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选择性必修第四册Unit3SeaExploration高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解AOnatriptotheforestsofsouthernIndia，amateurphotographerKaushikVijayanwasshockedtoseesomemassiverodents(啮齿动物)，whoaremaroon(紫褐色)，leapingfromtreetoptotreetop.Vijayanuploadedtheimagesofthefour-poundrodentstoInstagram，andtheInternetwentcrazyimmediately.Somehadadifficulttimebelievingthatthesquirrels，photographedinthePathanamthittaDistrictofKerala，actuallyexist，thankstotheanimals’brightspotsofblackandmaroon.ButtheIndiangiant(巨大的)squirrel，alsoknownastheMalabargiantsquirrel，istherealdeal.Believeitornot，itisnotalone.Therearethreeothergiantsinthesquirrelfamily，Sciuridae—eachofwhichweighsinattwotothreetimesthesizeofthegraysquirrelsnativetotheeasternUnitedStates.“Thefourspeciesthatmakeupthisgrouparefascinatingintheirlargesize，brilliantcoloration，andtendencyforfeedingonsomeofthemassivetropicalfruitsonthetrees，”saysKoprowski.Evenamongitsrelatives，theIndiangiantsquirrelstandsoutwithitsbrightcolors，whichmakesonewonderwhyitsevolutionwouldselectfur.Thatwouldcallsomuchattentiontoitself.Afterall，theseforestsarealsohometopredatorssuchaslion-tailedmacaques，leopards，andcrestedserpenteagles—allofwhichhavebeenknowntohuntrodents.Nooneknowsforsure，saysKoprowski，butthesquirrel’spurplepatternsmayserveasawaytohidetheanimalitself.Thisisbecausethebroadleafforeststhesesquirrelsinhabitcreateapatternofsunspotsandshadedareas—notunliketherodents’markings.Inotherwords，whatlooksflashyandfuntousinanInstagrampostmaymakethesquirrelsdisappearwhenhungrymouthscometohunt.Nowthat’sacommontrick.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。摄影家KaushikVijayan在印度偶然发现了皮毛是紫褐色的巨型松鼠，这让很多网友都感到惊奇。经过研究，研究者认为是生活环境影响了它的身体特征。1．HowdidpeoplefeelafterseeingtheMalabargiantsquirrel’simages?A．Nervous.B．Incredible.C．Embarrassed.D．Sorrowful.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中“Somehadadifficulttimebelievingthatthesquirrels，...actuallyexist”可知，当人们看到它的照片时，应该是难以置信的。故选B。2．WhatmakestheMalabargiantsquirreldifferentfromtherest?A．Itssize.B．Itshabitat.C．Itscolor.D．Itslifestyle.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第五段中“Evenamongitsrelatives，theIndiangiantsquirrelstandsoutwithitsbrightcolors”可知，印度大松鼠的颜色使其与众不同。故选C。3．WhydoestheMalabargiantsquirrelhaveunusualfur?A．Toshowitselfoff.B．Toprotectitself.C．Todriveotheranimalsaway.D．Tocompetewithitscompanions.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第六段中“Nooneknowsforsure，saysKoprowski，butthesquirrel’spurplepatternsmayserveasawaytohidetheanimalitself.”可知，松鼠身上的紫色图案可能是一种隐藏动物自身的方式，即用来保护自己。故选B。4．WhichofthefollowingmaybeapotentialthreattotheMalabargiantsquirrel?A．Humanbeings.B．Rodents’hunting.C．TheInstagrampost.D．Thebroadleafforests.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Inotherwords...maymakethesquirrelsdisappearwhenhungrymouthscometohunt.”可知，人类的狩猎活动可能会让松鼠消失。由此推出，人类是这些松鼠的潜在威胁。故选A。BEverysummerartistsperformatFringe(边缘)Festivalsaroundtheworld.FringeFestivalsareacelebrationofstrangeart.Theyhaveallkindsofperformers—fromdancers，musiciansandactorstoeverythinginbetween.Theshowsgiveartistsachancetocreateunusualart.Forfestivalgoers，eachshowisatimetoexperiencesomethingdifferent.ThefirstFringeFestivalwasheldinEdinburgh，Scotlandin1947.ThatwasalsotheyearofthefirstEdinburghInternationalFestival.ArtistsfromaroundtheworldtraveledtoScotlandfortheEdinburghInternationalFestival.Theyperformedatartscentersthroughoutthecity.Eightlocaltheatercompaniesdidnotreceiveaninvitation，however.Inresponse，theyperformedatsmallerspacesaroundEdinburgh.Theseartistsperformedwherevertheycould，includingbanquetsandevenonthestreet.TheystartedtheirownculturaleventandnamedittheEdinburghFestivalFringe.Whatstartedasanalternativetothemainstreamhasnowbecometheworld’slargestartsfestival.Today，therearehundredsofFringeFestivalstakingplacearoundtheworld.TheoneinWashington，D.C.，calledtheCapitalFringeFestival，isinitstenthyear.ItwasheldinthemonthofJuly.JulianneBrienzafoundedtheCapitalFringeFestival.Shewenttoaschoolfortheperformingarts，butnowseesherselfmainlyasanorganizerofthefestival.Brienzabelievesthatfringeperformanceartisspecialandcanhaveapowerfuleffect.TheCapitalFringeFestivaltakesplaceindifferentlocationsthroughouttheD．C.area.Someperformanceshappenintraditionaltheaters.Othershappeninunusualsettingslikeold，emptybuildingsorstoresafterbusinesshoursareover.BrienzasaysthepurposeofFringeFestivalsistoexplorethelimitsofartinuniqueenvironments.Since2006，theeventhasmademorethan$1.7million.ItisthesecondlargestFringeFestivalintheU．S.anditspopularityhasgrowneveryyear.TheEdinburghFestivalFringecontinuesthroughoutthemonthofAugust.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了边缘艺术节的起源和发展情况。5．WhomaybeinterestedinFringeFestivals?A．Strangeartlovers.B．Professionalartists.C．Classicalmusicians.D．Traditionalculturesupporters.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第一段“FringeFestivalsareacelebrationofstrangeart.Theyhaveallkindsofperformers—fromdancers，musiciansandactorstoeverythinginbetween.”可知，不寻常艺术的爱好者可能对边缘艺术节感兴趣。故选A。6．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A．WhyEdinburghbecametheglobalartcenter.B．HowthefirstFringeFestivalcameintobeing.C．WhentheEdinburghInternationalFestivalwasheld.D．WheretheEdinburghFestivalFringewascelebrated.答案B解析段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，八家当地剧院公司没有收到邀请参加爱丁堡国际艺术节，所以这些艺术家们开始了自己的文化活动，并将其命名为边缘艺术节，所以第二段主要介绍了第一届边缘艺术节是怎样产生的。故选B。7．WhatcanweknowabouttheCapit