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Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．airlinen．航空公司2．bayn．(海或湖的)湾3．craftn．手艺；工艺；技艺4．antiquen．古物；古董adj.古老的；古董的5．literallyadv.字面上；真正地6．spectacularadj.壮观的；壮丽的；惊人的n．壮丽的场面；精彩的表演7．peakn．顶峰；山峰；尖形8．goatn．山羊9．grizzlybearn．灰熊10．drillvi.&vt.钻(孔)；打(眼)n．钻(头)；训练；演习11．malln．(alsoshoppingmall)购物商场；购物广场12．prairien．北美草原13．frostn．霜；严寒天气；霜冻vt.使蒙上霜vi.结霜14．durationn．持续时间；期间15．harbour(especiallyUSharbor)n．(海)港；港口16．quarryn．采石场17．steeln．钢；钢铁工业18．cobblestoneadj.铺有鹅卵石的19．coherentadj.有条理的；清楚易懂的Ⅱ.记重点单词1．arisevi.(arose，arisen)起身；出现；由……引起2．boundadj.准备前往(某地)；一定会vi.跳跃3．sceneryn．风景；景色4．awesomeadj.令人惊叹的；可怕的；很好的5．highlightn．最好或最精彩的部分vt.突出；强调；使醒目6．anticipatevt.预料；预见；期望7．bunchn．束；串；捆8．thundervi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动n．雷声；轰隆声9．curtainn．窗帘10．bordern．国界；边界(地区)11．enrol(especiallyUSenroll)vi.&vt.(使)加入；注册；登记12．idiomn．习语；成语13．contraryadj.相反的；相对立的n．相反的事实(或事情)14．anyhowadv.(结束交谈或转换话题时)不过；反正15．alongsideprep.在……旁边；与……一起adv.在旁边16．proceedvi.行进；继续做17．shoren．岸；滨18．duskn．黄昏；傍晚19．accentn．口音20．owevt.欠(账、债、情等)；归因于，归功于21．toastn．烤面包片；吐司；干杯vt.为……干杯vt.&vi.烤(尤指面包)Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．pleasantadj.令人愉快的；友好的→pleasevt.&vi.(使)高兴；(使)满意→pleasedadj.高兴的；满意的→pleasingadj.令人愉快的→pleasuren．快乐；乐趣2．massiveadj.巨大的；非常严重的→massn．团；堆；许多；大量3．breathn．呼吸的空气→breathevt.&vi.呼吸→breathlessadj.气喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的4．freezevi.&vt.(froze，frozen)结冰；(使)冻住→freezingadj.极冷的；冰冻的→frozenadj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的5．astonishvt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→astonishingadj.惊人的；令人惊讶的→astonishedadj.感到惊讶的→astonishmentn．惊讶6．mistn．薄雾；水汽→mistyadj.多雾的；模糊的7．advertisementn．(informalad)广告；启事→advertisevi.&vt.(为……)做广告/宣传；征聘8．photographern．摄影师；拍照者→photographn．照片vi.&vt.(为……)拍照→photographyn．摄影；摄影术1．invitationn．邀请；请帖2．irregularadj.不规则的3．jogvi.慢跑4．journalistn．记者；新闻工作者5．judgmentn．判断力；看法；裁决6．junglen．丛林；密林7．junioradj.初级的；年少的8．justicen．正义；公正；司法Ⅳ.背核心短语1．takesb’sbreathaway令人惊叹2．freezingcold极冷的；冻僵的3．abunchof一束；一串；一群；大量4．contraryto相反的；相对立的5．proceedtosth进而做(参加)6．owesthtosb欠(某人情)；把……归功于某人7．acoupleof几个8．betypicalof是……的典型特点9．inadditionto除……之外(还)10．allinall总而言之Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Ratherthantravelbycommercialairlinealltheway，theydecidedtoflytoVancouverandthentakethetrain.(ratherthan而不是)她们不想一直坐商务航班旅行，而是决定先飞往温哥华，然后乘坐火车。2．Seenfromthetrainwindow，themountainsandforestsofCanadalookedmassive.(过去分词短语作状语)从火车的窗户向外看，外面是加拿大连绵起伏的山脉和大片的森林。3．Lookingatthebeautifulscenery，theybothagreedthatitwasthemostawesomejourneytheyhadevertaken.(现在分词短语作状语)看着这美丽的风景，她们两人一致认为，这是她们有生以来最棒的旅行。4．Sinceitcanbetoocoldtogooutdoors，Edmontonishometomanyshoppingmalls.(too...to...)因为天太冷不能去户外，埃德蒙顿成了许多购物广场的所在地。5．Itwasnotuntil9∶30a．m.thattheyfinallyreachedthecapitalofOntario，Toronto.