1第9章三相变换器的开关及平均模型9.1三相电压型PWM变换器的开关模型9.2三相电压型PWM变换器的开关周期平均模型9.3三相电流型PWM变换器的开关模型9.4三相电流型PWM变换器的开关周期平均模型9.5小结29.1三相电压型PWM开关模型39.1三相电压型PWM开关模型三相电压型PWM整流器或逆变器中有6个开关器件。{}in1,,,ipssiabc+=∈每相上、下开关之间满足如下约束条件:定义开关函数:{}in1,,,iipsssiabc==−∈49.1三相电压型PWM开关模型三相电压型PWM整流器交流测电量、直流侧电量及开关函数之间的关系。59.1三相电压型PWM开关模型[]adcabcbciisssii=瞬时的电压关系:abababbcbcdcbcdccacacavsssvssvsvvsss−=−=−瞬时的电流关系:69.1三相电压型PWM开关模型相、线电流关系:aabcabbcabccabciiiiiiiii=−=−=−同理:[]()()()()()()dcaabbccaabcabbcabccabcababbcbccacaababbccabccaisisisisiisiisiiississississsii=++=−+−+−=−+−+−=()()()23ababcabcababcabcabiiiiiiiiii−=−−−=−+=()13ababiii=−()13bcbciii=−()13cacaiii=−79.1三相电压型PWM开关模型结论:lllllldcTdcllvsvisi−−−−=⋅=⋅对于Boost/电压型变换器开关模型有如下关系:ababllbcbccacavvvvvvvvvv−−==−−式中:ababllbcbccacassssssssss−−==−−13ababllbcbccacaiiiiiiiiii−−==−−89.1三相电压型PWM开关模型与Buck变换器的比较LdcdcLvsvisi=⋅=⋅lllllldcTdcllvsvisi−−−−=⋅=⋅99.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型Boost变换器的状态方程:9.2.1abc坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型109.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型9.2.1abc坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型119.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型vdc为状态变量,是时间的连续函数,在一个开关周期的变化较小:11331SSSSSllSllTLLlldcTTTdcdcTTllTdivsvdtLLdvvsidtCRC−−−−−=−⋅=⋅−考虑:上述方程中,开关函数sl-l为不连续函数,因此为不连续的方程。求开关周期平均,得到:SSSSlllllldcdcdcTTTTsvsvdv−−−⋅≈=[]Tllabbccadddd−=9.2.1abc坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型129.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型1()()1()()1()()SSSSSStTababababTSttTbcbcbcbcTSttTcacacacaTStdstsdddTdstsdddTdstsdddTττττττ+++===−===−===−∫∫∫定义线间占空比为:{}1()(),,,SStTipipipTStdstsdiabcTττ+==∈∫整理得i相上开关的占空比:所以i相的占空比:{}1,,,iipindddiabc==−∈9.2.1abc坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型139.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型11331SSSSSllSllTLLlldcTTTdcdcTTllTdivsvdtLLdvvsidtCRC−−−−−=−⋅=⋅−再考虑:上述方程中,电流矢量il-l为状态变量,是时间的连续函数,在一个开关周期变化较小,也可做如下近似:llllSSSSTTTllllllllTTTTsisidi−−−−−−⋅==9.2.1abc坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型149.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型11331SSSSSllSllTLLlldcTTTdcdcTTllTdivsvdtLLdvvsidtCRC−−−−−=−⋅=⋅−将下列两式:llllSSSSTTTllllllllTTTTsisidi−−−−−−⋅==SSSSlllllldcdcdcTTTTsvsvdv−−−⋅≈=带入:11331SSSSSSllTLLlldcTTdcdcTTllllTdivdvdtLLdvvdidtCRC−−−−−=−=−三相电压型PWM整流器开关周期平均模型:9.2.1abc坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型159.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型将开关周期平均模型写成向量形式:[]11331SSSSSSSSSSSSSabABTTabbcBCbcdcTTTbccaCATTTabTdcdcTTabbccabcTcaTivddivdvdtLLdividvvdddidtCRCi=−=−9.2.1abc坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型169.1三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型根据上面的开关周期平均模型,可以画出等效电路:9.2.1abc坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型179.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型另一种等效电路:三相电压型PWM整流器开关周期平均模型为三阶系统。9.2.1abc坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型189.