高考英语知识点总结精华版(史上最全)

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2017届高考英语知识点总结精华版(史上最全)1.agreat/goodmany:alargenumberof许多。修饰可数名词复数。I’mquitebusy.Ihaveagreatmanythingstodo.我很忙,我有很多事要做。若复数名词前有限定词或其修饰的为代词时,应加of.①Agreatmanyofthebookshavebeensoldout.已经卖了很多书了。②Agreatmanyofthemareoutofwork.他们很多人失业了。2.able(可以的,有能力的,可能的)①Heisanableman.那人本事不小。enable(v)使……能②Wemustlearnmoretoenableustofaceallthedifficulties.我们要多学知识以便能面对各种困难。disable:有残疾的,不能干的;thedisabled表示一类人(残疾人)able作词辍时①可以……的,值得……的(有被动含义)eatable可食用的,measurable可以测量、估计的;readable可读的②其他含义:conformable舒适的、安逸的;suitable合适的,恰当的3.above,over,on三个词都可以表示“在……上“,但用法不同。On表示与某物体表面接触;over表示在某物体垂直的上方,含“布满、覆盖、跨越”之意,与under相对;above表示位置高于,但不一定垂直,与below相对。注意:与数字、数量、长度词连用时,多用over,同morethan。如:over10,000people一万多人;表示年龄、刻度多用above,如amanabovefifty五十开外的人;abovezero零度以上。习惯用语:wellaboveaverage远在一般以上;abovesea-level海拔以上;theoneabove上面的一个;aboveall首先,尤其重要的是;overthere那边;allover遍及;overagain再一遍;overandover再三地[应用]介词填空①Therelayanumbrella_______thetableandsomeraincoats_____it.②Themotherheldanumbrella______theboy’sheadsothatthesunwouldn’tburnhim.③Thereseemedtobeawarandmanyplaneswereflying____thecity.④Themoonwas______thetreesintheeast.Key:①on,under②over③over④aboveaboveall首先,特别是,最重要的是afterall到底,毕竟atall(用来加强语气)与not连用,表示“一点也不,完全不”。inall总共allbut几乎,差点没(=almost,nearly)①Wehaveallbutfinishedthework.②Thedayturnedoutfineafterall.③Childrenneedmanythings,butabovealltheyneedlove.④Hewasn’tatalltired.⑤Doyoufeelillatall(真的,确实)?⑥Thereweretwentyinallattheparty.accident/event/incidentevent一般指重大事件。accident多指意外或偶然发生的事故,特别是不幸的、有损害性的事故。incident相对于accident来说,显得不很重要,指“小事件”,它还可以用来表示“事变”,如叛乱、爆炸等。如:Thebroadcasterisbroadcastingthenewsoncurrentevents.广播员正在播报时事新闻。Hewasbadlyinjuredinthetrafficaccident.在那起交通事故中,他严重受伤。Therewasanincidentonthebus:amanfoughtwiththeconductor.那辆公共汽车上发生了一件事,有个人和售票员打了起来。HaveyouheardofXi’anIncident?你听说过“西安事变”吗?admitvt.①接纳,许可……进入(allowsb./sth.toenter)Hewasadmittedtotheschoolthisyear.Onlytwohundredboysandgirlsareadmittedtoourschooleveryyear.②承认,后可接名词,doing、从句或复合结构。Iadmitmyfault.Sheadmittedhavingreadtheletter.Headmittedthathiscomprehensionwasweak.Youmustadmitthetasktobedifficult.advice建议;劝告。是不可数名词,“一条建议”应用apieceofadvice。常用结构。givesb.advice(on)/giveadvice给某人提(关于……的)建议;忠告某人。ask(sb.)foradvice征求(某人的)意见。①Marxgaveussomegoodadviceonhowtolearnaforeignlanguage.关于如何学好外语,马克思给我们提了些好建议。②Ifyoutake/followmyadvice,you’llpasstheexam.如果你听从我的建议,你会考试及格的。③Let’saskourteacherforsomeadvice.咱们征求一下老师的意见吧。admire(=respect/praise)vt.羡慕,钦佩,夸奖admiresb.(forsth.)佩服某人某事VisitorstoBeijinggreatlyadmireourPalaceMuseum.去北京的游人极其羡慕我们的故宫。Iadmirehimforhiswisdom.我佩服他的智慧。别忘了夸奖孩子。对比:envy(=jealous)vt.嫉妨,羡慕envysb.(sth.)