1[人教版]新目标英语八年级上册知识要点Unit1Howoftendoyouexercise?重点语法:频率副词询问别人做某事的频繁程度提问用Howoften引导特殊疑问句回答用always,sometimes,twiceaday等频率副词。例句:A:HowoftendoyouwatchTV?(你多长时间看一次电视?)B:IwatchTVeveryday.(我每天都看电视。)A:What'syourfavoriteprogram?(你最喜欢的节目是什么?)B:It'sAnimalWorld.(是《动物世界》。)A:Howoftendoyouwatchit?(你多长时间看一次这个节目?)主要频率副词的等级排序:always(总是)usually(通常)often(经常)sometimes(有时)hardlyever(很少)never(从不)隔一段时间做某事数次用数词+时间间隔的结构构成。如:onceaweek一周一次(“一次”用特殊词once)twiceaday一天两次(“两次”用特殊词twice)threetimesamonth一个月三次(三次或三次以上用基数词+times的结构构成)fourtimesayear一年四次重点短语:howoften多久一次asfor至于;关于howmany多少(针对可数名词)howmuch多少(针对不可数名词)ofcourse=sure当然;确信lookafter=takecareof=carefor照顾;照看alotof=lotsof=plentyof许多;大量everyday每一天everynight每晚hardlyever几乎不begoodfor对……有益begoodforone'shealth有益健康trytodosth.尝试做某事getgoodgrades取得好成绩helpsb.[to]dosth.帮助某人做某事kindof有点want[sb.]todosth.想要(某人)做某事keepingoodhealth保持健康Notwomenthinkalike.人心各异。Unit2What'sthematter?重点语法:询问别人如何感觉2了解人体器官和部位的英文名称了解一些常见病的英文名称告诉别人应该怎样做和不应该怎样做例句:A:What'sthematter?(怎么了?)B:I'mnotfeelingwell.(我感觉不舒服。)Ihaveacold.(我感冒了。)A:Whendiditstart?(什么时候开始的?)B:Abouttwodaysago.(大约两天前开始的。)A:Oh,that'stoobad.(哦,这很糟糕。)Youshouldliedownandrest.(你应该躺下休息。)B:Yes,Ithinkso.(是的,我是这么认为的。)A:Ihopeyoufeelbettersoon.(祝你早日康复。)重点短语:haveacold患感冒shouldn't=shouldnotbestressedout紧张的;有压力的afew有些;几个(针对可数名词)alittle[bit]有些;几个(针对不可数名词)atthemoment此刻;现在What'sthematter?=What'swrong?=What'stheproblem?怎么了?liedownandrest躺下休息seeadoctor看病hopetodosth.希望做某事listento听forexample举个例子begoodfor对……有益it's+adj.+[forsb.]+todosth.做某事(对某人来说)……(加形容词)gettired感到疲倦stayhealthy保持健康givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.把某物给某人needtodosth.需要做某事Unit3Whatareyoudoingforvacation?重点语法:用现在进行时态表示一般将来时态强调某个动作已经计划好即将按照计划去执行例句:A:Whatareyoudoingforvacation,LinHui?(林辉,放假准备干什么呢?)B:I'mgoingtoTibetforaweek.(我要去西藏旅游一周。)A:Thatsoundsinteresting!(这听起来很有趣。)Whatareyoudoingthere?(你去那里准备干些什么事?)B:I'mgoinghikinginthemountains.(我准备上山徒步旅行。)Howaboutyou,Tony?(你呢,托尼?)Whatareyoudoingforvacation?(你放假准备干些什么呢?)A:I'mvisitingmyfriendinHongKong.(我要去拜访我在香港的朋友。)B:Ohyeah?(是吗?)Howlongareyoustaying?(你要去多久啊?)A:Justforfourdays.(只去四天。)Idon'tlikegoingawayfortoolong.(我不想远走太长时间。)B:Well,haveagoodtime!(祝你旅途愉快!)SendmeapostcardfromHongKong!(记得从香港寄一张明信片回来!)A:Sure.Showmeyourphotoswhenwegetbacktoschool.(当然。当我们再回学校的时候,再看看你的照片。)3重点短语:howlong多久getback=comeback回来takeavacation=haveavacation去度假alot=verymuch很;非常begoingtodosth.将要去做某事sound+adj.听起来……(加形容词)soundlike+n.听起来像……(加名词)haveagoodtime=havefun=enjoyoneself玩得愉快showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.把某物给某人看wanttodosth.=wouldliketodosth.想要做某事plantodosth.计划做某事spendsometime[in]doingsth.花时间做某事needtodosth.