(Itwasnotuntil...that...强调句型)直到上午9∶30，她们才最终抵达安大略的省会多伦多。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。owe，bound，highlight，literally，arise，toastAphotographerwasenrolledinawintercampandonafreezingcoldday，heboardedthetrain1.boundforaharbourcity.Theanticipatedarrivaltimewassixintheevening.Drawingbackthecurtain，hewasastonishedtoseemistycloudsfloatingonthepeakofamassivemountain.Contrarytohisinitialbelief，whatheconsideredboringonthetrainprovedtobeoneofthe2.highlightsoftheawesometrip.Withthetrainthunderingon，hereachedthedestinationatdusk.Spectacularsceneryandpleasantfreshair3.literallytookhisbreathaway.Tallbuildingsofglassandsteel4.aroseeverywhere.Hewasattractedbytheexceptionaladvertisementsintheshoppingmall，sellingcrafts，antiquesandbunchesofflowers.Feelingalittlehungry，heboughtapieceof5.toastinthesupermarketalongsidethestreet，wherehechattedwithpeoplewithdifferentaccents.Anyhow，he6.owedhishappinesstothewintercamp.Thenextevening，hewouldproceedtothenextstop.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇arisevi.(arose，arisen)发生；出现；产生；起身，起立；(由……)引起arisefrom＝ariseoutof由……引起/产生；从……中产生arisefromone’schair/seat从椅子/座位上站起来(1)小女孩从椅子上站起来，摇摇晃晃地向奶奶走去，抽噎道：“向您撒谎，我非常抱歉。”(读后续写之动作链描写)Thelittlegirlarosefromherchair，wobbledtowardhergrandmotherandsobbed，“I’mterriblysorryfortellingliestoyou.”(2)休息时，我们的班主任开始处理他课上出现的问题。①Atbreak，ourheadteachergotdowntodealingwiththematterswhich/thatarosefromhisclass.(定语从句)②Atbreak，ourheadteachergotdowntodealingwiththemattersarisingfromhisclass.(分词短语作定语)contraryadj.相反的；相对立的n．相反的事实(或事情)contraryto相反的；相对立的onthecontrary与此相反；恰恰相反(1)与普遍的看法相反，读英文报Youth没有浪费我的时间；恰恰相反，它提高了我的整体能力。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)Contrarytopopularbelief，readingtheEnglishnewspaperYouthdoesn’twastemytime;onthecontrary，itimprovesmyoverallcompetence.(2)第一次实验与我们最初的预期正相反，因此，我们正在考虑如何改进我们的项目。(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)Thefirstexperimentwascontrarytoourinitialexpectations，andtherefore，wewereconsideringhowtoimproveourproject.astonishvt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊[astonishedadj.感到惊讶的(指人的主观感受)astonishingadj.惊人的；令人惊讶的astonishmentn．惊讶]•beastonishedat/bysth因某事感到惊讶beastonishedtodosth对做某事感到惊讶•inastonishment吃惊地toone’sastonishment让某人惊讶的是(1)Thephotographerwasastonishedattheastonishingquestioninhisownmind.(astonish)(2)看着丈夫抱着一束花，她呆住了，惊讶地张大了嘴。(读后续写之惊讶心理描写)Seeingherhusbandholdingabunchofflowers，shefroze，hermouthdroppingopeninastonishment.(3)双胞胎非常吃惊地发现他们第一次尝试做早餐失败了。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)Thetwinswerequiteastonishedtofindthattheirfirstattempttocookabreakfastfailed.owevt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于；归因于•owesbsth/owesthtosb欠某人某物owesthtosb/sth把某事归功于某人/某事oweittosbthat/todo...把……归功于某人•owingto因为，由于(1)我欠你一个道歉，因为周五下午我未能和你一起去书店。(应用文写作之道歉信)Ioweyouanapology/oweanapologytoyo