小学英语介词总结介词(Preposition)一、概述介词是英语中很活跃的词,一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配,表示不同意义。二、常用介词的基本用法at①表示时间:Igotoschoolatseveneveryday我每天早上7点去上学.②表示在某一具体地点:Heisstandingatthebusstop他站在公共汽车站.③表示动作的方向、目标:Letmehavealookatthepicture让我看看这幅图.④用于某些固定搭配:atlast最后atthesametime同时atfirst开始时notatall一点也不about①表示大约时间:I'saboutsixo'clocknow.现在大约6点钟了.②表示地点;在……周围:Everthingaboutmeissobeautiful我周围的一切都那么美好.③关于,对于:Wearetalkingaboutthenews.我们正在谈论新闻.after①在……之后:AfterdinnerIwatchTV.晚饭后我看电视.②在……后面:Hecameintotheroomafterme.他在我后面进了房间.by①在……旁:Heissittingbythebed.他正坐在床边.②到……时候:WehavelearnedthreeEnglishsongsbynow.到现在为止,我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲.③以……方式:Igotoschoolbybus.我乘公共汽车去上学.④用于某些固定搭配:onebyone一个接一个bytheway顺便说一句for①为,给,替:I'llmakeacardformyteacher.我要给老师做张卡片.②由于:Thankyouforhelpingme.谢谢你帮我.③表示给(某人)用的:Thereisletterforyou.这儿有你一封信.in①在……里面:Thepencilisinthedesk.铅笔在课桌里.②在一段时间里:Wehavefourclassesinthemorning.我们上午有四节课.③用,以:What'sthisinEnglish?这用英语怎么说?④在某一年份,季节,月份:in2002,inspring,inJanuary⑤表示状态,服饰:Helenisinyellow.海伦身穿黄色衣服.⑥在……方面:HeisweakinEnglish.他的英语不行.⑦用于某些固定搭配:infrontof在……前面intheend最后of①的(表示所属关系):Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.这是一张我家的照片.②……的(用于所有格):Heisafriendofmine.他是我的一个朋友.③表示数量(与连词连用):OneofusisfromBeijing.我们中有一个来自北京④想到,谈到:Ioftenthinkofthem.我常常想到他们.⑤用于某些固定搭配:ofcourse当然becauseof因为,由于on①在……上面:Therearesomeappleonthetree.树上有些苹果.②在(星期)天,在某天的上午(下午,晚上):TheygotoEnglishclassonSunday.星期天他们去上英语课.IleftBeijingonthemorningofMay1.我在5月1日早上离开北京.③用于某些固定搭配:onduty值日ontime准时over①在……正上方:Thereisalampoverthetable.桌子上方有一盏灯.②遍及,穿过:Thereisabridgeovertheriver.有座桥横跨那条河.③超过,不止:Sheisalittleover2.她两岁多了.to①到,往,向:Hewalkstothewindow.他走向窗户.②表示时间、数量,到……为止Pleasecountfromtentothirty.请从10数到30.③向,对,给:HappyNewYeartoyouall.大家新年好.with①和,写:Couldyougohomewithme?你能和我一起回家吗?②表示伴随状态,带有:Who'sthatgirlwithglasses?那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁?三、介词的固定搭配1)介词和名词的连用2)动词和介词的连用atfirst起初;开始getoff下车atlast最后helpsb.withsth.帮组某人做某事atschool在上课,在上学askfor请求getup起床athome在家;无拘束laughat嘲笑learnfrom向……学习atwork上班,在工作lookafter照顾lookfor寻onduty值日listento听onholiday度假lookat看;注视talkabout交谈;谈ontheleft/right在左/右边waitfor等候;等thankfor为……而感谢onfoot步行onsale出售;降价出售3)形容词和介词连用onTV在电视上播放beafraidof害怕ontheway在路上beinterestedin对……感兴趣begoodat善于inclass在课堂上belatefor干某事迟到inEnglish用英语begoodfor对……有利4)其他by+交通工具bybus/train/plane/air/ship/bike/sea…intheend最后inbed躺在床上lotsof/alotof许多,大量练一练:1、选用括号内恰当的介词填空。1)What’sthis_______(at,on,in)English?2)Christmasis_______(at,on,in)the25thofDecember.3)Theman_______(with,on,in)blackisSuHai’sfather.4)Hedoesn’tdowell_______(at,on,in)PE.5)Lookatthosebirds_______(on,in)thetree.6)Wearegoingtomeet_______(at,on,in)thebusstop_______(at,on,in)halfpastten.7)Isthereacat_______(under,behind,in)thedoor?8)Helen’swritingpaperis_______(in,infrontof)hercomputer.9)Welive_______(at,on,in)anewhousenow.10)Doesitoftenrain_______(at,on,in)springthere?2、圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词,并将正确的答案写在横线上。1)JimisgoodinEnglishandMaths.2)Thefilmswereinthegroundjustnow.3)Theyaretalkingtotheirplans.4)HowmanystudentshavetheirbirthdaysonMay?5)Women’sDayisatthethirdofMarch.6)Icanjogtoschoolonthemorning.7)Didyouwatertreesatthefarm?8)CanyoucomeandhelpmeonmyEnglish?9)IusuallytakephotosinSundaymorning.10)WhatdidyoudoontheSpringFestival?二、用所给的介词填空。in,from,for,with,against,with,on,to,at,of1.Gostraightahead,thepostofficeis________yourright.2.Wecouldbuyhamburgers_______lunch.3.Ihelpmymother______thehousework.4.Youcancomeandhavedinner______us.5.Ipaintedapicture_______horses.6.Billisaheavyboy_______shorthair.7.Adultsusuallygiveluckymoneytochildren_______SpringFestival.8.It’sapostcard(明信片)__________theUSA.9.Ilive_________theeighthfloor.11.Areyoulistening________me?12.Weusuallystay________home______Saturdayafternoon.13.Shallwemeet_______thegate(大门)_______theschool?14.Don’twalk_______thegrass.15.Somechildrenareswimming_______theriver(河).