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型与Buck变换器平均模型的比较:LdcdcLvsvisi=⋅=⋅SSSSLdcTTdcLTTvdvidi=⋅=⋅9.2.1abc坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型199.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型仿照三相电压型PWM整流器的开关周期平均模型推导,可以推得三相电压型PWM逆变器的开关模型:113311lllllldcllllLLTlllldcdisvvdtLLdvivdtCRCisi−−−−−−−−=−=−=113311SSSSSSSSllTlllldcTTllTllLLTTTlllldcTTdidvvdtLLdvivdtCRCidi−−−−−−−−=−=−=9.2.1abc坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型209.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型两边同时做开关周期平均算子,得到三相电压型PWM逆变器的开关周期平均模型:113311SSSSSSSSllTlllldcTTllTllLLTTTlllldcTTdidvvdtLLdvivdtCRCidi−−−−−−−−=−=−=三相电压型PWM逆变器的开关周期平均模型为四阶系统。9.2.1abc坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型219.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型三相电压型PWM整流器或逆变器的开关周期平均模型都包含三相电量,在以基波频率旋转的三相旋转坐标系中,三相对称电量将成为直流量,这样可以简化三相系统开关周期平均模型。9.2.2dqo旋转坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型三相旋转坐标变换:/22coscoscos33222sinsinsin333111222dqoabcππθθθππθθθ−+=−−−−+T229.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型9.2.2dqo旋转坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型所以从abc坐标系到dqo坐标系变换为:/22coscoscos33222sinsinsin333111222dqoabcππθθθππθθθ−+=−−−−+T为简单起见,记T=Tdqo/abc,所以从abc坐标系到dqo坐标系变换为:dqoabc=xTxxabc为abc静止坐标系矢量,xdqo为dqo旋转坐标系矢量。所以从dqo坐标系到abc坐标系到变换为:1abcdqo−=xTx239.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型9.2.2dqo旋转坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型重写三相电压型PWM整流器开关周期平均模型:1SSlldqoTTii−−=T11331SSSSSSllTLLlldcTTdcdcTTllllTdivdvdtLLdvvdidtCRC−−−−−=−=−1SSLLdqoTTvv−−=T1SSlldqoTTdd−−=T考虑到,,()()111111331SSSSSSdqoTdqodqodcTTdcdcTTlldqoTdivdvdtLLdvvdidtCRC−−−−−=−=−TTTTT249.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型9.2.2dqo旋转坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型整理后:()111111331SSSSSSSdqodqodqodqodcTTTTTdcdcTTlldqoTddiivdvdtdtLLdvvdidtCRC−−−−−+=−=−TTTTTT第一个状态方程同乘T,第二个状态方程应用:,1SSlldqoTTdd−−=T1SSlldqoTTii−−=T111331SSSSSSSdqodqodqodqodcTTTTTdcdcTTdqodqoTddiivdvdtdtLLdvvdidtCRC−+=−=−TT259.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型9.2.2dqo旋转坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型移项后:111331SSSSSSSdqodqodqodqodcTTTTTdcdcTTdqodqoTddividvdtLdtLdvvdidtCRC−=−−=−TT而:122coscoscos33222sinsinsin333111222Tddddtdtdtππθθθππθθθ−−+==−−−−+TTTTT269.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型9.2.2dqo旋转坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型应用:222222223coscoscos332223sinsinsin3322222sincossincossincos0333322coscoscos0332sinsin3xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxπππππππππππ+−++=+−++=+−−+++=+−++=+−2sin03xπ++=279.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型9.2.2dqo旋转坐标系下三相电压型PWM变流器模型推得:10000000ddtωω−−=TT带入得:001100330001SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSdddTTTdqqqqdcTTTTooooTTTdTdcdcTTdqoqToTividdividvdtLLdiviidvvdddidtCRCiωω−=−−=−289.2三相电压型PWM开关周期平均模型9.