基数词和序数词基数词序数词0zero1onefirst/1st第一2twosecond/2nd第二3threethird/3rd第三4fourfourth/4th第四5fivefifth/5th第五6sixsixth/6th第六7sevenseventh/7th第七8eighteighth/8th第八9nineninth/9th第九10tententh/10th第十11eleveneleventh/11th第十一12twelvetwelfth/12th第十二13thirteenthirteenth/13th第十三14fourteenfourteenth/14th第十四15fifteenfifteenth/15th第十五16sixteensixteenth/16th第十六17seventeenseventeenth/17th第十七18eighteeneighteenth/18th第十八19nineteennineteenth/19th第十九20twentytwentieth/20th第二十21Twenty-onetwenty-first/21st第二十一22Twenty-twotwenty-second/22nd第二十二23Twenty-threetwenty-third/23rd第二十三30thirtythirtieth/30th第三十40fortyfortieth/40th第四十50fiftyfiftieth/50th第五十60sixtysixtieth/60th第六十70seventyseventieth/70th第七十80eightyeightieth/80th第八十90ninetyninetieth/90th第九十100hundredhundredth/100th第一百基数词变序数词变化规则基变序,有规律,词尾—th加上去;1,2,3,特殊记;词尾字母t,d,d(first,second,third)8少t,9减e;(eight---eighthnine—ninth)ve要用f替;(five---fifthtwelve---twelfth)见y变成i和e,再加th莫忘记;(twenty--twentieth)若要遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。(forty–four-----forty–fouth)介词:1、介词的主要用法:介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,如:outof(从…中出来),awayfrom(距离…),nextto(在…隔壁),infrontof(在…前方)等。2、介词的分类表:(见下表)地点(位置、范围)介词:after在…后面,at在…处,before在...前,behind在...后,beside在...旁边,between在...之间,from来自...,in在...里面,near靠近...,on在...上面,outside在....外面,under在...下方,infrontof在...前,inthemiddleof在...的中间,atthebackof在...的后部,等等。方向(目标趋向)介词:along沿着...,around绕着...,at朝着...,down向…下,for向...,from从/离...,in进入...,into进入...,near接近...,off脱离/除...,outof向...外,outside向....外,to向/朝...,up向...上,awayfrom远离...时间介词:about大约...,after在…以后,at在…(时刻),before在…以前,for有…(之久),from从…(时)起,in在(上/下午);on在(某日),past过了…(时),to到(下一时刻),方式介词:as作为/当作...,by用/由/乘坐/被...,in用…(语言),like与…一样,on骑(车)/徒(步),with用(材料),用(手/脚/耳/眼),涉及介词:about关于...,in在…(方面),of…的,有关...,to对…而言,with就…而言其它介词:【目的介词】for为了...,to为了…【比较介词】as与…一样,like象…一样,than比...,to与…相比少,【伴随/状态介词】at在(上班/休息/上学/家,etc.),in穿着…(衣服/颜色),on在(值日),with与…一起,有/带着/长着...3、介词短语的句法作用:介词短语相当于一个形容词或副词,可用作状语、定语和表语。如:Themancamedownthestairs.(状)(那个人走下楼来)/Thewomanwithafloweronherheadisfromthecountryside.(定)(头上戴花的妇女来自乡下)/Theteacherisnowwiththestudents.(表)(老师现在和学生在一起)4、介词短语在句子中的位置:介词短语做状语时,如果表示时间/地点,可以放在句首或句尾,如果表示方向/方式/伴随/涉及/原因/目的/比较,一般放在句尾;介词短语作表语时放在连系动词之后;介词短语作定语时,只能放在被修饰的名词之后。如:HewantedtofindagoodjobinShanghaithenextyear.(状语)(他想来年在上海找份好工作)/Theysearchedtheroomforthethief.(他们在房间里搜索小偷)/Thelettersareforyou.(表语)(信是给你的)/Haveyouseenacatwithablackheadandfourwhitelegs?(定语)(你看见一只黑头白腿的猫了吗?)5、重要注释:⑴this/that/these/those/last/next/a/every/each等词构成的时间短语,前面不用任何介词。如:EveryyeartravellersfromabroadcometovisitPingyao.(每年都有国外的游客来游览平窑镇)/Hehadabadcoldthatweek.(那个星期他患重感冒)⑵记住一些固定词组:onfoot(步行),atnight(在晚上),playwith(玩耍……),lookoutof(朝…外面看),withone’shelp(在…的帮助下),lookafter(照料…),lookfor(寻找…),onabike(=bybike)骑车,helpsb.with(帮某人做…)等等。