选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 Environmental Protection

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选择性必修第三册Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionⅠ.阅读理解AMakethemostofthepleasantweatherandenjoythebestwalkoftheyearwithfriendsandfamily.Useyour2for1Entryinsomeofourfavoritelandscapegardensforamemorabledayout.PainswickRococoGardenFindbeautyandquietnessattheUK’sonlycompletesurvivingRococoGarden.Discoverfancifulgardenflowers,woodlandwalks,andbeautifullyframedviewsacrossthevalley.Dogsonshortleadsarepermittedandtheshopoffersarangeofseasonalandlocalproduce.Bookatrococogarden.org.uk.Open:closed1-25March,open26-31March,10am-4pm,lastentry2∶30pm.NymansGardenWalkdownSpringWalkpackedwithseasonalflowersandpleasantsmells,andenjoythehedge(树篱)toppedwithfrost.Routesincludethosewithplentyoflevelpathstofollowaroundthegarden.Dogsarewelcomeeverydayfrom1∶30pm,withafestivetreatprovided.Bookatnationaltrust.org.uk/nymans.Open:dailyexcept24and25March,10am-4pm.VentnorBotanicGardenEveninearlyspring,therearetypicallyover200varietiesofplantstobeseenfloweringasyouexplorethe27acres.Enjoyaccesstothecoastalpathandroutesaccessibleforwheelchairs,andthenwarmupwithcoffeemilkinthecaféafterward.Bookatbotanic.co.uk.Open:dailyexcept25March,9am-4pm.GibsideGardenEnjoywalkingpathsatthisGeorgianlandscapegarden,featuringplentyofwildlife.Followthewindingriverandturningvalleyforfantasticviews.Warmupwithhotchocolateanddeliciousbiscuitsinthesecond-handbookshop.Bookatnationaltrust.org.uk/gibside.Open:dailyexcept24and25March,10am-4pm.1.WhatdoPainswickRococoGardenandNymansGardenhaveincommon?A.Valleyviews.B.Frostyflowers.C.Seasonalproduce.D.Petpermission.2.Whichgardenfavorspeoplewithwalkingdisability?A.PainswickRococoGarden.B.NymansGarden.C.VentnorBotanicGarden.D.GibsideGarden.3.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inaresearchpaper.B.Inatravelbrochure.C.Inasciencemagazine.D.Inageographytextbook.B(2023·江苏苏州期中调研)Lotsofanimalsliveandmoveingroups—elephantsinherds,wolvesinpacks,birdsinflocks,andfishinschools.Researchhasshownthatwhereanindividualislocatedinthegroupcanaffectthebenefitsitgetsfromhangingoutinacrowd.However,ShaunKillen,anecophysiologistattheUniversityofGlasgowintheUKsays,researchershaven’tyetfullyexploredtheroleofphysiologicalprocessessuchasdigestionindrivinganimals’collectivebehavior.KillenandhiscolleaguesrecentlystudiedschoolsofEurasianminnows(米诺鱼)swimminginatankagainstacurrent.Piecesoffoodwereconstantlymovingpastthefish,andtheteamrecordedhowmucheachminnowateandthefishes’positionsbeforeandaftereating.Aftercalculatingthemetabolic(新陈代谢的)costsofdigestingeachfish’smealandcomparingittothefish’sposition,theteamobservedatrend:fishthathadjustgulpeddownabigmealmovedtothebackoftheschool,evenwhenthey’dswumatthefrontatmostothertimes.“Itmakessensethatfeedingwouldinfluenceindividuals’positionsinagroup,”saysDamienFarine,whostudiescollectivebehaviorinbirdsattheUniversityofKonstanzinGermany.“Ifafishishungry,it’scompetingwithothersintheschooltoeat,andbeingatthefrontgivesitaccesstomorefood.Butoncethefishisfull,itdoesn’tnecessarilyneedtobeatthefront.”Inaddition,“beingatthebackofthegroupislessenergeticallycostlyforarangeofreasons,”Farinenotes.“Anindividualatthebackdoesn’thavetocontributetonavigating,andbyrelaxingthebrainloaditsavesmoreenergy.”Killensayshe’sbeenthinkingabouttheprosandconsofbeingatthebackofthepack,suchasprotectionfromattackersandaboostfromschoolmates’slipstream.Changesinposition,especiallyduringthebasictrade-offbetweenfeedingandmovement,appeartoinfluencegroupleadership,informationtransfer,andgroupdecisionmaking.Buttheconsequencesofthetrade-offsforgrouppowerandsurvivalarenotyetunderstood.4.WhatdoesKillenandhiscolleagues’studyfocuson?A.Howbehavioraltraitsinfluencepositionchangesofindividualsinfishschools.B.Howlocationinfluencesnutritionstatesofindividualsinfishschools.C.Howdigestioninfluencesdistributionofindividualsinfishschools.D.Howlocationinfluencesbenefitsofindividualsinfishschools.5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“gulpeddown”meaninparagraph2?A.Swallowed.B.Located.C.Witnessed.D.Missed.6.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Afullfishcompetestoeatattheback.B.Ahungryfishhaseasieraccesstomorefood.C.Beingatthebacksavestheenergyofafullfish.D.Beingatthefrontcostsahungryfishlessenergy.7.WhatisShaunKillen’sattitudetohisstudy?A.Cautious.B.Confident.C.Positive.D.Disappointed.CAtJennerParkPrimarySchoolinWales,pupilsbetweentheagesofsevenandninearewritingletterstoresidentsofalocalcarehome.Theinitiativeseeschildrenandtheirelderlypenpals(笔友)exchangeupdatesabouttheirlives,helpingtobuildrelationshipsbetweengenerationswhilealsogivingthechildrenanunderstandingofthevalueofwritinglettersbyhand—anactivitythat’sbecominglessandlesscommon.LauraJohnson,theteacherwhocoordinates(协调)theschemeatJennerPark,says:“Allofourwritingisforapurpose.That’sthekeyingettingchildrentovaluehandwriting.Assoonasyouputanaudiencethere,knowingthatsomeoneoutthereisgoingtobereadingit—whetherthat’sparentsoranothergroupofchildren—there’salwaystherealsenseofpridetogoalongwithit.”Theschoolmaintainsafocusonhandwritingthroughouttheyears,fromdedicatedhandwritingclassesintheprepschooltoacalligraphyclubofferedtotheoldergroups.Ithascreatedsomethingcalled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