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Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．hybridn．杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车2．crisisn．(pl.crises)危机；危急关头3．characteristicn．特征；特点；品质adj.典型的；独特的4．conventionaladj.传统的；习惯的5．pollinatevt.授粉；传粉6．domesticadj.本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的7．strainn．(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力8．celebrityn．名望；名誉；名人；名流9．envisionvt.展望；想象10．sorghumn．高粱；高粱米11．broomn．扫把；扫帚；金雀花12．grainn．谷物；谷粒；颗粒13．urbanadj.城市的；都市的；城镇的14．bombn．炸弹vt.轰炸；对……投炸弹15．tunneln．地下通道；地道；隧道16．wheatn．小麦；小麦籽17．flavour(NAmE-vor)n．味道；特点；特色18．fertiliser(NAmE-izer)n．肥料19．povertyn．贫穷；贫困20．organicadj.有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的21．pesticiden．杀虫剂；除害药物22．bacteriumn．(pl.bacteria)细菌23．groceryn．食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货Ⅱ.记重点单词1．tacklevt.解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理2．boostvt.使增长；使兴旺n．增长；提高；激励3．yieldn．产量；产出vt.出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等)vi.屈服；让步4．attainvt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到5．intenseadj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的6．overcomevt.(overcame，overcome)克服；解决；战胜7．outputn．产量；输出；输出量vt.(output，output)输出8．estimatevt.估计；估价；估算n．估计；估算9．comprisevt.包括；包含；由……组成10．generatevt.产生；引起11．leisuren．闲暇；休闲；空闲12．soiln．泥土；土壤；国土；领土13．visionn．想象；视力；视野；影像14．realityn．现实；实际情况；事实15．alleviatevt.减轻；缓解16．widespreadadj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的17．digestvt.&vi.消化vt.领会；领悟n．摘要；文摘18．essentialadj.完全必要的；极其重要的19．mineraln．矿物；矿物质20．alternativen．可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的21．instancen．例子；实例；事例22．rootn．根；根茎；根部；根源23．aspectn．方面；层面Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．devotevt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devotionn．奉献；忠诚；挚爱→devotedadj.挚爱的；全心全意的；忠诚的2．shortagen．不足；缺少；短缺→shortadj.短的；矮的；缺乏的；简略的3．convincevt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincingadj.有说服力的；使人信服的→convincedadj.确信的；坚信的4．assumptionn．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得→assumev．假定；设想；承担→assumingconj.假定；假设5．expandvt.&vi.扩大；增加vt.扩展；发展(业务)→expansionn．扩大；扩张；扩充6．consumptionn．消耗；消耗量；消费→consumevt.消耗；消费；吃；喝→consumern．消费者；用户；客户7．saltyadj.含盐的；咸的→saltn．盐8．extensionn．扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→extendvt.伸开；展开；延伸→extensiveadj.广阔的；大规模的；广泛的9．chemicaladj.与化学有关的；化学的n．化学制品；化学品→chemistryn．化学→chemicallyadv.化学上地→chemistn．化学家；药剂师10．nutritionaladj.营养(物)的→nutritiousadj.有营养的；营养丰富的→nutritionn．营养；滋养11．depthn．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deepadj.深的→deeplyadv.深深地；强烈地→deepenvt.加深；(使)变深12．entirelyadv.全部地；完整地；完全地→entireadj.全部的；完全的1．hesitatevt.犹豫；踌躇2．hopelessadj.没有希望的；绝望的3．horribleadj.令人恐惧的；恐怖的4．humorn．幽默，幽默感5．humorousadj.幽默的6．hypothesisn．假设；前提7．idealadj.理想的；美好的8．identificationn．鉴定；识别Ⅳ.背核心短语1．devote...to把……用于；献身；致力；专心2．becomprisedof包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)3．deepdown在内心深处；本质上；实际上4．inturn相应地；转而；依次；轮流5．forinstance例如；比如6．belike...