嫉妒/羡慕某人某事Weallenvyyouyourgoodfuture.我们都很羡慕你的好运。advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事(suggest不这样用)。①Iadviseyoutotakethechance.我建议你抓住机会。②—Whatdoyouadvisemetodo?你建议我怎么办?—Iadviseyounottoloseheart;justkeepon.我劝你不要灰心,继续干。advise还可同suggest一样,后接名词、代词、动名词(短语)和that从句(用虚拟语气)作宾语。①—Whatwouldyouadvise?你有什么建议吗?—Iadviseyouanearlystart我建议你早点出发。②Iadviseholdingamettingtodiscusstheproblem.我建议召开一次会议来讨论这个问题。③Iadviseyou(should)gotoonce.我建议你马上去。advise,persuadepersuadesb.todosth.意为“说服某人做某事”,强调劝说成功,说服;advisesb.todosth.意为“劝说某人做某事”,不涉及劝说是否有效,相当于trytopersuadesb.todosth.。如:Thedoctorpersuadedmyfathertogiveupsmoking.医生说服我爸爸戒了烟。Thedoctoradvisedmyfathertogiveupsmoking,butfailed.医生劝我爸爸戒烟,但没成功。advise;suggestadvise与suggest都可作“建议”讲,二者用法有同有异。(1)相同点表示建议做某事,advise与suggest都可采用下列三种句型:①+名词②+动名词③+that从句(从句中常用should加动词原形,should可以省略。)eg.Headvised/suggestedanearlystart.Headvised/suggested(our)startingearly.Headvised/suggestedthatwe(should)startearly.(注:只要是用从句表示建议该做的事,从句中就可用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。)上面的第三句可转化为:Itwassuggestedthatwe(should)startearly.Whathesuggestedwasthatwe(should)startearly.Hissuggestionwasthatwe(should)startearly.(2)不同点①advise后可以跟人称代词作宾语,而suggest后不可以跟人称代词作宾语。故可以说:advisesb.todosth.;advisesb.against(doing)sth.;advisesb.on/aboutsth.;suggest(tosb.)that...前三种结构中不可将advise改为suggest,如:他建议我们去参观博物馆。[正]Headvisedustogotovisitthemuseum.[误]Hesuggestedustogotovisitthemuseum.[误]Hesuggestedusthatwegotovisitthemuseum.②suggest还有“暗示、表明、说、指出(一个事实)”的意思。此时从句中用陈述语气,不用虚拟语气。如:Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewaspleased.Havingexaminedcarefully,thedoctorsuggestedthatthepatientwasseriouslyill.(句中suggest陈述了一个事实,故用陈述语气。)比较:Havingexaminedcarefully,thedoctorsuggestedthatthePatientbeoperatedonatonce.(句中suggest表示建议该做某事,从句中用should加动词原形,should在从句中省略。)affect(=haveaneffectonsth.)vt.影响(effectn.影响)Thismayaffectyourhealth.这或许会影响你的健康。Mythroatisalwaysaffectedbybadweather.我的嗓子总是受恶劣天气的影响。afraid1)“beafraidof+名词”,意为“害怕”。2)“beafraidofdoingsth”意为“担心,害怕……”。3)“beafraidfor…”意为“为……担心。”4)“beafraidthat…”意为“担心,恐怕”。5)“beafraidtodo”意为“害怕,担心而不敢做某事”。6)I’mafraidso/not.恐怕是这样/恐怕不会这样[应用]完成句子①女孩子一般都怕蛇。Girlsareusually___________snakes.②他怕把杯子打碎,因而很小心。Hewascarefulbecausehewasafraid___________theglass.③你不为自己的安全担心吗?Areyouafraid_______yoursafety?④恐怕她会迷路。Iam__________shewillloseherway.⑤汤姆把钱丢了,也不敢告诉他母亲。Tomlostthemoneyandwasafraid______________hismother.Key:①afraid,of②of,breaking③for④afraid,that⑤totellagainandagain=timeandtimeagain=overandover=overandoveragain再三地Theoldmanthinksofhishappypastagainandagain.这位老人再三地想起他幸福的过去。age(1)n.年龄,时代,时期Theol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