连词和并列句conjunctionsandcoordinatingsentences一并列连词01并列030204转折选择因果01并列关系Thegirlrunstotheboy.Thegirlrunstotheboyandgiveshimahug.Thegirlgivestheboyahug.Describethegirl’sactioninthisGifGostraighton,andyou’llseethelibrary.Excuseme.Couldyoutellmewhereisthehospital?==Ifyougostraighton,you’llseethelibrary.连词和连词短语用法示例and“和”①表示并列关系,即动作的先后、因果、递进等关系。Sheputonherhat,openedthedoorandwentout.她戴上帽子,打开门就出去了。②祈使句后连接and+主句,相当于ifyou...,you'll...Gostraighton,andyou'llseethelibrary.=Ifyougostraighton,youwillseethelibrary.一直往前走,你就会看到图书馆。并列关系——and她戴上帽子,打开门就出去了。她找不到妈妈,于是哭了起来。一直往前走,你就会看到图书馆。Sheputonherhat,openedthedoorandwentout.Shecouldn'tfindhermotherandbegantocry.Gostraighton,andyou'llseethelibrary.Thegirlisadoctor.Theboyisadoctor.Boththeboyandthegirlaredoctors.连词和连词短语用法示例both...and...“两者都……”表示并列关系,连接名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。BothJimandKatearefromEngland.吉姆和凯特都来自英国。Bothmyfatherandmymotheraren'tdoctors.我的父亲和母亲都不是医生。并列关系——and翻译下列句子BothNewYorkandLondonhavetrafficproblems.纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。Ididallthisbothforyouandformyself.我我做这一切是为了你,也为我自己。BothsheandSophiawerepleasedwiththegirl.她和索菲娅都喜欢这个姑娘。CaiXukunissinging.CaiXukunisdancing.CaiXukuncansinganddance.CaiXukuncannotonlysingbutalsodance.连词和连词短语用法示例notonly...butalso...“不仅……而且……”表示并列关系,当连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词要根据butalso后的名词或代词决定单、复数。Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudentswereagainsttheplan.不仅那位老师,而且学生们也反对该项计划。Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwasagainsttheplan.不仅学生们,而且那位老师也反对该项计划。并列关系——andNotonlyyoubutalsohelikesfootball.不仅你而且他也喜欢足球他不仅是一位作家,而且是一位演员。Heisnotonlyawriterbutalsoanactor。Heplaysnotonlythepianobutalsotheviolin.他不仅弹钢琴,而且拉提琴。不但吉姆而且他的两个妹妹也是医生。NotonlyJimbutalsohistwosistersaredoctors.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwasagainsttheplan.不仅那位老师,而且学生们也反对该项计划。不仅学生们,而且那位老师也反对该项计划。Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudentswereagainsttheplan.Theteacheraswellasstudentswasagainsttheplan.Studentsaswellastheteacherwereagainsttheplan.连词和连词短语用法示例aswellas“也,还”②连接并列主语时,谓语动词根据aswellas前面的词来定Yourwifeaswellasyouisfriendlytome.(=Notonlyyoubutalsoyourwifeisfriendlytome.)不仅你而且你的妻子也对我很友好。①表示并列关系,通常不位于句首。它强调的是前一项,后一项只是顺便提及。Ihavereadoneofhisnovelsaswellasafewofhisplays.我读过他的一本小说和几个剧本。Notonlyyoubutalsohelikesfootball.不仅你而且他也喜欢足球他不仅是一位作家,而且是一位演员。Heisnotonlyawriterbutalsoanactor。Heplaysnotonlythepianobutalsotheviolin.他不仅弹钢琴,而且拉提琴。不但吉姆而且他的两个妹妹也是医生。NotonlyJimbutalsohistwosistersaredoctors.Ihavenotseenthisteleplay.Lucyhasnotseenthisteleplay.NeitherLucynorIhaveseenthisteleplayNeitherInorLucyhasseenthisteleplay连词和连词短语用法示例neither...nor...“既不……也不……”表示并列关系,否定含义。