选择性必修第二册 Unit 4　Journey Across a Vast Land

选择性必修第二册Unit4JourneyAcrossaVastLandⅠ.阅读理解A“Canyouimagine？”DiébédoFrancisKérésaidtoNPR，“IwasborninBurkinaFaso，alittlevillagewheretherewasnoschool.AndmyfatherwantedmetolearnhowtoreadandwriteverysimplybecausethenIcouldtranslateorreadhimhisletters.”ThefirstBlackwinnerofthePritzkerArchitecturePrizewasassurprisedasanyoneelsetobeselectedforthefield’smostfamousprize.Manyarchitectshadopenlysupposedthat2022wouldbeSirDavidAdjaye’syear，whoisbestknownfordesigningnotablebuildingsastheNobelPeaceCenterinNorway.Kéré，whoisbasedinBerlinbutcentersmuchofhispracticeinAfrica，hasbeen—untilnow—farlesserknown，withbuildingsthatincludeprimaryschoolsandahealthcareclinic.Whenhewastwenty，in1985，KéréearnedascholarshiptostudycarpentryinBerlin.ButhealsoattendednightschoolandwasadmittedtoTechnischeUniversitätBerlin，fromwhichhegraduatedin2004withanadvanceddegreeinarchitecture.HewasstillastudentwhenhedesignedandbuilttheinnovativeGandoPrimarySchool.Kéré’sarchitecturalpracticewasinspiredbyhisownexperienceattendingschoolwitharound100otherchildreninaregionwithtemperaturesover100F．“It’sveryhotinside.Andtherewasnolight，whileoutside，thesunlightwasabundant.Ithink，onedayIshouldmakeitbetter.Iwasthinkingaboutspace，aboutroom，abouthowIcouldfeelbetter.”InhisdesignsforGandoPrimarySchoolandNaabaBelemGoummaSecondarySchool，Kérédrewontraditionalbuildingmaterialssuchaslocalclaymixedwithconcrete，andemphasizedshadeandshadows，makingspacesbrightenoughandlettingairin，andthusreducingtheneedforairconditioning.Hewantedthebuildingstoevokethesenseofanoasis(绿洲)，aplaceformanychildren，tobehappyandlearnhowtoreadandwrite.1．WhydidthePritzkerArchitecturePrizeof2022comeoutasasurprise?A．Becauseitisthemostfamousprize.B．Becausethewinneronlydesignsschools.C．BecauseKéréwasn’tfirstselectedasacandidate.D．Becauseanothercompetitorwasmorefamous.2．WhatinspiredKéré’sarchitecturework?A．HisacademictraininginBerlin.B．Hardshipinhisearlychildhood.C．Anarchitecturalcontest.D．Hisexperiencetravelingabroad.3．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKéréasanarchitect?A．Creativeanduniversal.B．Determinedandambitious.C．Caringandpractical.D．Devotedandproductive.4．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheschoolsdesignedbyKéré？A．Theyarewell­litandcool.B．Theyonlyusetraditionalmaterials.C．Theyneednoair­conditioning.D．Theyarebuiltonoases.B(2023·四川成都诊断性检测)It’sasimpleyeteffectivemessagethatappeals，andleadstoasatisfyingwayofmotivatingustopromoteenvironmentalisminourownway.BorninNairobi，LeseinMutunkeiisinhislateteens，andhisTrees4Goalsisthemeanswithwhichheintendstomaketheworldgreener.Itunitestwoofhisself­declaredpassionsinlife：loveoftheoutdoors，withhisloveoffootball.Leseinenjoyedwalkingintheforest，butrecognisedhiscountrywasexperiencingaseriouslossoftreecover.Between2001and2020，Kenyalostanestimated11%oftrees，releasingasmanyas176milliontonsofCO2.InablogpostforWWFKenya，Leseinrevealedthat，oncehestartedtheTrees4Goalsinitiative，heoriginallyplannedtoplantonetreepergoal.By2020，hewantedtotakehiseffortsevenfurther.Whatstartedasonetreeplantedpergoalmushroomedinto11treesplantedpergoal.Explainingthereasoningbehindexpandingthetree­planting，hesaid，“Itrepresentsteameffortinfootballandthecontributionbymyteam.Ihavemanagedtohitthe1,000thtreemilestoneinthelasttwoyears.”Whileit’ssomethingofanowngoaltodestroytheforestsandjunglesprovidingenormousbiodiversity，innovativeinitiativeslikeTrees4Goalsareanassuredwaytoscoreanenvironmentalisthat­trick.Footballispopular.Itcutsthroughculturalbarriersirrespectiveofthecountryitisplayedin.Byincreasingthetreesplantedpergoal，withmoresuchinitiativesspringingup，evenmorewillbegrown.Likeaseed，bestideasstartsmallandchangeintosomethingthatcanbecomefarlargerthananticipated.WhileLeseincontinuesplanting11treespergoal，Kenyangovernmentisaimingtoensuretheplantingof1.8billiontreestoreach10%forestcoverage.Thesciencebehindisclear：if900millionhectaresaredevotedtohalfatrilliontrees，theworldcanoffset(抵消)halfofallcarbonreleasedsince1960.5．WhatgaveLeseintheideaoflaunchingtheproject?A．ReleaseoftoomuchCO2.B．Dreamofmotivatingothers.C．Passionforsportsandnature.D．Habitofexercisinginthewoods.6．WhatdidLeseindoin2020?A．HecreatedablogforWWF.B．Hemultipliedhiscommitment.C．Heplantedonetreeforeachgoal.D．Heextendedhisworktootherteams.7．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“owngoal”inparagraph4referto?A．Aimthatisintendedtoachieve.B．Actionthatharmsone’sowninterests.C．Pursuittowardwhicheffortisdirected.D．Goalthatisscoredfortheopposingteam.8．WhatcanwelearnfromLesein’sstory?A．United，wewin.B．Nopains，nogains.C．Loveme，lovemydog.D．Smalldeeds，bigdifference.CAcomputerprogrammecanidentifybreastcancerfromroutinescanswithgreateraccuracythanhumanexperts，someresearcherssaid.Theyhopedwhattheydevelopedcouldproveabreakthroughinthefightagainsttheglobalkiller.Breastcancerisoneofthemostcommoncancersinwomen，withmorethan2millionnewdiagnoseslastyearalone.Regularscreeningisvitalindetectingtheearliestsignsofthediseaseinpatientswhoshownoobvioussymptoms.InBritain，womenover50areadvisedtogetanexaminationofthebreasteverythreeyears，theresultsofwhichareanalyzedbytwoindependentexperts.Butinterpretingthescansle