跨文化交际Unit-5-Nonverbal-Communication

Unit5NonverbalCommunicationThereislanguageinhereyes,hercheeks,herlips.----ShakespeareWe’regoingto…Realizetheimportanceofnonverbalcommunication;Illustratethedifferentmeaningsofgesturesindifferentcultures;Discusstimelanguage,spacelanguageandparalanguage.Discussions1.Whatpeoplesaywiththeirbodylanguagesisapowerfulformofcommunication.2.Whatisacceptableinoneculturemaybecompletelyunacceptableinanother.3.Somenonverbalcommunicationsareambiguouseveninthesameculture.BillistheManagingDirectorofanAmericancompanyinChina.Recently,WangGang,oneoftheChinesemanagersmadeamistakeatworkthatcausedsomefinancialloss.…Enteringtheoffice,hesmiledbeforespeaking.“…”hesaid,wearingthesmileallthetime.Billdidn’taccepttheapologyandsaidangrily,“Youdon’tlooksorryatall.Ifyou’rereallysorry,howcouldyoustillsmile?”王万鹏因向国安球迷竖中指难逃重罚TrueorFalseVerballanguagecouldalwaysbeexpressiveenoughtorevealwhatonethinks.Nonverballanguageonlyincludeone’sfacialexpressions,andotherbodymovements.Nonverbalcommunicationismoreaccurate,honestthanverbalcommunication.Howimportantisit?Inhumanintercoursethetragedybeginsnotwhenthereismisunderstandingaboutwords,butwhensilenceisnotunderstood.(HenryDavidThoreau)Donotthemostmovingmomentsofourlivesfindusallwithoutwords?(MarcelMarceau,theFrenchartistofdumbshow)What’swrongwiththisposter?ItwasthisposterthatmadethefilmbannedinThailand.Why?ImportanceofNonverbalCommunication1988年在洛杉矶，一个来自泰国的演员杀害了一名29岁的老挝人，被判犯有二级谋杀罪。那位演员在一家深夜营业的泰国卡巴莱演唱，这时一位老挝人，把脚搁在一把椅子上，鞋底对着这位演员。当时是卡巴莱打烊的时候，那位演员跟踪了那个老挝人并把他杀了。为什么？东南亚人认为，给别人看鞋底或把鞋底对着别人是对该人表示极大的侮辱。([美]罗杰·E．阿克斯特尔：《身势语》，上海译文出版社，1998。)CzarNicholasIIwascrownedin1896.LiHongzhang,theGovernor-GeneralofZhili,wasinvitedtoattendtheceremonyastherepresentativeoftheQinggovernment.Atthereceptionaftertheceremony,theCzarinastretchedoutherhandtowardLitobekissedaccordingtothecurrentEuropeancustom.ThinkingthattheCzarinawasdemandingapresent,hehurriedlytookofffromhisownfingerthediamondringandrespectfullyplaceditintheCzarina’shand.AsshedidnotthinkitfittoaskLiforanexplanation,shecouldonlyputtheringonherownfingerandstretchedoutherhadagain.AtthisLibegantocurseunderhisbreath.Whyisnonverbalcommunicationimportant?DefinitionofNVCNVCisaprocessinwhichcommunicatorsusethenaturalfeaturesoftheirbodiestodeliverinformationandexpressspecificmeaningtotheothercommunicator.Nonverbalcommunicationisthecommunicationwithoutwords.DefinitionofNVCNarrowlyspeaking,nonverbalcommunicationreferstointentionaluseofnonspokensymboltocommunicateaspecificmessage.（运用非言语符号传达特定信息的交际行为。）Broadlyspeaking,thetermcanbedefinedtorefertoelementsoftheenvironmentthatcommunicatebyvirtueofpeople'suseofthem.（人们交际时运用的环境因素。）DressLanguage金日成曾经说过，“裤子是男人穿的”。所以在朝鲜，无论春夏秋冬，朝鲜妇女都会响应领袖号召，坚决只穿裙子，不穿裤子。2009年，朝鲜劳动党机关报《劳动新闻》在题为《穿着应方便且好看》的报道中，建议女性们穿“端正的裤子”，并一条一条列举了“可以穿的裤子”和“不该穿的裤子”。朝鲜女性俗称男人为“裤子”。（天涯社区，2011-10）SeatinglanguageStudyAreasTimelanguageSpacelanguageBodylanguageParalanguageStudyAreasTimeLanguageSpaceLanguageBodyLanguageParalanguageTimeorientationTimesystemBodydistanceBodytouchFacialexpressions;eyebehaviorGesture;posture;stanceAppearancevolumespeedpausesilencePunctualityInsomeculturesit’sassumedthatabusy,importantpersonshouldcomelate.IsitsoinChina?Howisyourunderstandingof“不见不散”?TimeOrientationsBettystayedwithoneofherrelativesfortwoweekendsbutdidn’tenjoyherself.Shefoundithardtospendhertimetherebecausesheneverknewwhatwasexpected.Shewasnotsurewhethershecouldstayinbedlatebecausesheneverknewwhatwasplannedforthenextday.TimeOrientationsWhatdoyouthinkofcarefulplanningforbusinessconferences,personalinterviews,andgroupmeetings?What’syouropinionofsomecultures’seeminglackofplanning?Whatdoyouusuallyplancarefullyinadvance?MonochronicandPolychronicClassificationsDoonethingatatimeDomanythingsatonceConcentrateonthejobAreeasilydistractedTaketimecommitmentsseriouslyConsidercommitmentsanobjectiveAdheretoplansChangeplansoftenFollowrulesofprivacyMoreconcernedwithpeopleSpaceandDistanceQiuhadlivedintheU.S.for10yearsbeforeshecamebacktoworkinChina.Oneday,shewaswaitinginaqueuetowithdrawmoneyfromanATM.Sheconsciouslykeptacertaindistancebetweenherandthemanbeforeher.However,theoldmanstandingbehindherconsistentlyaskedhertomoveforwardanddidn’tliketohavemuchspaceleftbetweenanytwocustomerswaitingtouseATM.SpaceandDistanceQuestions:WhydoyouthinktheChineseareaccustomedtobeingclosetoeachotherwhenqueuing?Whatdoyouthinkof“personalspace”?Doesitvaryfromculturetoculture?Ifso,how?SpaceandDistanceArethefollowingcasestrueinChina?Introvertsmaintainslightlygreaterdistancesthanextroverts.Pairsofwomenstandclosertotalkthandopairsofmen.Whenstudentssitinrows,thoseinthecenterhavemoretosaythanthoseattheside.Whentwopeopleexpecttocompete,theywillsitoppositeoneanother.SpaceLanguageBodydistanceInterpersonalrelationshippersonalityCulturalstylesPersonalBubbleGestureFacialExpressionsSurprise???Laugh…“OneisthedifferentmeaningsoflaughterinChinaandAmerica.WhenanAmericanisparkinghisbicycle,forexample,andthebicycleaccidentallyfallsover,hefeelsembarrassedathisawkwardness,andisquiteangeredandhumiliatedwhen