需要做某事asksb.aboutsth.询问某人某方面的事情goshopping去购物leavefor离开去某地Unit4Howdoyougettoschool?重点语法:询问别人做某事的方式用How引导特殊疑问句其回答有多种方式,其中一种结构是bydoingsth.或bysth.的结构。询问两地的距离用howfar引导特殊疑问句回答用be+(distance)+[away]+from的结构。例句:A:Howdoyougettoschool?(你如何去上学?)B:Itakethesubway.(我乘地铁去上学。)A:Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?(从家到学校多远?)B:It'sthreemiles.(有三英里远。)A:Howlongdoesittakeyoutogetfromhometoschool?(从家到学校需要花多长时间?)B:Ittakes25minutes.(要花25分钟。)重点短语:bybus=takethebus乘公共汽车howfar多远dependon依赖于byboat=taketheboat乘船lookat看bytrain=takethetrain乘火车bybike=rideone'sbike骑车bysubway=takethesubway乘地铁byplane=taketheplane乘飞机onfoot走路getup起床havebreakfast吃早饭leaveforsomewhere离开去某地takesb.tosomewhere带某人去某地halfanhour=thirtyminutes半小时(三十分钟)aroundtheworld=allovertheworld全世界gettoschool到学校4thinkof认为onweekend在周末Unit5Canyoucometomyparty?重点语法:询问并请求某人做某事例句:A:Hey,Dave.(你好,戴夫。)CanyougotothemoviesonSaturday?(周六你能去看电影吗?)B:I'msorry,Ican't.(对不起,我不能去。)Ihavetoomuchhomeworkthisweekend.(这个周末我有太多作业要做。)A:That'stoobad.(这太糟了。)Maybeanothertime.(只好等下一次了。)B:Sure,Joe.(当然,乔。)Thanksforasking.(谢谢你的邀请。)重点短语:thedayaftertomorrow后天thedaybeforeyesterday前天comeover来访studyforatest复习迎考gotothedoctor=seethedoctor看病haveto不得不;必须(强调客观上)must不得不;必须(强调主观上)helpsb.withsth.=helpsb.[to]dosth.帮助某人做某事toomuch+n.太多(针对不可数名词)toomany+n.太多(针对可数名词)muchtoo+adj.太……(加形容词)gotothemovies看电影practicedoingsth.练习做某事thanksfor[doing]sth.为(做)某事而感谢gotothedentist看牙医begoingtodosth.将要做某事(该事已计划好)willdosth.将要做某事(该事尚未计划)keepquiet保持安静Unit6I'mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.重点语法:在两件或多件事物中进行比较使用形容词的比较级和最高级通常形容词的比较级是在形容词后加-er(以e结尾的单词直接加r,闭音节辅音字母结尾双写辅音字母加-er)的结构构成,最高级是在形容词前加the,形容词后加-est(以e结尾的单词直接加st,闭音节辅音字母结尾双写辅音字母加-est)的结构构成。(eg/big→bigger→thebiggest形容词big的原级、比较级和最高级;small→smaller→thesmallest形容词small的原级、比较级和最高级)当一个单词有3个或以上音节时,其比较级是在形容词前加more的结构,其最高级是在形容词前加themost的结构构成。(eg/expensive→moreexpensive→themostexpensive形容词expensive的原级、比较级和最高级;outgoing→moreoutgoing→themostoutgoing形容词outgoing的原级、比较级和最高级)例句:A:LinPingismyfriend.(LinPing是我的朋友。)She'salittlemoreoutgoingthanme.(她比我性格要活泼开朗一些。)B:Myfriendisthesameasme.(我的朋友跟我一样。)Wearebothquiet.(我们都很静。)A:Doyoulookthesame?(你们长相相像吗?)B:No,I'malittletallerthanher.(不,我比她高一点。)5重点短语:morethan超出……incommon共同的begoodat=dowellin在某方面做得好mostof大多数insomeways在某些方面thesameas与……一样makesb.+adj.让某人(感觉)……(加形容词)stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停止当前做的事去做另一件事beginwith以……开始eachother互相enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime玩得高兴spendsometime[in]doingsth.=spendsometimeonsth.花时间做某事plantodosth.计划做某事onafarm在农场Unit7Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?重点语法:描述一个过程服从别人的指令询问做某事的过程用how引导特殊疑问句分步回答用firs