6、某些介词的用法辨析:⑴时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区别:表示时间时,in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后),on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等,at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间;表示地点时,in表示在某个范围之内,on表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触,at则表示在某个具体的场所或地点。如:HewasbornonthemorningofMay10th.(他出生于五月十日的早晨)/Iusuallygetupat7:00inthemorning.(我通常在早上的七点钟起床)/Hisglassesarerightonhisnose.(他的眼镜就架在他的鼻子上)/Heisatthecinemaatthemoment.(此刻他正在电影院)⑵after与in表示时间的用法区别:“after+(具体时刻/从句)”表示“在…时刻之后”常用于一般时态;“in+(一段时间)”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于将来时态。如:Hesaidthathewouldbehereafter6:00.(他说他六点钟之后会来这儿)/MyfatheriscomingbackfromEnglandinaboutamonth.(我父亲大约一个月以后从英国回来)⑶by、in与with表示方式的用法区别:都可以表示“工具、手段”,但是by主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以……方式”,in表示“使用”某种语言/文字,with表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段。如:Weseewithoureyesandwalkwithourfeet.(我们用眼睛看东西,用双脚走路)/Pleasewritethatarticle(文章)inEnglish.(请你用英语写那篇文章)/Let’sgotothezoobytaxi.(我们打的去动物园吧。)/ItwaswrittenbyLaoShe.(那是老舍写的)⑸infrontof与inthefrontof:infrontof“在…的前面”,与inthefrontof“在…的前部”。如:Acarwasparkinginfrontofthehall.(大厅跟前停着一辆汽车)/Inthefrontofthehallstoodabigdesk.(大厅前部立着一个大讲台)用适当的介词填空:1.Tomistheboy_______glasses.2.Pleasereadsomebooks________Chinesemedicine.3.Sheworksinthedayandhasarest______night.4.Myuncleworks_______afarm.5.MrBlackandYangLingaretalking_________aparty.6.Shewants_____buyasweater______herdaughter.7.It’samap____China.8.Let’shavealook_____thepicture.9.What’sthat_____Chinese?10.I’m_____ClassOne.11.Thereisaclock______thewall______theclassroom.12.Canyouseeanapple_______thetree?No,ButIcanseeabird_______thetree.13.Thereisapurse______here.14.Thereisaboat______thelake.15.Therearemanykites____thesky.16.Whatclothesisshewearing?Sheis_______red.17.Canyouseetheboy_______thebike?18.Thewoman______ayellowdressismymother.19.Whocanyousee______thepicture?20.Who’stheman__________yourmotherandfather?21.GaoShangetsup______6:00_______themorning.22.Wedon’thaveclasses_______Sundaymorning.23.Whatdoyouoftendo______Saturday?24.Canyouhelpme______mymaths?25.What’swrong______you?26.Who’s_____duty?27.It’stime_____supper.28.Shecan’tfindtheway.Sosheasksthepoliceman_____help.29.Aman______Shanghaigoestothepark_______hisdaughter.30.Yoursocksare_____thedesk.Putthemaway.Youmustlook_______yourthings.31.Mysisterisdrawingapicture________crayons.32.I’mthirsty.What_____you?33.Whatwouldyoulike_______breakfast?34.HeisAmerican.Heis_______theUSA.35.Heis_______home.Heisn’t______school.36.Thelunch______ourschoolisgood.3