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易错点14阅读理解细节理解题目录01易错陷阱（4大陷阱）02举一反三【易错点提醒一】扩缩范围易混易错点【易错点提醒二】张冠李戴易混易错点【易错点提醒三】无中生有易混易错点【易错点提醒四】原词再现易混易错点03易错题通关易错陷阱1：扩缩范围易混易错点。【分析】选项中的描述将原文内容扩大或缩小，与原文的内容极其相似,只是在程度上有些变动。干扰项使用了与文中某句话相似的句子结构和陈述，但在陈述中对某个细节的陈述有变动，关键地方换了单词，增加或删除了部分信息，从而改变了句意，而考生在答题时却没有注意到这一变化。易错陷阱2：张冠李戴易混易错点。【分析】所述细节确实与原文一致,但变换了主体，把文中的“张三”换成了选项中的“李四”。这里的”张冠李戴”指的是把文中作者的观点与他人的观点混淆在一起，比如题干问的是作者的观点，选项陈述的是他人的观点，把两个信息点故意错误地混合在一起，这样偷换概念的陈述与文意相差甚远，考生很容易因为粗心或没有看懂原文而做出错误的选择。易错陷阱3：无中生有易混易错点。【分析】在意思上符合常识，但与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。对于这样的选项，考试容易在没有充分理解文章信息的情况下凭主观臆断答错题。易错陷阱4：原词再现易混易错点。【分析】选项内容部分是文章原文原句或原词，实则部分正确或部分错误，考生对具体信息的内容记忆不全，对这样的试题缺少足够的判断，错选选项。【易错点提醒一】扩缩范围易混易错点【例1】（2023·江苏泰州·高三姜堰中学校考期中）WehavehouserulestomakeLearnEnglishafunandsafeplacetoimproveyourEnglish,sopleasemakesureyoufollowtheserules.TheagerequirementWewelcomelearnersfromaroundtheworldwhoareatleast18yearsold.Ifyouare12oryounger,pleaseuseLearnEnglishKids;ifyouare13—17,pleaseuseLearnEnglishteens.WhoistheLearnEnglishwebsitemainlyintendedfor?A．Englishteachers.B．Adultlearners.C．Childrenunder12.D．Studentsagedbetween13and17.【变式1】（2023-2024年新未来联考模拟试题）InSaskatchewan,Canada,vegetableshaveashortgrowingseason.SoaveryuniquefarminHudsonBayisgrowingfresh,pesticide-freevegetablesinahydroponic（水培的）farmallyearlong.Theretheplantsaregrowninwaterinsteadofsoil.Growingvegetablesinthemiddleofnowhere,about300kilometresnortheastofSaskatoon,mayseemlikeabigrisk,butthereisnootherplaceforpeopletogetlocallygrownfood.Produceisavailableinlocalsupermarketsbutitistruckedinfromfaraway.TheideatoturnthenolongerusedStewartHawkeschoolintoafarmcametotheNelswhenHudsonBayaskedforbids(投标)forthebuildingin2018.Itwasemptyandifanalternativeusewasn’tfound,itwouldbepulleddown.k.”......Whatdidthefarmusetobe?A.AsupermarketB.AschoolC.AgardenD.Afactory【变式2】（2023·湖北·华中师大一附中校考）Inrecentyears,thepsychologicallyrichlifehasbeenreceivinggreaterresearchattention.Itisfullofstrongemotions,bothpositiveandnegative,andnewandinterestingexperiences.Theyare,however,seldomboringordull.......Thesefindingssuggestthatwhilemostpeopledostruggletobehappyandhavemeaningandpurposeintheirlives,asizablenumberofpeoplearecontentonlylivingapsychologicallyrichlife.Indeed,othernewresearchsuggeststhatforalotofpeople,theintensity(强度)oftheexperiencemattersmorethanonlyhow“positive”or“negative”itwas.AsOishiandhiscolleaguesconclude,“webelievethattakingthepsychologicallyrichlifeseriouslywilldeepen,broadenandenrichourunderstandingofwell-being.”Attheendoftheday,thereisnooneacceptablepathtothegoodlife.Youhavetofindapaththatworksbestforyou.AsNietzscheputit:“Noonecanbuildyouthebridgeonwhichyou,andonlyyou,mustcrosstheriveroflife.Theremaybecountlessbridgesbutthereisonepathintheworldthatnonecanwalkbutyou.Wheredoesitlead?Don’task,walk!”1．Accordingtothepassage,thepsychologicallyrichlifeis_________.A．fullofmeaningandpurposeB．nothingbutdifferentemotionsC．strongemotionsandinterestingexperiencesD．allaboutbeingcontentwithwhatyouhave2．ShigehiroOishiandhiscolleaguesholdtheviewthat________.A．thepsychologicallyrichlifeisthebestoneB．morepeopleprefertoliveapsychologicallyrichlifeC．thereisnodifferencebetween,’positive’and‘negative’experienceD．studyingpsychologicalrichnesshelpstounderstandwell-beingbetter【易错点提醒二】张冠李戴易混易错点【例2】（2023·江苏苏州·高三苏州中学校考期中）Animalstudieshavedemonstratedthestrongimpactofamalemammal’snutritionalhistoryonitsoffspring(后代).Forinstance,maleratsthatexperiencestarvationbeforematingproduceoffspringwithalteredbloodsugarlevelsandchangesinhormoneslikecorticosterone(whichhelpsfightstress)andinsulin-likegrowthfactor(whichaidsinbabydevelopment)....Increasingly,biologyrevealsthataperson’shealthandwell-beingsignificantlyimpactthehealthandhappinessoftheirfuturechildren.Itisnotsolelybecauseatoughmanismorelikelytobeagreatfatherorduetohisgeneticmakeup.Regardlessofaperson’sinheritedcharacteristics,thelifestylechoicestheymakethroughouttheirlife,evenbeforeconsideringparenthood,willhavealastingimpactontheirchildren’sphysicalandmentalwell-being.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A．Astrongmaleislikelytoleavemoreoffspringbehind.B．Thelifestyleamalehaschosenaffectsnotonlyhimselfbutalsohischildren.C．Ahealthymaleusuallygetsthebestgenestopassalongtohisfuturegenerations.D．Itisunlikelythatahappymalewilldevelopanxietyanddepression.【变式1】（2023·湖北·高一华中师大一附中校考）Ifyou’replanningtovisitJapan,itisagoodideatounderstandsomebasiccustoms.SURGICALMASKSSeeingphotosofpeopleinJapanwearingsurgicalmasks,youmightwonderifsurgicalmasksarejustafashion.Meanwhile,inAmerica,wecoughintotheopenair,andsneakoutofrestroomswithoutwashingup.InJapan,it’snotnicetosharegerms(细菌).Ifyou’resickandyoumustleaveyourhome,youputasurgicalmaskbecausethat’spolite.Surgicalmasksarealsowornoutofcaution—ifyoutravelinapackedtrainduringfluseason,it’sagoodideatodoso.......AboutYOURSHOESWearingshoeinthehouseisjustnotsomethingpeopledoinJapan.YoushouldremoveyourshoesimmediatelyafterenteringaJapanesehomeandalsowhenenteringmosthistoricbuildings.1．TheJapaneseconsiderwearingasurgicalmaskas________.A．afashionB．adangerC．goodmannersD．agoodidea2．WhenyouarevisitingaJapanesehome,youareadvisedto___________