材料的搬运储存使用处置的安全注意事项MaterialsHandli

OfficeofTraining&Education1MaterialsHandling,Storage,Use,andDisposalOfficeofTraining&Education2Overview--HandlingandStoringMaterialsInvolvesdiverseoperations:ManualmaterialhandlingCarryingbagsormaterialsUnpackingmaterialsMaterialhandlingviamachineForkliftCraneRiggingStackingorstoringdrums,barrels,kegs,lumber,loosebricksorothermaterialsOfficeofTraining&Education3InjuriesLiftingobjectsisamajorcauseofbackinjuriesintheworkplaceImproperstoringandhandlingofmaterialandequipmentcancausestruckbyandcrushedbyinjuriesOfficeofTraining&Education4HazardsImpropermanualliftingorcarryingloadsthataretoolargeorheavyBeingstruckbymaterialsorbeingcaughtinpinchpointsCrushedbymachines,fallingmaterialsorimproperlystoredmaterialsIncorrectlycuttingtiesorsecuringdevicesOfficeofTraining&Education5ManualHandlingSeekhelp:•Whenaloadistoobulkytoproperlygrasporlift•Whenyoucan’tseearoundorovertheload•Whenyoucan’tsafelyhandletheloadAttachhandlestoloadstoreducethechancesofgettingfingerssmashed.OfficeofTraining&Education6SafeLiftingBreakloadintopartsGethelpwithheavyorbulkyitemsLiftwithlegs,keepbackstraight,donottwistUsehandlingaids-suchassteps,trestles,shoulderpads,handles,andwheelsAvoidliftingaboveshoulderlevelOfficeofTraining&Education7SafeLiftingTrainingWhatshouldbetaught:•Howtoliftsafely•Howtoavoidunnecessaryphysicalstressandstrain•Whatyoucancomfortablyhandlewithoutunduestrain•Properuseofequipment•Recognizingpotentialhazardsandhowtoprevent/correctthemOfficeofTraining&Education8PersonalProtectiveEquipmentForloadswithsharporroughedges,wearglovesorotherhandandforearmprotectionWhenloadsareheavyorbulky,wearsteel-toedsafetyshoestopreventfootinjuriesiftheloadisdroppedOfficeofTraining&Education9MaterialsHandlingEquipmentEmployeesmustbetrainedintheproperuseandlimitationsoftheequipmenttheyoperateThisincludesknowinghowtoeffectivelyuseequipmentsuchasforklifts,cranes,andslingsOfficeofTraining&Education10ForkliftsCentertheloadontheforksandasclosetothemastaspossibletominimizethepotentialforthetrucktippingorloadfallingOverloadingalifttruckmakesithardtocontrolandcouldmakeittipoverPlacetheloadatthelowestpositionfortravelingDon’tplaceextraweightontherearofacounterbalancedforklifttoallowanoverloadOfficeofTraining&Education11OperatingaForkliftSafelyKeeparmsandlegsinsidethetruckHandleonlystableloadsKeepspeedlow-youmayhavetostopBecarefulwhenmakingsharpturnswitharaisedloadIfaloadblocksyourview,travelinreverseNoriders,unlessthere’sanapprovedseatDon’tdrivewithforksraisedWearsafetybeltsorotherrestraintdevicesOfficeofTraining&Education12PoweredIndustrialTruckTraining•Truck-relatedtopics•Workplace-relatedtopics•Standardrequirements•Traineesmustbesupervisedbyacompetentpersonandnotendangerothers•Formalinstruction•Practicaltraining•EvaluationofperformanceOfficeofTraining&Education13DockBoards(Bridgeplates)Dockboardsmusthavehandholds,orothereffectivemeansforsafehandling.OfficeofTraining&Education14EarthmovingEquipmentScrapers,loaders,crawlerorwheeltractors,bulldozers,off-highwaytrucks,graders,tractorsProvideseatbeltsEquipmentwithanobstructedrearviewcan’tbeusedinreverseunlesstheequipmenthasasignalalarmOfficeofTraining&Education15CranesChecktheloadchartinthecabFrequentlyinspectNeverliftpeopleCheckoverheadpowerlinesEnsureareaoftravelisclearOfficeofTraining&Education16RiggingEquipmentSlingsTypesofslingscoveredarethosemadefromalloysteelchain,wirerope,metalmesh,naturalorsyntheticfiberrope,andsyntheticweb.ChainWireropeMetalmeshSyntheticOfficeofTraining&Education17SlingInspectionInspectslings:EachdaybeforeuseWhereserviceconditionswarrantRemovethemfromserviceifdamagedordefectiveOfficeofTraining&Education18RemoveFromServiceImmediatelyremovedamagedordefectiveslingsfromserviceOfficeofTraining&Education19AdaptstoshapeoftheloadCandamagebysuddenshocksBestchoiceforhoistingveryhotmaterialsMusthaveanaffixedtagstatingsize,grade,ratedcapacity,andslingmanufacturerAlloySteelChainsOfficeofTraining&Education20MarkingsAlloySteelChainItmustbemarkedwithgradeormanufacturer'smarkOfficeofTraining&Education21Hooks,rings,oblonglinks,orotherattachments,whenusedwithalloysteelchains,musthavearatedcapacityatleastequaltothatofthechainAlloySteelChainAttachmentsRatedCapacityOfficeofTraining&Education22Joborshophooksandlinks,ormakeshiftfasteners,formedfrombolts,rods,etc.,orothersuchattachments,can’tbeusedUnsuitableAlloySteelChainAttachmentsRightWrongOfficeofTraining&Education23ChainWearWhenachainshowsexcessivewear,oriscrackedorpitted,removeitfromserviceNon-alloyrepairlinkscannotbeusedOfficeofTraining&Education24WireRopeSlingsUsedtohoistmaterialsSelectionconsiderations:strengthabilitytobendwithoutcrackingabilitytowithstandabrasivewearabilitytowithstandabuseWireropeStrandCenterWireCoreOfficeofTraining&Education25WireRopeSlingsEyeSplicesEyesplicesmadeinanywireropemusthaveatleastthreefulltucksOfficeofTraining&Education26CoverorbluntprotrudingendsofstrandsProtrudingEndsOfficeofTraining&Education27WireRopeClipsWhenusingU-boltwireropeclipstoformeyes,ensuretheUsectionisincontactwiththedeadendoftheropeThisisthe