连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致Shelikesneitherbutternorcheese.她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。NeitherJacknorIhaveseenthisfilm.杰克和我都没有看过这部电影吉姆和他两个妹妹都不是医生。他既不喜欢足球也不喜欢篮球。NeitherJimnorhistwosistersarenotdoctors.Helikesneitherfootballnorbasketball.我既不喜欢也不关心足球比赛。Ineitherlikenorcarefootballgame.翻译下列句子表示并列关系,谓语动词的单复数:andbothAandB,AaswellasBnotonlyAbutalsoBneitherAnorB复数B谓语动词最近的一个主语A02转折关系ImissedyoubutImissingyou明明已经错过你,但是我却还在想念你ImissingyoubutImissedyou明明还在想念你,但是我却错过了你IseeyoubutIseeingyou明明已经别离,却有再次相见IseeingyoubutIseeyou当我们再次相见时却不得不说再见I'mverybusytodaybutIwillbefreetomorrow.我今天很忙但是明天空闲。表示转折关系notAbutB做主语时,谓语动词根据B来决定Nothebutwethewinners.Notyoubutheplayingthegame.areisYetthehousewascheerful.表示转折关系,可用在句首Idon'tknowhim,yetIcangethishelp.Althoughit'sraining,yetwedon'twanttostop.前句有although时,后句不能出现but,可出现yet这件事听起来虽然奇怪,然而却是真的。Mysisterlikesdancing,whileIwouldrathersing.while表示转折关系,两者有强烈的对比表示转折关系:but,yet,whilenotAbutB,谓语动词由B决定。yet可用与句首,前句有although,后句只能用yetWhile表示两者有强烈的对比03选择关系Or用在祈使句后表示如果﹍否则﹍选择关系:or,either﹍or﹍Ifyourwifeandyourmotherfallintotheriveratthesametime,whowillyousavefirst,yourwifeoryourmother?老婆妈妈Ican’tswim.Savemefirst,orI’lldie.Ialsocan’tswim.Savemefirst,oryou’llloseyourmother.Or表选择Ican’tswim.Ifyoudonotsavemefirst,I’lldie.Ialsocan’tswim.Ifyoudonotsavemefirst,youwillloseyourotherEitheryourwifeoryourmotherisgoingtofallintorivertomorrow.Whodoyouwanttofallintoriver?①一般表示选择关系,在否定句中可表示并列。or②AorB做主语时,谓语动词根据B来定。③祈使句后连接or,表“如果……否则……”either...or...要么……要么……表示选择关系,两者之一。连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与就近的主语在人称和数上保持一致Shecan'treadorwrite.HeorIamgoingtogoshopping.Hurryup,oryou'llbelate.Whenthegirlishappy,sheeithersingsordances.EitheryouorIamgoingtheretomorrow.她不会读书和写字。他或者我会去购物。快点,否则你会迟到的。那个女孩高兴时,不是唱就是跳。明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。04因果关系原因for“因为”,表示因果关系,补充说明理由,不能置于句首Thedayswereshort,foritwasnowDecember.白天很短,因为现在已经是十二月。so“因此,所以”表示因果关系,强调结果前面because,后面不能出现so。Hegotuplate,sohedidn'tcatchthebus.Becausehegotuplate,hedidn'tcatchthebus.Conclusion并列关系and,bothAandBnotonlyAbutalsoBAaswellasBneitherAnorBbutnotAbutB,yet,whilefor,sooreitherAorB转折关系因果关系选择关系名词性从句状语从句从属连词0102连词(conjunction)简单句(simplesentence)简单句(simplesentence)从属连词subordinatingconjunctions从属连词(Subordinatingconjunction)是用来引导从句的连词。由从属连词所引导的句子叫作从句,而含有从句的句子叫作复合句。主(n)谓(v)宾(n)定(adj.)状(adv.)补表(n)同(n)主谓宾定状补表同01名词性从句名词性从句本质三种句子充当四种成分陈述句WangZulanisshorterthanhiswife.一般疑问句IsWangZulanshorterthanhiswife?特殊疑问句WhyisWangZulanshorterthanhiswife?主(n)宾(n)表(n)同(n)我知道王祖蓝比他妻子矮。Iknow(that)WangZulanisshorterthanhiswife.王祖蓝比他妻子矮WangZulanisshorterthanhiswife.1.1一般疑问句句充当宾语王祖蓝比他妻子矮是真的。WangZulanisshorterthanhiswifeistrue.ThatWangZulanisshort