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选择性必修第二册Unit4JourneyAcrossaVastLand高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解A“Canyouimagine？”DiébédoFrancisKérésaidtoNPR，“IwasborninBurkinaFaso，alittlevillagewheretherewasnoschool.AndmyfatherwantedmetolearnhowtoreadandwriteverysimplybecausethenIcouldtranslateorreadhimhisletters.”ThefirstBlackwinnerofthePritzkerArchitecturePrizewasassurprisedasanyoneelsetobeselectedforthefield’smostfamousprize.Manyarchitectshadopenlysupposedthat2022wouldbeSirDavidAdjaye’syear，whoisbestknownfordesigningnotablebuildingsastheNobelPeaceCenterinNorway.Kéré，whoisbasedinBerlinbutcentersmuchofhispracticeinAfrica，hasbeen—untilnow—farlesserknown，withbuildingsthatincludeprimaryschoolsandahealthcareclinic.Whenhewastwenty，in1985，KéréearnedascholarshiptostudycarpentryinBerlin.ButhealsoattendednightschoolandwasadmittedtoTechnischeUniversitätBerlin，fromwhichhegraduatedin2004withanadvanceddegreeinarchitecture.HewasstillastudentwhenhedesignedandbuilttheinnovativeGandoPrimarySchool.Kéré’sarchitecturalpracticewasinspiredbyhisownexperienceattendingschoolwitharound100otherchildreninaregionwithtemperaturesover100F．“It’sveryhotinside.Andtherewasnolight，whileoutside，thesunlightwasabundant.Ithink，onedayIshouldmakeitbetter.Iwasthinkingaboutspace，aboutroom，abouthowIcouldfeelbetter.”InhisdesignsforGandoPrimarySchoolandNaabaBelemGoummaSecondarySchool，Kérédrewontraditionalbuildingmaterialssuchaslocalclaymixedwithconcrete，andemphasizedshadeandshadows，makingspacesbrightenoughandlettingairin，andthusreducingtheneedforairconditioning.Hewantedthebuildingstoevokethesenseofanoasis(绿洲)，aplaceformanychildren，tobehappyandlearnhowtoreadandwrite.语篇解读本文为一篇记叙文。文章介绍了DiébédoFrancisKéré在2022年成为第一位获得普利兹克建筑奖的黑人建筑师，童年时艰苦的学校条件激励他未来要为孩子们创造良好的学习环境。1．WhydidthePritzkerArchitecturePrizeof2022comeoutasasurprise?A．Becauseitisthemostfamousprize.B．Becausethewinneronlydesignsschools.C．BecauseKéréwasn’tfirstselectedasacandidate.D．Becauseanothercompetitorwasmorefamous.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段可知，业内人士对于SirDavidAdjaye这位要有名气的建筑家获奖呼声颇高，相比之下最终获奖者的作品主要在非洲且名气不大。故选D。2．WhatinspiredKéré’sarchitecturework?A．HisacademictraininginBerlin.B．Hardshipinhisearlychildhood.C．Anarchitecturalcontest.D．Hisexperiencetravelingabroad.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段可知，Kéré童年时经历的艰苦的学校条件激励他未来要为孩子们创造良好的学习环境，启发了他的建筑作品。故选B。3．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKéréasanarchitect?A．Creativeanduniversal.B．Determinedandambitious.C．Caringandpractical.D．Devotedandproductive.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第四段后两句以及第五段可知，Kéré设计的初衷是改善孩子们的学习环境，在设计中，他非常注重因地制宜，使建筑更有实用性，可以看出Kéré关心他人且很务实。故选C。4．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheschoolsdesignedbyKéré？A．Theyarewell-litandcool.B．Theyonlyusetraditionalmaterials.C．Theyneednoair-conditioning.D．Theyarebuiltonoases.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“InhisdesignsforGandoPrimarySchool...makingspacesbrightenoughandlettingairin，andthusreducingtheneedforairconditioning.”可知，Kéré设计的学校采光和通风良好，温度适宜。故选A。B(2023·四川成都诊断性检测)It’sasimpleyeteffectivemessagethatappeals，andleadstoasatisfyingwayofmotivatingustopromoteenvironmentalisminourownway.BorninNairobi，LeseinMutunkeiisinhislateteens，andhisTrees4Goalsisthemeanswithwhichheintendstomaketheworldgreener.Itunitestwoofhisself-declaredpassionsinlife：loveoftheoutdoors，withhisloveoffootball.Leseinenjoyedwalkingintheforest，butrecognisedhiscountrywasexperiencingaseriouslossoftreecover.Between2001and2020，Kenyalostanestimated11%oftrees，releasingasmanyas176milliontonsofCO2.InablogpostforWWFKenya，Leseinrevealedthat，oncehestartedtheTrees4Goalsinitiative，heoriginallyplannedtoplantonetreepergoal.By2020，hewantedtotakehiseffortsevenfurther.Whatstartedasonetreeplantedpergoalmushroomedinto11treesplantedpergoal.Explainingthereasoningbehindexpandingthetree-planting，hesaid，“Itrepresentsteameffortinfootballandthecontributionbymyteam.Ihavemanagedtohitthe1,000thtreemilestoneinthelasttwoyears.”Whileit’ssomethingofanowngoaltodestroytheforestsandjunglesprovidingenormousbiodiversity，innovativeinitiativeslikeTrees4Goalsareanassuredwaytoscoreanenvironmentalisthat-trick.Footballispopular.Itcutsthroughculturalbarriersirrespectiveofthecountryitisplayedin.Byincreasingthetreesplantedpergoal，withmoresuchinitiativesspringingup，evenmorewillbegrown.Likeaseed，bestideasstartsmallandchangeintosomethingthatcanbecomefarlargerthananticipated.WhileLeseincontinuesplanting11treespergoal，Kenyangovernmentisaimingtoensuretheplantingof1.8billiontreestoreach10%forestcoverage.Thesciencebehindisclear：if900millionhectaresaredevotedtohalfatrilliontrees，theworldcanoffset(抵消)halfofallcarbonreleasedsince1960.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肯尼亚的一个少年开创了一个项目Trees4Goals，目的是提高肯尼亚的森林覆盖率。5．WhatgaveLeseintheideaoflaunchingtheproject?A．ReleaseoftoomuchCO2.B．Dreamofmotivatingothers.C．Passionforsportsandnature.D．Habitofexercisinginthewoods.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，正是对于足球和野外的热爱使他创立了这个项目。故选C。6．WhatdidLeseindoin2020?A．HecreatedablogforWWF.B．Hemultipliedhiscommitment.C．Heplantedonetreeforeachgoal.D．Heextendedhisworktootherteams.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，2020年，他加大了自己的投入，从踢进一个球就种植一棵树迅速增加到踢进一个球就种植十一棵树。故选B。7．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“owngoal”inparagraph4referto?A．Aimthatisintendedtoachieve.B．Actionthatharmsone’sowninterests.C．Pursuittowardwhicheffortisdi