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《牛津初中英语》9A东台市时堰镇中学ByMaYanUnit1Knowyourself(GrammarB)bothBoth可作形容词、代词或副词用，意思是“两个”、“双方”、“两个都”。在句中可作主语、宾语或同位语。如：Bothareright.(主语)Ilikeboth.(宾语)Bothpencilsaremine.(同位语）三者呢？both一、Both和bothof后都可接复数名词，构成名词词组。Both后的名词前可有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词作修饰限定，也可没有；bothof后的名词前却一定要有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词作修饰限定。both(thethese，her)childrenbothofthe(these，her)children；bothofchildren。√×Bothof后可接人称代词宾格，both后则不可；但人称代词宾格后可接both。bothofus(you，them)bothus(you，them)us(you，them)both√√×二、Both与动词连用时，大多数放在系动词be之后，其它动词之前。Hisparentsworkers.Theyreading.若句中谓语动词包含情态动词或助动词时，both大多放在第一个情态动词或助动词之后。Thebridgesbebuiltthisyear.kateandMarygonetoEngland.arebothbothenjoymustbothhaveboth三、Both可与and构成并列连词，连接两个性质相同并在句中作相同成分的并行结构。BothheandhisbrotheraregoodatEnglish.(连接两个主语)Shecanbothdanceandsing.(连接两个谓语动词)(连接两个表语)Maryisbothkindandbeautiful.她能歌善舞。玛丽既友善又漂亮。both+名词复数ofthens/代词...and...作主语看作复数1.二个女孩都来自英国。2.科学和数学二门都很难。__________________________England._____________________________________England.Bothgirlsare/comefromBothofthegirlsare/comefrom______science______maths______hard.Bothandare3.Icanspeak______Chinese_____English.bothand四、含both的句子变为否定时，是将both改为neither。Bothoftheboysareclever.Bothoftheboysarenotclever.Neitheroftheboysareclever.两个男孩都聪明。两个男孩都不聪明。并不是两个男孩都聪明(一个聪明一个愚笨)。不完全否定含both…and…的句子变为否定句时，将both…and…改为neither…nor..，连接的两个部分若是名词，可以是单数，也可以是复数。Iknowboththemanandthewoman.Bothbeatsandbirdswouldhavethebatastheirfriend.Iknowneitherthemannorthewoman.Neitherbeatsnorbirdswouldhavethebatastheirfriend.notonly...but(also)...不但……而且……•1.notonly...but(also)...在句中常用来连接两个对等的成分，also可以省略。如：•HeislearningnotonlyEnglishbut(also)French.（连接两个宾语）•他不但在学英语，而且还在学法语。•ShespeaksRussiannotonlyinclassbut(also)athome.•她在课堂上和家里都说俄语。（连接两个地点状语）2.notonly...but(also)...用来连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单、复数遵循“就近原则”，即和but(also)后的名词或代词的数一致。如：•NotonlyZhouXiabutalsoherparentsarefondofwatchingfootballmatches.不但周霞，而且她的父母都喜欢看足球比赛。•Notonlyyoubutalsoheistiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.不但你，而且他也讨厌一次接一次的考试。3.notonly...but(also)...连接两个分句，当notonly位于句首，前一个分句常用部分倒装来表示强调，而but(also)后的分句仍用陈述语序。如：•Notonlyistheteacherhimselfinterestedinforeignfilms，butalsoallhisstudentsarebeginningtoshowaninterestinthem.•不但老师自己对外国电影感兴趣，就连他所有的学生也开始对外国电影感兴趣了。•NotonlydoesMissLilikemusic,but(also)shelikessports.李小姐不但喜欢音乐，而且还喜欢体育。•4.notonly…butalso中的notonly不能分开使用，但butalso却可以分开使用。例如：Theareawasnotonlyhitbyanunexpectedheavyrain，butsomebridgeswerealsowashedaway.•5.notonly…butalso连接两个并列成分时，可以省略but或also，也可以把butalso都省略掉。