ToS与DSCP对照表

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签:TOS职场休闲DSCPIPTypeofServiceThisclassificationtypeisbasedonanexactmatchoftheone-byteToS/DSCPfieldcontainedintheIPheaderofaframe.TheToS(TypeofService)orDSCP(DiffserveCodepoint)valueisdefinedbyan8-bithexadecimalnumberbetween0andFF.EnteravalueorclickSelecttoopenawindowwhereyoucangenerateahexvalue.ForinformationonhowtogenerateaToSorDSCPvalue,seeToS/DSCPConfigurationwindow.TypeofServicecanbeusedbyapplicationstoindicatepriorityandQualityofServiceforeachframe.Thelevelofserviceisdeterminedbyasetofserviceparameterswhichprovideathreewaytrade-offbetweenlow-delay,high-reliability,andhigh-throughput.Theuseofserviceparametersmayincreasethecostofservice.Inmanynetworks,betterperformanceforoneoftheseparametersiscoupledwithworseperformanceonanother.Exceptforveryunusualcases,atmost,twooftheparametersshouldbeset.IPprecedence使用前3bit;ToS使用4-7bit,最后一位备用;DSCP使用0-5bit,最后两位备用;ForaToSvalue,the8-bithexadecimalnumberbreaksdownasfollows:Bits0-2:PrecedenceBit3:0=NormalDelay,1=LowDelayBit4:0=NormalThroughput,1=HighThroughputBit5:0=NormalReliability,1=HighReliabilityBits6-7:ExplicitCongestionNotification########################01234567+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+||||||||PRECEDENCE|D|T|R|0|0||||||||+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+#########################Theprecedencebits(bits0-2)breakdownasfollows:111-NetworkControl110-InternetworkControl101-CRITIC/ECP100-FlashOverride011-Flash010-Immediate001-Priority000-RoutineTheNetworkControlprecedencedesignationisintendedtobeusedwithinanetworkonly.Theactualuseandcontrolofthatdesignationisuptoeachnetwork.TheInternetworkControldesignationisintendedforusebygatewayoriginatorsonly.ForaDSCPvalue,thevaluerepresentscodepointsfortwoDifferentiatedServices(DS)Per-Hop-Behavior(PHB)groupscalledExpeditedForwarding(EF)andAssuredForwarding(AF).FormoreinformationonthesePHBgroups,refertoRFC2597andRFC2598.########################################################在IP网络中,IPv4报文中有三种承载QoS优先级标签的方式,分别为基于二层的CoS字段(IEEE802.1p)的优先级、基于IP层的IP优先级字段ToS优先级和基于IP层的DSCP(DifferentiatedServicesCodepoint)字段优先级。每种优先级的定义如下:(1)IEEE802.1p优先级======2层Qos(ISL&Dot1Q)它是位于二层带标签的以太网帧的CoS字段,和VLANID在一起使用,在字节中的位置如下:其中:IEEE802.1p优先级:3bit(P2-P0)未用(CU):1bitVLANID:12bit(V11-V0)IEEE802.1p优先级值有8个(0-7),0优先级最低,7优先级最高。报文分为三种情况:带优先级和VLANID的标签报文,其优先级值是自身带的值;只带优先级的标签报文,此时VLANID为0,其优先级值是自身带的值;未带标签的报文,一般默认的优先级值为0,也可以进行更改指定新的优先级。(2)IP优先级==============》3层IP包头的服务类型之一它由IP分组报头中的服务类型(ToS)字节中的3位组成,其在字节中的位置如下:P2P1P0T3T2T1T0CU其中:IP优先级:3bit(P2-P0)服务类型(ToS):4bit(T3-T0)未用(CU):1bitIP优先级值有8个(0-7),0优先级最低,7优先级最高。在默认情况下,IP优先级6和7用于网络控制通讯使用,不推荐用户使用。ToS字段的服务类型未能在现有的IP网络中普及使用。(3)DSCP优先级==============》3层IP包头的服务类型之二它由IP分组报头中的6位组成,使用的是ToS字节,因此在使用DSCP后,该字节也被称为DSCP字节。其在字节中的位置如下:DS5DS4DS3DS2DS1DS0CUCU其中:DSCP优先级:6bit(DS5-DS0)未用(CU):2bitDSCP优先级值有64个(0-63),0优先级最低,63优先级最高。事实上DSCP字段是IP优先级字段的超集,DSCP字段的定义向后与IP优先级字段兼容。目前定义的DSCP有默认的DSCP,值为0;类选择器DSCP,定义为向后与IP优先级兼容,值为(8,16,24,32,40,48,56);加速转发(EF),一般用于低延迟的服务,推荐值为46(101110);确定转发(AF),定义了4个服务等级,每个服务等级有3个下降过程,因此使用了12个DSCP值((10,12,14),(18,20,22),(26,28,30),(34,36,38))。#############################################IPprecedence和DSCP代码对照表0-63Differentiatedservicescodepointvalueaf11MatchpacketswithAF11dscp(001010)af12MatchpacketswithAF12dscp(001100)af13MatchpacketswithAF13dscp(001110)af21MatchpacketswithAF21dscp(010010)af22MatchpacketswithAF22dscp(010100)af23MatchpacketswithAF23dscp(010110)af31MatchpacketswithAF31dscp(011010)af32MatchpacketswithAF32dscp(011100)af33MatchpacketswithAF33dscp(011110)af41MatchpacketswithAF41dscp(100010)af42MatchpacketswithAF42dscp(100100)af43MatchpacketswithAF43dscp(100110)cs1MatchpacketswithCS1(precedence1)dscp(001000)cs2MatchpacketswithCS2(precedence2)dscp(010000)cs3MatchpacketswithCS3(precedence3)dscp(011000)cs4MatchpacketswithCS4(precedence4)dscp(100000)cs5MatchpacketswithCS5(precedence5)dscp(101000)cs6MatchpacketswithCS6(precedence6)dscp(110000)cs7MatchpacketswithCS7(precedence7)dscp(111000)defaultMatchpacketswithdefaultdscp(000000)efMatchpacketswithEFdscp(101110)Cisco推荐的几个DSCP值:路由协议CS6交互式语音EF交互式视频AF41流式视频CS4电话信令AF31或CS3网络管理CS2大块数据AF11尽力服务0

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