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专题05构词法目录构词法---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2一、词形转换填空-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2二、单词拼写-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3三、语法填空------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4四、猜测词义-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5构词法一、词形转换填空1．pleasantadj.令人愉快的；友好的→vt.(使)高兴；(使)满意→adj.高兴的；满意的→adj.令人愉快的→n.快乐；乐趣2．elegantadj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的→n.优雅;端庄→adv.精美地；讲究地；文雅地3．exceptionaladj.特别的；罕见的→n.例外；例外的人/事→prep.除……外4．stableadj.稳定的；稳重的→adv.稳定地；平稳地5．modestadj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的→n.谦虚；朴素6．freezevi.&vt.(froze，frozen)结冰；(使)冻住→adj.极冷的；冰冻的→adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的7．electricadj.电的；用电的；电动的→adj.与电有关的→n.电；电学8．assistantn.助理；助手→vt.帮助；协助→n.帮助；协助；援助9．giftedadj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→n.礼物；天赋10．challenge[n.]&[vt.]挑战；质疑→[adj.]挑战性的11．responsible[adj.]有责任，负责；可靠的→(反义词)→[n.]责任，职责12．independent[adj.]自主的，有主见的；自立的→(反义词)→[n.]独立，自主→(反义词)13．technique[n.]技巧，技艺；技能→[adj.]技术的，技能的→[n.]科技14．contribution[n.]贡献；捐款；捐赠→[vi.]&[vt.]做贡献；捐献；促成15．fortunately[adv.]幸运地，幸亏→(反义词)→[adj.]幸运的→[n.]运气；巨款；命运16．curiosity[n.]好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品→[adj.]好奇的17．politics[n.]政治，政治事务；(个人的)政治观点，政见→[adj.]政治的；政党的→[n.]政治家18．memorable[adj.]难忘的，值得纪念的→[n.]记忆力→[vt.]记住19．absorb[vt.]理解，掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力→[n.]吸收；专注20．amuse[vt.](提供)消遣；逗笑→[adj.]被逗乐的，觉得好笑的→[adj.]逗乐的，有乐趣的→[n.]愉悦；娱乐活动21．analyze[vt.]分析→[n.]分析→(复数)22．severe[adj.]十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；艰难的→[adv.]严重地→[n.]严重性，严峻23．anxiety[n.]焦虑；担心；渴望→[adj.]焦虑的，担心的二、单词拼写1．（2024·重庆市巴蜀中学校月考）Thenewpositioninvestedherwithagooddealof.(责任)2．（2024·宁夏吴忠中学月考）Ithoughtthisvastwaveoffoodwasthetotalnumberofdishestobeserved,andIstartedeating(贪婪地).3．（2024·宁夏吴忠中学月考）Medicalassistanceisavailableincaseofan(紧急情况).4．（2024·宁夏吴忠中学月考）Theaimofthetreatyistopreventthe(商业的)andmilitaryuseofthecontinent.5．（2024·广东省华侨中学月考）Goingintohospitalcanbevery(令人害怕的)forachild.6．Xi’anhasbecomeoneofChina’smostpopulartourist(目的地).7．（Sofar,no(科学的)studieshaveshownthatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth.8．Doctorssaytoomuchpressureisnotgoodforachild’s(发展).9．（2024·吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学第二次模拟）Hewishesthegovernmentwouldbemore(关注的)todetailsintheirresponse.10．（2024·吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学第二次模拟）Pleasebepatient,forthisisaslow(积累)ofexperienceandknowledge.11．（2024·吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学第二次模拟）Hisactionhadbeengreetedwithalmostuniversal(反对)andhewassodiscouraged.12．（2024·吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学第二次模拟）Wearewhatweeat.Agooddietis(有益于)tohealth.13．（2024·吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学第二次模拟）Therehasbeenverylittlerenewalof(人员)inhighereducation.14．（2024·广东省佛山市南海中学月考）TuYouyou’swinningoftheNobelPrizemeansthatTCMisgettinginternational(认可).15．(最近),citizensinLuhehavegotthechancetoexperienceaself-servicestore.三、语法填空1．（2024·吉林省东北师大附中第一次摸底）___________(previous),barbecueinNortheastChinawasmuchmorepopularacrossthecountry.2.（2024·福建省八县（市、区）一中联考）Thenewlydiscoveredplanet,Kepler-90i,is(probable)rockyandsimilartoourearth,butbecauseofitsclosenesstoitshomestar,ithasanaveragesurfacetemperatureofabout400°C．Itmovesaroundthestaronceevery14.4days.3.（2024·安徽省合肥市第一中学第一次教学质量检测）Aftertheevent,ZhaoGaokilledallthosethatrefusedtosupporthimandpunished,by(difference)means,thoseministerswithasenseofjustice.HeeventuallytookcontrolofthecourtandspedupthedownfalloftheQinDynasty.4.（2024·广西南宁市高三一模）Inadditiontothispainting,theexhibitionshowcasedatotalof108culturalrelics,including13itemsfrom(variety)unitsoftheCulturalHeritageBureauoftheXizangAutonomousRegion,aswellas95itemsfromthePalaceMuseum.5.（2024·安徽皖江名校联盟10月阶段考试）(traditional)handeddownfrommothertodaughter,Suembroideryisanartformthattakesdecadestomaster.Fromdesignandstitchingtomountingandframing(做框),asinglepieceofhandmadeSuembroideryartusuallytakesmonthstocreate.6.（2024·福建省漳州市第一次教学质量检测）Sofar,ShaolinKungfuhasbecomeawindowofChineseculturetotheworld,whichalsoturnsShaolinTempleintothemost(influence)“holyland”ofmartialartsintheworld.7.（2024·广东省广东省四校联考月考）Thisdiscoveryidentifiesa(n)(origin)artistictraditionandpushesbackbymorethan8,500yearstherepresentationofbirdsinChineseart.8.（北京市海淀区2023-2024学年高三上学期期中）Theinnovativetechniquewouldfacilitate(investigate)intoheartdiseasesandtrialsofsomepotentialmedicines.9.（2024·河北省保定市摸底）HuChangsheng,PartysecretaryofGansu,said,“Exchangesandmutuallearningbring(diverse)tocivilization.10.（2024·河北省邢台质检联盟期中）Afterinvestigation,wefoundthatofthe33communities,22communitieshadfewerthan30giantpandas,”saidHeShengshan.“Becausepandashavepoorabilitytotravelandtherearemountains,humanactivities,highwaysandrailwaytracks,giantpandagroupscan’tcommunicatewitheachother,andthosewithsmallpopulationsarestillatriskof(extinct)overtime.”四、猜测词义1.（2023·浙江1月考）Artificialintelligenceensureshumansabrightfuture.2.（2023北京卷）Theinabilitytoengagewithlonger-termcausesandconsequencesleadstosomeoftheworld’smostseriousproblems:climatechange,biodiversitycollapse,andmore.3.（2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷）PeteBondsisinexperiencedinusingrobot