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选择性必修第四册Unit2IconicAttractions高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解AIn1969，watchingthelandingofApollo11ontheMoononTVfromhisparents’farminCanada，ChrisHadfieldwasamazedandexcited.Onthatday，atonlynineyearsold，Chrismadethemostimportantdecisionofhislife：Hewasgoingtobeanastronaut.Therewasn’tevenatrainingprograminCanadatobecomeanastronaut；butChriswasdetermined.Hespentagreatdealoftimestudyingandfixingengines.AfterschoolhejoinedtheCanadianarmywherehelearnedtoflymanydifferenttypesofplanes.ChrisdidalotofresearchfortheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)intheUnitedStatesandhadspecialtraining.Finally，in1995，herodehisfirstrocketintospace.ChrisbecamethefirstCanadianastronauttowalkinspace，andwentonanumberofspacemissionsthroughouthiscareer.Themostmemorablewashisfive-monthstayontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)ascommander，betweenDecember2012andMay2013.HepostedonsocialmediathousandsofphotosofEarthandvideosofhimselfexplaininghowthingsworkinzerogravity.Hisfollowerscouldwatchhimsleeping，brushinghisteeth，washinghishands，orpreparing“space”snacksinzerogravity，whichturnedhimintoasocialmediaphenomenon.Today，Christravelstheworldgivingtalksabouthiswork.Heoncesaid，“Decideinyourheartofheartswhatreallyexcitesandchallengesyou，andstartmovingyourlifeinthatdirection.Everydecisionyoumake，fromwhatyoueattowhatyoudowithyourtimetonight，turnsyouintowhoyouaretomorrow.Lookatwhoyouwanttobe，andstartsculptingyourselfintothatperson.Youmaynotgetexactlywhereyouthoughtyou’dbe，butyouwillbedoingthingsthatsuityouinaprofessionyoubelievein.Don’tletliferandomlykickyouintotheadultyoudon’twanttobecome.”语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加拿大航天员ChrisHadfield小时候看到阿波罗11号登陆月球后，励志成为一名宇航员的故事。1．WhatledChristomakeuphismindtobeanastronaut?A．Thelifeonhisparents’farm.B．Hisabilitytoflyvariousplanes.C．Apollo11’slandingontheMoon.D．Hispassionforstudyingengines.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，阿波罗11号登陆月球使Chris下定决心成为一名宇航员。故选C。2．WhichofthefollowingwasbestworthrememberingaboutChris’career?A．ServingintheCanadianarmy.B．WorkingascommanderontheISS.C．ReceivingalotoftrainingfromtheNASA.D．BeingthefirstCanadianastronauttowalkinspace.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Themostmemorablewashisfive-monthstayontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)ascommander”可知，Chris的职业生涯中最值得记忆的是他在国际空间站担任指挥官的经历。故选B。3．WhatmadeChrispopularinthemedia?A．Thespacetasksheconductedinhislife.B．Thepicturesandvideoshepostedonline.C．Hisstrongdeterminationtopursuehisdream.D．HisgreatcontributionstoCanada’sspaceindustry.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“HepostedonsocialmediathousandsofphotosofEarthandvideosofhimselfexplaininghowthingsworkinzerogravity...whichturnedhimintoasocialmediaphenomenon.”可知，Chris上传到网上的照片和视频使Chris在媒体中很受欢迎。故选B。4．WhatcanwelearnfromChris’wordsinthelastparagraph?A．Courageiswhatittakestoovercomedifficulties.B．Opportunitiesgohandinhandwithchallenges.C．Fromsmallbeginningscomegreatendings.D．Thesecretofsuccessliesinthefirmaim.答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Decideinyourheartofheartswhatreallyexcitesandchallengesyou，andstartmovingyourlifeinthatdirection.”及“Don’tletliferandomlykickyouintotheadultyoudon’twanttobecome.”可知，从Chris的话中，我们可以知道，要想成功，一定要坚定自己的目标。故选D。BPlasticssustainabilityhascomealongwayinrecentyearsinlargepartthankstoscientificadvances.Butevenasplasticsbecomemoreandmoreenvironmentallyfriendly，theworldcontinuestobepollutedasmanyindustriesrelyonthemfortheirwidely-usedproducts.ThelatestresearchfromDrJunpengWang，assistantprofessorinUA’sSchoolofPolymerScienceandPolymerEngineering，hasamethodtoreducesuchwasteandclearascientificpathwaytoamoresustainablefuturethatcanappealtotherubber，tyre，automobileandelectronicsindustries.Theproblemathand：Syntheticpolymers，includingrubberandplastics，areusedinnearlyeveryaspectofdailylife.Theadvantageofsyntheticpolymerslieslargelyintheirexcellentstabilityandvariousmechanicalqualities.However，duetotheirhighdurability，wastematerialsmadeofthesepolymershaveaccumulatedinthelandandoceans，causingseriousconcernsfortheecosystem.Apromisingmethodtotacklethechallengesinplasticssustainabilityistoreplacecurrentpolymerswithrecyclableonesinordertoachieveacircularuseofmaterials.Thekeyinthedesignofchemicallyrecyclablepolymersistoidentifytherightmonomer.Throughcarefulcomputationalcalculation，theresearchersidentifiedatargetingmonomer.Theythenpreparedthemonomerandpolymersthroughchemicalsynthesis，usingabundantlyavailablestartingmaterials.Wang’sresearchgroup，includingpolymersciencegraduatestudentsandapostdoctoralscientist，aimstodeveloppolymersthatcanbebrokendownintotheircomponents.Whentheelementforbreakingthemdownisabsentorremoved，thepolymerswillbehighlystableandtheirthermalandmechanicalqualitiescanbetunedtomeettheneedsofvariousapplications.“Thechemicallyrecyclablepolymerswedevelopedshowexcellentthermalstabilityandmechanicalqualitiesandcanbeusedtopreparebothrubberandplastics，”saysWang.“Weexpectthismaterialtobeanattractivecandidatetoreplacecurrentpolymers.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了解决塑料可持续性问题的新方法。5．WhatdoweknowaboutDrJunpengWang’sresearch?A．Ithelpsimprovethelevelofplasticsstability.B．Itshowsplasticsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendly.C．Itoffersmorewidely-usedproductstomanyindustries.D．Ittriestodevelopawaytore