像……7．fulfilone’sdreams实现某人的梦想8．infact事实上9．turnto转向；求助于10．bereadyfor为……做准备Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．However，whatconcernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.(that引导的表语从句)然而，他最关心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。2．Howthiscouldbedonewasachallengingquestionatthetime.(how引导的主语从句)如何实现这一目标成为当时一个颇具挑战性的问题。3．However，whetheritwaspossibletodevelopahybridofself-pollinatingplantssuchasricewasamatterofgreatdebate.(whether引导的主语从句)然而，是否可能开发出水稻等自花授粉作物的杂交品种，仍众说纷纭。4．GiventhatYuan’shybridsmadehimquitewealthy，onemightthinkhewouldhaveretiredtoalifeofleisure.(giventhat引导的原因状语从句)考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。5．Whydifferentcropsaregrownisbecausetheyputimportantmineralsbackintotheground，makingitreadyforthenextbatchofcrops.(why引导的主语从句；because引导的表语从句)种植不同作物是为了把重要的矿物质重新放回土壤之中，让土壤为下一批作物(的种植)做好准备。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。yield，reality，convince，intense，alleviate，shortageOurclassiscomprisedofthirtystudentsfromthecountryside.Deepdown，allofusenvisionourselvesattainingrespectfuljobsinurbancitiesinthenearfuture.Dreamsarerootedinourhearts.Wearegreatly1.convincedthatbeingentirelydevotedtoourstudycanboostourconfidenceintacklingcrises.Wewillcombineconventionallearningmethodswithmodernonestoexpandourknowledge.Thenwe’llbravelyoutputwhatwehavelearned.Certainly，itisessentialthatweshouldn’t2.yieldtodifficulties.Theinstantwecan’tdigestsomeaspectstheteachersaysinclass，wewillbeovercomewithsorrow.Toomuchhomeworkgeneratesmuchstrain，butwehavealternativemethodsto3.alleviateourfrustration.Forinstance，wewillbuynutritiousfoodsinagrocerystoreinourleisuretime，althoughwehavea4.shortageofmoney.Ontheassumptionthatwealwayshavesuchan5.intenseandwidespreadinterestinstudy，itisestimatedthatwecanputourdreamsinto6.reality，whichinturncanenableustoliveabetterlifethatwehavebeenlookingforwardto.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇devotevt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于(常与介词to连用)(devotedadj.深爱的；忠诚的devotionn．奉献；忠诚；挚爱)•devote...to(doing)sth把……奉献给；把……专注于；献身；致力devoteoneselfto(doing)sth致力于(做)某事；献身于(做)某事•bedevotedto(doing)sth专心于(做)某事；致力于(做)某事(1)Itishisdevotion(devote)tohislearningthatenableshimtoattainadoctor’sdegree.(2)我最崇拜的人是我的英语老师，他致力于教学。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)①ThepersonIadmiremostismyEnglishteacherwho/thatdevoteshimselfto/isdevotedtohisteaching.(定语从句)②ThepersonIadmiremostismyEnglishteacherdevotedtohisteaching.(过去分词短语作后置定语)convincevt.使相信；使确信；说服(convincedadj.确信的；坚信的convincingadj.令人信服的)•convincesbofsth使某人确信/明白某事convincesbthat...使某人相信……convincesbtodosth说服某人做某事•beconvinced(that...)/of...(某人)坚信……(1)Hisspeechwassoconvincingthateveryonepresententirelybelievedwhathesaid.Fromhisconvincingwords，Iwasentirelyconvincedofhisabilitytotacklethisproblemperfectly.(convince)(2)我深信我能胜任这份工作，如果有幸得到这个职位，我将尽最大努力履行职责。(应用文写作之申请信)IamgreatlyconvincedthatIamqualifiedforthisjobandIwilltrymybesttoperformmydutiesifIamluckyenoughtogettheposition.(3)我已经说服