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79ComparativeStudies20507025ChristopherHood,ColinScott,OliverJames,GeorgeJones,andTonyTravers,RegulationInsideGovernment:Waste-Watchers,QualityPolice,andSleaze-Busters(Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress,1999),p.3GiandomenicoMajone,“FromthePositivetotheRegulatoryState.CausesandConsequencesofChangesintheModeofGovernance”,JournalofPublicPolicy,Vol.17,No.2(1997)139-16780ComparativeStudiesR.G.Noll,ed.,RegulatoryPolicyandtheSocialSciences(Berkeley:UniversityofCaliforniaPress,1985);RobertBaldwin,ColinScott,andChristopherHood,eds.,Socio-LegalReaderonRegulation(Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress,1998),p.3DavidVogel,“TheHareandtheTortoiseRevisited”,BritishJournalofPoliticalScience,33(October2003):557-580.2080[GiandomenicoMajone,“TheRiseoftheRegulatoryStateinEurope,”WestEuropeanPolitics,Vol.17(1994):77-101;StevenK.Vogel,FreerMarkets,MoreRules:RegulatoryRefromsinAdvancedIndustrialCountries(Ithaca:CornellUniversityPress,1996);F.McGowanandH.Wallace,“TowardsaEuropeanRegulatoryState”,JournalofEuropeanPublicPolicyVol.3,No.4(1996):560-576;MartinLoughlinandColinScott,“TheRegulatoryState,”inPatrickDunleavy,IanHolliday,AndrewGamble,andGillianPeele,eds.,DevelopmentsinBritishPolitics5(Basingstoke:Macmillan,1997);JohnBraithwaite,“TheNewRegulatoryStateandtheTransformationofCriminology,”BritishJournalofCriminologyVol.40(2000):222-238;MichaelMoran,“FromCommandStatetoRegulatoryState?”PublicPolicyandAdministrationVol.15,No.4(2000):1-13;MichaelMoran,“ReviewArticle:UnderstandingtheRegulatoryState”,BritishJournalofPoliticalScienceVol.32(2002):391-413;MarkusM.Muller,TheNewRegulatoryStateinGermany(Birmingham:BirminghamUniversityPress2002)][LuigiManzetti,ed.,RegulatoryPolicyinLatinAmerica:Post-PrivatizationRealities(Miami:North-SouthCenterPress,2000);EdmundAmannandWernerBaer,“Fromthedevelopmentaltotheregulatorystate:thetransformationofthegovernment’simpactontheBrazilianeconomy”DepartmentofEconomics,UniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-Champaign,2003][KanishkaJayasuriya,“GlobalizationandtheChangingArchitectureoftheState:ThePoliticsoftheRegulatoryStateandthePoliticsofNegativeCo-ordination”,JournalofEuropeanPublicPolicyVol.8,No.1(2001):101-123],anddevelopingcountriesingeneral[PaulCook,KirkpatrickColin,MartinMinogueandParker,David,eds.,LeadingIssuesinCompetition,RegulationandDevelopment,CRCSeriesonRegulation(Cheltenham:EdwardElgar,2004)]1912198820021513419931996460JacintJordanaandDavidLevi-Faur,eds.,ThePoliticsofRegulation(Cheltenham:EdwardElgar,2003)]2020031559717315675039%18.511900~2003MSHA1900~2002CoalFatalitiesfor1900through200281ComparativeStudies350030002500200015001000500019001910192019301940195019601970198019902000202019771978120032967501404.170.0320905082ComparativeStudies2942003444~5311.6%220060%83ComparativeStudies00.511.522.53220022003510556%3127200270%723470%2531978~2002200326519491950~20038.8%200316.671/3520039.1%584ComparativeStudies100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%1980199019921994199619982000200219992228%20043385ComparativeStudies41978~2002200326551912~20031999223~2412003510100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%198018001600140001912191919261933194019471954196119681975198219891996200320040060080010001200199019921994199619982000200219705%15%8019831980100001991102010198018.3%1995~199650%70%86ComparativeStudies20022002288199119924341984199290%57.519931997387ComparativeStudies6223~241100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%194919521955195819611964196719701973197619791982198519881991199419972000200319972001513.749.9927%200165620242175961949~2003199788ComparativeStudies20032003199430372002581%8%1%3%33%9%43%2%7200119701907~19191231942159419495081949~197885700195989ComparativeStudies2224041989231~23281949~1978406~407/7000600050004000300020001000019491953195719611965196919731977252015051037%19591960509860361966196510001978450031952~19541958~19611966~1970701949196519654.43910202580197921831970199097810161991~1992901992~19931999~20009090ComparativeStudies~2002406~407200320807010910780~90904000~5000103/491ComparativeStudiesKiyoshiHiguchi,“CoalMiningTechnologyofJapan-HistoricalImprovementandInternationalContributionHereafter”9106000500040003000200010000197919811983198519871989199119931995199719992001101979~2003406~40710017210.030.080.290.4651606010119501.2719.909.305.135.1019550.9415.604.312.5619600.8311.724.812.462.0119650.546.751.8519700.474.263.051.081.6419750.263.570.780.7419808.170.171.220.891.3319810.217.001.2692ComparativeStudies18161412108642019791982198519881991199419972000200319820.161.360.991.2819830.091.001.491.2419840.165.990.681.0919850.084.901.2119860.090.931.110.4819870.080.540.540.850.3919886.780.060.640.300.930.3419896.670.070.540.300.840.4119906.100.070.680.280.540.2619915.210.070.240.240.630.3219924.650.060.120.230.690.4519934.780.060.490.251.180.2219945.150.050.280.750.2919955.030.050.150.540.260.1219964.670.040.320.480.250.3719975.100.030.000.600.540.190.1519985.020.030.470.470.190.1519995.300.030.470.450.0020005.860.130.460.2920015.130.000.0820024.640.0320809093ComparativeStudies400101000