例如：Inotonlyhearditbut（also）sawit.Hewasnotonlycompelled（被迫）tostayathome，（but）alsoforbidden（禁止）toseehisfriend.Shenotonlyfinishedthetaskaheadoftime，（butalso）shecametohelpus.•【注意】使用中注意两点：1、就近。指谓语形式取决于离它近的主语。NotonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherreadsEnglisheveryday.2、一致。notonly与butalso后面所接的词类要一致。Shecannotonlysingbutalsodance.•【用法小结】•1.notonly…butalso应连接两个相对称的并列成分。例如：NotonlyMrLinbutalsohissonjoinedthePartytwoyearsago.（连接两个主语）Inotonlyplaytennisbutalsopractiseshooting.（连接两个谓语动词）Heplaysnotonlythepianobutalsotheviolin.（连接两个宾语）TheyspeakEnglishnotonlyinclassbutalsointhedormitory.（连接两个地点状语）•Either---or---•Neither---nor---•either:指两者中的任意一个。•either...or...意为或者……或者……；不是……就是……之意。表示两者之一，连接句子中两个并列的成分•neither:指两者中没有一个，全否定。•neither...nor...表示既不……也不……。其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成份。•Bent:HiSam,whatdoyouthink?•Wecangotothetombtoday.Wecanalsogotheretomorrow.•Sam:Let’sgotomorrow.Thestudentsarealltootiredtoday.•Onecomplainedthattheroomwasnotcleanandnotcomfortable.Wecangotothetombeithertodayortomorrow.Onecomplainedthattheroomwasneitherneithercleannorverycomfortable.•Ben:Well,Ithinktheroomsareverycleanandcomfortable,andIsleptverywellinmine.DidyounoticethatMarcoandPeterdidnotcometothetalk?•Sam:Isupposetheyweretired,butthat’snotaverygoodexcuse.Well,aftervisitingtheruinstomorrow,wecanthenrelax.•WecangototheDragonRestaurant.ThePhoenixRestaurantisalsoverygood.DidyounoticethatneitherMarconorPetercometothetalk?WecaneithergototheDragonRestaurantorthePhoenixRestaurant.Either---or---•EitheryouorIcangotheretomorrow.subject•Ieitherstayathomeorgoshopping.verb•Wecouldchoosetoeateithernoodlesorrice.object•Theyaregoingthereeitherbytrainorbyair.adverbialNeither---nor---NeitheryounorIcangotheretomorrow.subjectIneitherstayathomenorgoshopping.verbWecouldchoosetoeatneithernoodlesnorrice.objectTheyaregoingthereneitherbytrainnorbyair.adverbialTrytocorrectthefollowingmistakesifany•Whenthegirlishappy,sheeithersingsordances.•Eithermyuncleormyparentsisgoingtheretomorrow.•Neithertheynorsheisgoodatdrawing.•Hedoesnotdoit,eitherdoeshetry.•Eitherofthefilmsisgood.•Thereweretreesandflowersoneithersideofthestreet.areneither•Ifyoudon’tgototheparty,Idon’ttoo.•AreeitheryouorIgoingtheretomorrow?•Bothdadandmumisathometoday.•Neitherofhiscatshasbeenfed.•BothheandIareright.eitherare•Either–用于句末，表示否定的“也”，类似too–Either+noun–Eitherof+noun•Either---or---–就近原则•Neither–用于句首，表示否定的“也”，倒装（nor）–Neither+noun–Neitherof+noun•Neither---nor---–就近原则Trytodistinguish---•Neitherteacheroftenanswersthequestions.•这两个老师，没有一个经常解答问题。•Eitherteacheroftenanswersthequestions.•这两个老师中有一们常常解答问题。•Idon‘tknowbothhisteachers.•他的两位老师我并非都认识。（半否定）•Iknowneitherhisteachers.•他的老师我都不认识。（全否