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上海交通大学硕士学位论文基于IEC61511的LNG船液货安全系统设计姓名：陈苏声申请学位级别：硕士专业：控制理论与控制工程指导教师：杜秀华200902011IEC61511LNGLNGLNGCarrierLiquefiedNaturalGas,LNGLNG-163LNGLNGLNGLNG1600LNGLNGLNGLNGLNGLNGIEC61511LNGIEC61511IEC61511SafetyIntegrityLevel,SILSafetyLifecycle2LNGHAZOPHazardandOperationAnalysisETAEventTreeAnalysisHAZOPHAZOPLNGIEC61511LNG98.7%LNGSIL3LNGLNGIEC61511LNGIEC61511LNGLNGIEC61511SIL3LNGCarrierCargoSafetySystemDesigningBasedonIEC61511ABSTRACTNaturalgas,whichiscleaner,cheaperandmoreefficientthanoilandcoal,isbecomingtheimportantpartofworldenergystructure.NowadaysinChina,therequirementofnaturalgasinthesouth-westcoastalareasislarge.LNGtransportationbyLNGCarriersisanimportantwaytosatisfytherequirement.LNGCarrieristhespecializedshipwhichtransportsLNGin-163.MasteringtheindependencetechnologyandintellectualpropertyofLNGCarrierdesignandconstructionisthesignificantstepofChinaNationalEnergystrategywithgreatmeaning.LNGCarrieristhecriticalcomponentofLNGCarrier.ThehazardcharacterofLNG,suchashyperlowtemperatureandthegasificationrateof1:600,willleadtothehighriskofLNGCarriercargosystem.ItshouldconfigureahighreliablesafetysystemforLNGCarriercargosystemtoavoidtheriskorreducetheconsequenceofrisk.Thus,IdidthefollowingworkforthedesignofLNGCarrierCargoSafetySystem.I.IntroducethecomposingandriskofLNGCarrie.DescribethenecessarityofconfigurationrelatedsafetysystemforLNGCarrierCargoSystem.IllustratetheconceptanddesignmethodofsafetysystemandproposethestandardizationrequirementofLNGCarrierCargoSafety4SystemDesigning.FollowtheFunctionSafetyStandardIEC61511,whichiswidelyusedinprocessindustry,todesignLNGCarrierCargoSafetySystem.II.IntroducethedevelopmentandapplicationofIEC615111,especiallyitstwoimportantconcepts,SafetyIntegrityLevel(SIL)andSafetyLifecycle.ThiswillbethetheoreticalbasisofLNGCarrierCargoSafetySystemDesign.III.Introducetwohazardandriskanalysismethods,HAZOP(HazardandOperationAnalysis)andETA(EventTreeAnalysis)andusethesetwomethodstogether.ApplyHAZOPtoacquirethehazardeventsandtheirriskconsequenceandapplyETAtocalculatetheprobabilityofrisk.Engagethehazardandriskanalysisofthreefactors,thelevelandpressureincargotanks,andtheleakageincargopipes.IV.DesigntheLNGCarrierCargoTankLevelSafetySystemregulatedtoIEC61511.TheSafetyFunctionisthatwhenthelevelincargotankistoohigh(equaltoormorethan98.7%ofthewholevolumeofthecargotank),startthetwocargopumpsinthebottomoftwodischargingpumptowerstodischargeLNG.TheexpectedSafetyIntegrityLevelisSIL3.V.ValidatethedesignedsafetysystembyReliabilityBlockGraph.Proposethreeimprovementschemes,whichareredundancyoffinalelements,redundancyofsensorsandredundancyofbothsensorsandfinalelements.TheSafetySystemwithredundancyofbothsensorsand5finalelementssatisfiesthedesignrequirement.AccordingtotheprocessandresultofLNGCarrierCargoSafetySystemdesigning,theapplicationofIEC61511intheLNGCarrierCargoSafetySystemissuccessful.ThishelpsthereferenceofLNGCarrierCargoSafetySystemandthesimilarsystemdesigningusingIEC61511.Keywords:LNGCarrierCargoSystem,SafetySystem,IEC61511,SIL,SafetyLifecycle.1200922220092220092211.11.1.1LNG[1]25%2.7%[2]2005--LiquefiedNaturalGas,LNG[3]1-1LNGLNGLNGCarrierLNGLNGLNG[4]1-1[4]Fig.1-1SupplyChainofLNGIndustry2LNG163LNGLNGLNGLNG[4]LNGLNG451-2LNG[5]Fig.1-2LNGCarrierofSerphicalTankTypeLNGLNGLNGMKIIINO.96CS1NO.96MKIIIGTTGTTNO.96LNG1-3LNG[5]Fig.1-3LNGCarrierofMembraneTankType1600LNGLNGLNG20058183LNG2-419652005LNG2010LNG[5]20081229PT.MERATUS.LINE15.5TangguhJaya30031-41965-2005LNG2010[5]Fig.1-4LNGfleetdevelopments19652005andforecastuntil2010.LNGLNG21LNG2006LNG35133[4]1.1.2LNG20084(LNG)GTTLNG29243.3526.2514.719.5LNGLNGLNGLNGLNGLNGLNGLNGLNG30LNGLNGGTTLNGGTT9010004GTTLNG20041350LNG20052007LNG5000[6][7]LNGLNGLNGLNGLNGLNG[8]LNG1.2LNGLNGIntegrityAutomationSystem,IASLNGLNG[4]LNGF&GFireandGasSystemESDEmergencyShutDownSystem[4]51.3SafetyInstrumentedSystemSISEmergencyShut-DownSystems,ESDsorESSsSafetyShutdownSystems,SSDsSafetyInterlockSystems,SISs,SafetyCriticalSystems,SCSsSafetyProtectionSystems,SPSsProtectiveInstrumentedSystems,PISs[9]1.3.1[10]PLC[11]DCSDCS6DCS[12][13]2060[14]IEC61508IEC61508IEC61508HIMATRICONEXICSFSCDCSPLC,ROCKWELLICSINVENSYSHONEYWELLTRICONEXFSCSIEMENSSIMATICSAFETYEMERSONDeltaVSISGEABBSCHNEIDER[15][16][17]71.3.2ESDDCS[12]8DCS75ms[18]HumanMachineInterfaceHMI60s99.9%[19]1.4LNG9LNGIEC61511LNGHAZOPHazardandOperationAnalysisETAEventTreeAnalysisLNGIEC61511LNGLNGLNGLNGLNGIEC61511LNGIEC61511SILHAZOPHazardandOperationAnalysisEventTreeAnalysisETALNGIEC61511LNGIEC61511LNG10LNG2.1LNGLNGLNGLNGLNGLNG1600LNGLNGLNG2.1.1LNGLNG(CargoPipes)(CargoTank)(CargoPump)/(Strip/SprayPump)(Vaporizer)(HighDutyCompressor)(LowDutyCompressor)(B.O./W.U.Heater)(ForcingVaporizer)(InertGasGenerator)Loading/DischargingTerminalArm[20]LNG2.1.1.12-1(GasMainPipe)(VaporMainPipe)(LiquidMainPipe)/(Strip/SprayMainPipe)112-1Fig.2-1DiagramofCargoPipe2.1.1.2LNG2-2//122-2Fig.2-2DiagramofCargoPipe///(ForcingVaporizer)LNG13//2.1.1.3LNG[21]2.1.1.42.1.1.5LNGLNG14/2.1.1.685%14%1%-4520-45202.1.1.7LNG54/LNGLNG4152.1.2LNGLNGIASIASLNGLNG[20]DryingLNGInertingGassingup85%14%-70InitialC