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选择性必修第四册Unit5LaunchingYourCareer高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解ABritishsculptorJasonTaylorhasmadeithismissiontousehistalenttoconserveourecosystemsbycreatingunderwatermuseums.Overtheyears，theenvironmentalisthasputover850massiveartworksunderwaterworldwide.OnFebruary1,2021，Taylorlaunchedhislatestwork—TheUnderwaterMuseumofCannes.“Themaingoalwastobringattentiontothefactthatouroceansneedourhelp，”TaylortoldDezeen.“OceanecologyhasbeendestroyedbyhumanactivityintheMediterraneanoverthepastfewdecades，anditisnotobviouswhatistakingplacewhenobservingtheseafromafar.”TheUnderwaterMuseumofCannescontains6sculpturesfeaturinglocalresidentsofvariousages.TheyrangefromMaurice，an80-year-oldfisherman，toAnouk，a9-year-oldstudent.Toweringover6-feet-tallandweighing10tons，thefacesaresectionedintotwoparts，withtheouterpartlikeamask.Themaskindicatesthattheworld’soceansappearpowerfulandunbeatablefromthesurfacebuthouseanecosystemthatisextremelyfragiletocarelesshumanactivities.Thoughthewaterssurroundingthesculpturesnowappearapristineblue，theseabedwasfilledwitholdboatengines，pipes，andotherhuman-madetrashwhentheprojectbeganaboutfouryearsago.Besidesremovingthetrash，Tayloralsorestoredthearea’sseagrass.Justonesquaremeteroftheseagrasscangenerateupto10litersofoxygendaily.Theseagrassalsohelpspreventcoastalerosionandprovideshabitatsformanyoceancreatures.“Theideaofcreatinganunderwatermuseumwastodrawmorepeopleunderwateranddevelopasenseofcareandprotection，”TaylortoldDezeen.“Ifwethrewunwantedwastenearaforest，therewouldbeapublicoutcry.Butthisishappeningeverydayinoursurroundingwatersanditlargelygoesunnoticed.”语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了Taylor创建水下博物馆的初衷以及该项目所产生的积极影响。1．WhydoesJasonTaylorcreateunderwatermuseums?A．Toprotecttheartworksunderwater.B．Todrawattentiontoendangeredseaanimals.C．Toshowhissculpturetalent.D．Toraiseawarenessofprotectingtheocean.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“‘Themaingoalwastobringattentiontothefactthatouroceansneedourhelp，’TaylortoldDezeen.”可知，JasonTaylor建立水下博物馆旨在提高人们保护海洋的意识。故选D。2．Whydoestheouterpartofthesculptureslooklikeamask?A．Topopularizethefeaturesofthelocals.B．Toremindpeopletoprotectthemselves.C．Toreflectpeople’sprotectionoftheocean.D．Tostressthesensitivenessoftheecosystem.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Themaskindicatesthattheworld’soceansappearpowerfulandunbeatablefromthesurfacebuthouseanecosystemthatisextremelyfragiletocarelesshumanactivities.”可知，雕塑的外部看起来像一个面具是为了强调生态系统的敏感性。故选D。3．What’sparagraph4mainlyabout?A．Howtheprojectwasstarted.B．Howtheseagrasswasrestored.C．Whatrecoveryefforttheprojectmade.D．Whythesurroundingswereimproved.答案C解析段落大意题。根据第四段中“thewaterssurroundingthesculpturesnowappearapristineblue...whentheprojectbeganaboutfouryearsago”和“Besidesremovingthetrash，Tayloralsorestoredthearea’sseagrass.”可知，该段主要讲了该项目对海洋环境的恢复做出了很大的努力。故选C。4．WhatcanweinferfromwhatJasonTaylorsaidinthelastparagraph?A．Thesituationoftheoceaniseasilyignored.B．Thedestructioncausedtotheoceanisnoticeable.C．Forestsplayamoreimportantroleinecosystems.D．Peoplehavezerotolerancetodamagedonetonature.答案A解析推理判断题。最后一段中Taylor讲道：如果我们在森林附近扔垃圾，会引起公众的强烈抗议。但这种情况每天都在我们周围的水域发生，而且很大程度上被忽视了。由此可推断出，Taylor想表达的观点是：海洋的处境很容易被忽视。故选A。BTherearesome7,000languagesspokenworldwide，eachunique，usingdifferentsounds，vocabulariesandstructures.CharlestheGreatsaid，“Tohaveasecondlanguageistohaveasecondsoul.”Thisbegsthequestion：Doesthelanguagewespeakshapewhoweare?Asitturnsout，yes.InsocietiessuchastheUnitedStatesorWesternEurope，self-expressionandlanguageprecisionarevalued.Asiancultures，ontheotherhand，preferanindirectformofcommunication.Wordslike“perhaps”and“maybe”areusedmorethan“yes”or“no”．Americanismtakesaninformalapproachtocommunication.Thereforeit’sOKtorefertoastrangerorthebossas“you”．However，theThailanguagehas12formsofthesamepronoun，choosingonedependsonstatus.Inthisway，languagesareessentialinnavigating(导航)anyculture，bethatourownorotherwise.Peoplewhospeakdifferentlanguagesnoticedifferentthings，dependingontheconstructsoftheirmothertongue.Takeanaccident.InEnglish，it’sOKtosay：“Shebroketheglass.”ButinalanguagelikeSpanish，you’dprobablygowith：“Theglassbroke.”Thesameincidentproducestwodifferentresponses.Englishspeakerswillrememberwho’satfault，becausetheirlanguageasksthemto，whileSpanishspeakersaremorelikelytorememberitwasanaccident.Thishasrealconsequences，especiallywhenitcomestocrimeandpunishment.ProfessorJimCumminshaswrittenextensivelyonmothertongues.ForCummins，thestrongerourhomelanguage，theeasieritisforustolearnothers.Ofcourse，researchalsoshowsthatbeingbilingual(会说两种语言的)givespeoplemanyadvantagesinlife.LinguistJulienLeyrewritesthatlearninganotherlanguagedevelopsourabilityto“understandthementalworldofanotherperson，basedonthelanguagetheyuse，andhowthatworldisdifferentfromourown.”Ourmothertongueiscentraltohowwethink，whatweknowandwhoweare.Likeus，languagesarelivingthingsthatchangeovertimeandmustbecaredfortosurvive.Bydoingso，weprotectnotjustthelinguisticstructuresorvocabulariesweuse，buttheculture，knowledgeandpowerbehindthem.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。文章通过引出“Doesthelanguagewespeakshapewhoweare？”这个问题，然后分析原因，最后得出结论：我们的母语对我们至关重要。5．Whydoestheauthormention“Americanism”and“theThailanguage”