2.9993.9994.999©PraxairChinaSixSigmaGroup,Unpublishedproprietaryworkavailableonlyunderlicense.Allrightsreserved1.11.21.3LeanSigmaLeanSixSigma26SIGMA——LeanSixSigma+LSS1.1-----6SIGMA——6SIGMA——3Motorola—SixSigma520%SixSigma14Billion21.3%;19874.2σ19975.6σQualityisourJob,CustomerSatisfactionisourDuty,CustomerLoyaltyisourFuture.---PhilosophyofMotorola+=Success——6SIGMA•Speed—•Simplicity—•Self-confidence—JackWelchJackWelchBossidy1.GE2.3SIGMA70-1003.6SIGMA4GESixSigma200M170M300M600M450M1,000M450M1,300M1996951997199819993,00011,00037,00047,000NoBelt,NoPromotion,NoBonus1.1-----Lean5:1980,,,.JamesPWomack””Lean(),.61.2-----6Sigma2.3.4.1.(6)6SIGMA6SIGMA/7“SIGMA6SIGMA3.46SigmaProcessCapability(Shifted1.5σ,long-term)3.4623356,210466,8073308,5272DPMOSigmaLevel=TaguchiUSLLSLUSLLSLGoalPostMentalityVariationisEvil!TargetTargetLossLossLossLossNoLoss86SIGMA6TheNecessityofTrainingFarmHandsforFirstClassFarmsintheFatherlyHandlingofFarmLiveStockisForemostintheEyesofFarmOwners.SincetheForefathersoftheFarmOwnersTrainedtheFarmHandsforFirstClassFarmsintheFatherlyHandlingofFarmLiveStock,theFarmOwnersFeeltheyshouldcarryonwiththeFamilyTraditionofTrainingFarmHandsofFirstClassFarmersintheFatherlyHandlingofFarmLiveStockBecausetheyBelieveitistheBasisofGoodFundamentalFarmManagement:_________96TheNecessityofTrainingFarmHandsforFirstClassFarmsintheFatherlyHandlingofFarmLiveStockisForemostintheEyesofFarmOwners.SincetheForefathersoftheFarmOwnersTrainedtheFarmHandsforFirstClassFarmsintheFatherlyHandlingofFarmLiveStock,theFarmOwnersFeeltheyshouldcarryonwiththeFamilyTraditionofTrainingFarmHandsofFirstClassFarmersintheFatherlyHandlingofFarmLiveStockBecausetheyBelieveitistheBasisofGoodFundamentalFarmManagement:_________KanoCOPQCOPQCOPQ10COPQ=-………..20~35%ofSalesRevenue4~5%ofSalesRevenueSIGMA6SIGMA5-10%5SIGMA11-15%4SIGMA16-20%3SIGMA21-30%2SIGMA31-40%SIPOC11…WhatYouThinkitis...…WhatitReallyis...…WhatitShouldBe...…WhatitCouldBe...6SIGMA6SIGMA6SIGMA……1.2.6SIGMA6SIGMA?6SIGMA126SIGMAQualityImprovementDefects6SIGMA3SIGMA1SIGMA6SIGMA1.ProjectByProject2.DataDriveSixSigma6SIGMA131.2-----Lean2.3.1.LeanManufacturingValueValueStreamFlowDemandPullBTR-PerfectCorrectionOverproductionConveyanceMotionWaitingInventoryProcessingEliminateWastes14KeyPerformanceIndicatorsDeliveredQualityProductReliabilityOn-TimeDeliveryLeadTimeFlexibilityPriceMaterialCostContainmentLaborCostContainmentProductivityInventoryCostofQualityCapacityCUSTOMER/Manufacturer/FocusonSPEEDandSIMPLIFICATIONPullmaterialsthroughtheprocessBalancedoperationsbasedoncustomerdemandMinimalbuildunlesstiedtocustomerorderExtendtoSupplierBase1.2.3.4.5.LeanManufacturing-KeyCharacteristics-WhatisFlowManufacturing?ADevelopedFlowisLessDisruptiveAtimebasedsystemthatpullsmaterialthroughaproductionsystemwithnointerruptions15„„:Kaizen„5-S„TOC„„„„„„„„TPM„„„„„„„1.3LeanSigma2.3.1.MichaelGeorgechairmanandCEOGeorgeGroupDallas,Texas161.2.1.2.1.2.1.2.3.1.2.CTWIP3.(KAIZEN)1.2.3.4.DMAIC5.LEAN6SIGMA1.2.3.TQM6SIGMALEAN4.LEAN6SIGMA5.6.7.2.,17:—:6SIGMALeanLSS:(96%)(4%)W..(5MIE)1.(SOP)2.(\)3.()1.2.18:1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.:,193.‡WIP(work-in-process):.,‡=WIP/‡/WIP,LSS‡,‡‡(PCE)=/LSS20©PraxairChinaSixSigmaGroup,Unpublishedproprietaryworkavailableonlyunderlicense.AllrightsreservedLeanSixSigma2.12.22.32.1“”?Yx•;•;•;•;•……••••••……=?21SixSigmaY=f(x)LeanSixSigma1.2.SixSigma2.2--DMAICDefineMeasureAnalyzeImproveControlY=f(x)Y=f(x)DmAIC22DAICM•••YX••••DAICM•••DAICM23•••DAICM••••DAICMLeanSixSigmaPOKA-YOKE5STOCTPMLSSSOPJITArenaFMEAQFDDOEANOVAMSASIPOCSPCDOERegressionCOPQSixSigma?24ControlPlanSPCEVOP/PLEXMistake-proofingMulti-factorANOVA2kfactorialDOEFractionalFactorialMulti-Vari.Correction/RegressionHypothesisTestANOVAProcessMapC&EMatrixFEMA,MSAProcessCapabilityMeasureImproveAnalyzeControl3~6CriticalX’s4~8CriticalX’s8~15X’s30~50Inputs©PraxairChinaSixSigmaGroup,Unpublishedproprietaryworkavailableonlyunderlicense.Allrightsreserved3.13.23.3•WTO••25•ISO9000——•6SIGMA•——3SIGMA•——4SIGMA-MarketForces-ChangeAdvocates-Sponsorship-ResistanceBBMBB26SixSigma1SixSigma2SixSigma345/6789101112131415163rd2nd1stSixSigma—•2~3••••••1SixSigma•••••3••••••••••2SixSigma••••••••DFSS•…••DFSS••••••…27ValuesBehaviorAttitudesCultureCycleofRefinementCreateEnergy&ContinuouslyRe-enforceCommitment3.2Lean6SIGMASTEP1:STEP2:LSSSTEP3:LSSSTEP4:STEP5:28STEP1:SixSigmaVisionPriorityPathDefineTeachSupportConsultMeasureMeasureAnalysisImproveControlTOPDOWNSTEP1:6SIGMASTEP2:——•••••••$1_02_06_00229STEP3:——6SIGMA$$3-43-43-44-261-820-33STEP4:6SIGMAMAIC30()(LSS)(LSS)(+)20RMB3.36SIGMA1.2.3.4.5.LSS1.31QC“”322.1.2.3.4.5.6.(+)1.2.3.4.5.6.7.3.2188$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$4.33©PraxairChinaSixSigmaGroup,Unpublishedproprietaryworkavailableonlyunderlicense.Allrightsreserved4.14.24.34.11.2.3.SixSigma34VOEVOSVOC••••••••••1.QualityFunctionDeployment(QFD)KanoA