船舶自动识别系统(AIS)国际规范

TechnicalClarificationofRecommendationITU-RM.1371-1Edition1.215.02.2002IALAAISCommitteeTWG(E1.2:15.02.2002)1TechnicalClarificationsofRecommendationITU-RM.1371-1(Edition1.2)1Introduction1.1ThepurposeofAISistoimprovethemaritimesafetyandefficiencyofnavigation,safetyoflifeatseaandtheprotectionofthemarineenvironment.1.2Ithaslongbeenrealizedthatanautomaticreportingdevicefittedtoashipwouldhavethepotentialtoincreasesignificantlythesafetyofnavigationandwouldallowtheimprovedcontrolandmonitoringofthemaritimeenvironment.Takingupthischallenge,theInternationalMaritimeOrganization(IMO)togetherwiththeInternationalTelecommunicationsUnion(ITU)andtheInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(IEC)developedanewnavigationsystemcalledtheAutomaticIdentificationSystem(AIS).1.3RecommendationITU-RM.1371-1isthedocumentthatdescribesthetechnicalcharateristicsforaUninversalShipborneAutomaticIdentificationSystemusingTimeDivisionMultipleAccessintheVHFMaritimeMobileBand.Aswithanytechnicaldocumentsomeconceptsaresubjecttointerpretation.ThisdocumentpresentsaseriesofclarificationsforsomeoftheseconceptsasagreedbytheIALAAISCommittee.1.4Figure1(attached)illustratestheinter-relationshipofthisdocumenttoIMOSOLASChapterV;theIMOrecommendationonPerformanceStandardsforaUniversalShipborneAutomaticIdentificationSystem(AIS),(MSC.74(69));theIMOGuidelinesofOnboardUseofAIS;theITURecommendationontheTechnicalCharacteristicsforaUniversalShipborneAutomaticIdedntifcationSystem(AIS)usingTimeDivisionMultipleAccessintheMaritimeMobileBand(ITU-RM.1371-1);andtheIECStandard61993-Part2:UniversalShipborneAutomaticIdentificationSystem(AIS)OperationalPerformanceRequirements,Methodsoftestingandrequiredtestresults;theIALAGuidelinesonAutomaticIdentificationSystems(AIS).1.5AsshowninFigure1,eachofthereferenceddocumentsinparagraph1.4includingthisdocumenthasaspecificfocusinrelationtoanoverallAISasfollows.Thisdocument,RecommendationonTechnicalClarificationofITU-1371-1,dealsspecificallywiththeVHFDataLink(VDL)ofanAIS.ItacknowledgesthefactthatsomeofthespecifictechnicalparagraphsinITU-RM.1371-1mightTechnicalClarificationofRecommendationITU-RM.1371-1Edition1.215.02.2002IALAAISCommitteeTWG(E1.2:15.02.2002)2requireinterpretationsastotheirprecise,intendedmeaning.Consequently,thisdocumentpresentsasetofunifyingrecommendationsthatwill,hopefully,resultinastandardizedapplicationoftheseparagraphsbypotentialmanufacturers,systemintegratorsaswellasusersofthesystems.AdherencetotheserecommendationswillensuretheviabilityoftheVDLandtheinteroperabilityamongAISunitsobtainedfromdifferentsources.1.6However,thisdocument,whosespecificfocusisshownbytheoutlineinFigure1,alsocoverssomeotherspecific,technicaldetailsofvariouspossibleAISstationordeviceconfigurationsthatareonlymentionedingeneraltermsinITU-RM.1371.Thesespecificdetailsarepresentedinsection2ofthisRecommendationinthetablesentitledMappingofM.1371-1tothefunctionalrequirementsofdifferentkindsofAISdevices.TheAISdevices/stationscoveredbythismappingprocessare:-classAshipbornemobilestations,-classBshipbornemobilestations,-SARaircraftmobilestations,-AidstoNavigationstations,BaseStations,-BaseStations,-SimplexRepeaterStations,and-DuplexRepeaterStations.MappingtheoverallrequirementsofITU-R1371tothesespecificallyidentifiedAISdeviceswillenablemanufacturers,systemintegratorsandusersaliketoobtainacomprehensiveunderstandingoftheirsimilaritiesandimportantdifferencesandlimitationsthusensuringtheirmosteffectiveandapplicableuse.1.6Thescopeoftheotherdocuments,referredtoinpara.1.4canbederivedfromthespecificborderlinesasshownintheFigure1.1.7Alloftheidentifieddocumentshaveaspecificfocusandaddressspecificuserneeds.Nevertheless,IALAalsorecognizedthatthereisaneedforahighleveldocumentthatconsolidatesalloftechnicalandoperationalaspectsofthesub-systemsdescribedinFigure1.Consequently,IALAisatthistimealsodraftingageneralIALAGuidelineonAISwhichwillincorporatealloftheelementsinFigure1inadescriptivemanner.TechnicalClarificationofRecommendationITU-RM.1371-1Edition1.215.02.2002IALAAISCommitteeTWG(E1.2:15.02.2002)3TechnicalClarificationofRecommendationITU-RM.1371-1Edition1.215.02.2002IALAAISCommitteeTWG(E1.2:15.02.2002)42TechnicalClarificationsofITU-RM.1371-1ImportantGeneralRemarkEveryclarificationofthisChapterispresentedinauniformway:§EveryclarificationisintroducedintheappropriatecontextofRecommendationITU-RM.1371-1,whichisalwaysquotedasawholesection.Thisisdonetoensure,thatallclarificationsaretobeunderstoodintheirappropriatecontext.§TheverbatimtextofRecommendationITU-RM.1371-1isgiveninitalics;additionsbytheclarificationaregivenuprightandunderlinedasofpreviousclarificationeditionsanduprightanddoubleunderlinedinthepresenteditiondeletedtextportionsareidentifiedwithstrike-out.asofpreviousclarificationeditionsanddoublestrikeoutinthepresentedition.§Foreveryclarificationarationaleisgiventoallowcompleteunderstandingastowhyaclarificationwasneededalsointhefuture(untiltheclarificationseventuallywillbeincorporatedintoafuturerevisionofRecommendationITU-RM.1371-1).§Adateofwhentheclarificationwasdraftedisgiv