高三英语名词性从句讲解

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英语名词性从句NounClause起名词性作用的从句,叫名词性从句。换言之,在英语的句子结构中,本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语部分,换由一个句子来充当,这样的句子就是名词性从句。请思考定语从句的定义:起定语作用,用来修饰名词或代词的从句。名词性从句定义4、同位语从句(appositiveclause)分类1、主语从句(subjectclause)2、表语从句(predicativeclause)3、宾语从句(objectclause)1、Englishisveryusefulforus.2、ThesubjectIaminterestedinisEnglish.3、WeneedtomasterEnglishwell.4、Hewanttolearnthelanguage,English.请思考:(主语)(宾语)(表语)(同位语)连接副词(4个):when、why、where、how引导词从属连词(3个):that、if、whether连接代词(9个):who、whom、what、which、whose、whoeverwhomever、whatever、whichever、名词性从句引导词的用法(1):从句中的每一个引导词都有3个功能,分别如下:从属连词“that”---无词义、不作成份、起连接作用“if”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用“whether”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用1、Thatwewillrealizeourdreamsinthefutureiscertain.2、ThefactisthatBeijingwillhold29thOlympicGamesthisyear.3、Iknowthatwellbegunishalfdone.4、HeheardthenewsthatLiuxiangsetanewworldrecord.“that”---无词义、不作成份、起连接作用(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)(同位语从句)1、Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.2、Shewon’tbelievethathehasbecomeathief.3、Thatheisafamoussingerisknowntous.4、Iknewthenewsthatourteamwonthematch.5、Hissuggestionisthatweshouldfinishtheworkatonce.说出从句部分及类别并翻译:宾语从句表语从句表语从句主语从句宾语从句1、Whethershewillcomebackontimedependsonweather.2、Theproblemiswhetheryoucouldgiveussomevaluableadvice.3、Iaskedhimwhetherhecoulddomeafavor.4、CouldyoutellmethequestionwhetherEnglishisusefulforusnow.“whether”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)(同位语从句)If只能引导两种名词性从句:宾语从句、不放于句首的主语从句。Whether四种从句均可以引导。If与whether的区别:1、Whethershewillcomebackontimedependsonweather.2、Iaskedhimwhetherhecoulddomeafavor.请思考:1、Itdependsonweatherifshewillcomebackontime.2、Iaskedhimifhecoulddomeafavor.1、If不能引导放于句首的主语从句,而whether可以。2、引导表语从句用whether,不用if。3、引导同位语从句用whether,不用if。4、whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语,不用if。5、whetherornot连在一起可以,但if不可以。而“whether-----ornot=if-----ornot”If与whether的区别:1、Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.______wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion______theoldmanwillrecoversoon.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether请用if/whether填空:whether连接代词名词性从句引导词的用法(2):“who”---“谁”、作主语、起连接作用“whom”---“谁”、作宾语、起连接作用“what”---“事情”、作主表宾、起连接作用“whose”---“谁的”、作定语、起连接作用“which”---“哪----”、作定语、起连接作用“who”---“谁”、作主语、起连接作用1、Whowillgotothecollegeisstilluncertain.2、Thetroubleiswhocouldlendmesomemoney.3、Hewanttoknowwhopickeduphismobilephone.(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)1、Whomyouwilllearnfromisworththinkingover.2、ThethingIamanxiousaboutiswhomhewillturntoforhelp.3、Hismotheraskedhimwhomhecouldbelievein.“whom”---“谁”、作宾语、起连接作用(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)1、WhatIdesiretogetisagoodreputation.2、WhathewilltellmeiswhatIhavebeenexpectingtoknow.3、TheyagreewithwhatIsaidjustnow.“what”---“事情”、作主表宾语、起连接作用(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)1、Whichclassissuitableforusisn’tmostimportant.2、Whathewantstoaskyounowiswhichteamwonthegame.3、Couldyoutellmewhichoneisright.“which”---“哪---”、作定语、起连接作用(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)1、Whosebagwasthemostbeautifulisstillunknownnow.2、Thequestioniswhosefriendscouldlendmeahand.3、Iwanttoknowwhosesuggestionismorepractical.“whose”---“谁的”、作定语、起连接作用(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)名词性从句引导词的用法(3):连接代词“whomever”--“-----的任何人”、作宾语、“whoever”--“-----的任何人”、作主语、“whatever”--“----的任何东西”、作主表宾语、“whichever”---“无论哪个或哪些---”、作定语、“whoever”--“---的任何人”、作主语、起连接作用1、Whoevercouldsolvetheproblemwillberewarded.2、ThepersonIwillpraiseiswhoevercouldworkoutthequestion.3、Youshouldappreciatewhoeverhelpedyouinthepast.(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)“whomever”---“---的任何人”、作宾语、起连接作用1、Whomeveryouwillmeetinthemeetingisexcellent.2、ThepersonIcoulddependoniswhomeveryoubelievein.3、YoushouldlearnfromwhomeverIpraisedyesterday.(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)1、Whateveryoudidinthepastwasverymeaningful.2、Whatweshoulddoiswhateverisworthdoing.3、Weshoulddowhateverisworthdoing.“whatever”--“--的任何东西”、作主表宾语、(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)“whichever”--“--的哪些或哪个”、作主、表、宾语、1、Whicheverteamwinthegameispossible.2、ThefactiswhicheverteachercouldhelpyoulearnEnglishwell.3、Youcouldchoosewhicheverbookyouwant.(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)名词性从句引导词的用法(4):连接副词“why”----“为什么”、作状语、起连接作用“how”-----“如何”、作状语、起连接作用“where”--“什么地方”、作状语、起连接作用“when”--“什么时候”、作状语、起连接作用“when”--“什么时候”、作状语、起连接作用1、Whenthemeetingwillbeginisn’tdecidednow.2、Thetroubleiswhenhecouldrecoverfromthedisease.3、Heaskeduswhenwewouldgraduatefromtheschool.(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)“where”--“什么地方”、作状语、起连接作用1、WhereIcouldbuythebookisuncertainnow.2、Hisquestionwaswherewewouldholdtheopeningceremony.3、Icouldn’ttellyouwheretheyhavebeenliving.(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)1、Whyhekilledhimselfisstillasecretnow.2、Whatsurprisedmewaswhytheyfailedagain.3、IjustwanttoaskyouwhyIwasfired.“why”--“为什么”、作状语、起连接作用(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)1、Howthethiefstolethebikeisstillamystery.2、Whattheprofessoraskeduswashowwecouldmakeourparentshappy.3、IwillgotoaskmyteacherhowIcouldworkouttheproblem.“how”----“如何”、作状语、起连接作用(主语从句)(表语从句)(宾语从句)用that/what填空:1.______hewantsisabook.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.5.Is_____hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.WhatThat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