第11讲定语从句(模拟精练+真题演练)用适当的单词填空1.(湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学2023年高三试题)Peoplehavethecustomtoshowrespecttocattlebyhittingtheheadofapaper-madecattlewithcoloredwoodensticks,________ismeanttodriveoutthecattle’swinterlazinessandencouragefarmerstoprepareforspringplowing.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意:人们有用彩色木棍击打纸做的牛头以示尊重的习俗,这是为了赶走牛的冬天懒惰,鼓励农民准备春耕。分析句子可知,空格处为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词thecustom,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语,应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。2.(重庆市巴蜀中学2022-2023学年高三试题)“Itcangetreallycrowdedwithcustomers,especiallyonweekends,during______weneedtokeepthedooropenfrom11inthemorningto12midnight,”ashopownersaid.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意:一位店主说:“这里的顾客真的很拥挤,尤其是在周末,我们需要从早上11点开到午夜12点。”此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词weekends,作介词的宾语,指物,故用which引导。故填which。3.(2023届广东省梅州市高三下学期二模英语试题)DuringanunannouncedvisittohimonedayinMay,Wannoticedhisloneliness,_________madehersad.Thenanideacametomindthatshewouldquitherjobtoaccompanyhimandsetouttohelphimrealizesomeofhiswishesonhisbucketlist.【答案】which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:五月的一天,在一次不事先通知的拜访中,Wan注意到他的孤独,这让她很难过。前面整个句子作先行词,且在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语,定语从句由关系代词which引导。故填which。4.(河北省石家庄部分重点高中2023年高三下学期试题)TheUnitedStatesandNorwaylaunchedaGreenShippingChallenge,________encouragesgovernments,portsandcompaniestotransformtheindustryviasustainablemethodsandgreentechnologies.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意:美国和挪威发起了一项绿色航运挑战,鼓励政府、港口和公司通过可持续的方法和绿色技术来改造航运业。此处考查非限制性定语从句,aGreenShippingChallenge为先行词,后接非限制性定语从句,关系代词做主语,为物,应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。5.(2023届广东省名校联盟高三大联考试题)BungeejumpingoriginatedwithanancientadultinitiationceremonyonthePentecostIslandsinVanuatu,________youngmenjumpedoffahighplatformwithvines(葡萄藤)attachedtotheirfeetasatestoftheircourageandpassageintomanhood.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句意:蹦极起源于瓦努阿图的五旬节群岛上的一项古老的成人仪式,年轻男子从一个高高的平台上跳下,脚上系着藤蔓,以考验他们的勇气和成年的道路。根据句子结构可知,该空是非限制性定语从句的关系词,先行词thePentecostIslandsinVanuatu指地点,关系词在定语从句中作状语,故此空为关系副词where。故填where。6.(2023届湖北省高三5月国度省考模拟测试试题)centuries,kitesHavingsurvivedmanyhavebecomeoneofthecountry’srepresentativetraditionalhandicrafts,________makingtechniqueswereincludedinthelistofChina’snationalintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产)in2006.【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。句意同上题。分析句子可知,空格处为非限制性定语从句引导词,先行词是kites,和makingtechniques是所属关系,应使用关系代词whose,故填whose。7.(2023届湖南省长沙市第一中学高三模拟试题)Technologicaltransformationisaffectingthewayin________peoplelearnandchildrengrow.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意:技术变革正在影响人们学习和儿童成长的方式。定语从句修饰先行词theway,且theway在从句中作方式状语,故用inwhich。故填which。8.(2023届河北省衡水中学高三下学期五调试题)Thousandsofyearsago,theyformedthoseancientteaplantations,________arethebestgiftthatnaturehasgrantedus.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意:几千年前,他们形成了那些古老的茶园,这是大自然赐予我们最好的礼物。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词thoseancientteaplantations(指物),从句缺主语,故用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。9.(2023届浙江省91高中联盟年高三5月高考模拟试卷)AmongthecivilianteamsthatleftforTurkeyonWednesdaywasBlueSkyRescue,anonprofitChinesecivilianorganization,________memberscomefromprovincial-levelregionsofChina.【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。句意:见第5题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知,memberscomefromprovincial-levelregionsofChina是定语从句,先行词organization在从句中作定语,用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。10.(2023届哈尔滨师范大学附属中学高三第三次模拟考试)JongMaythoughtitwasher“Chinese-styleprincessdream”________ledherbacktoChina.ShelaunchedacompanyinAprilaimingforthepromotionoftraditionalChineseculturethroughsocialmediavideos.【答案】that【解析】考查定语从句。句意:JongMay认为是她的“中国式公主梦”让她回到了中国。分析句子结构可知,此处为强调句型“itwas...that...”,强调的是句子主语“her“Chinese-styleprincessdream””。故填that。11.(2023届湖北省高三年级5月份联考试题)Thesearethefamouschime-bellsofMarquisYioftheZengState,thelargestandmostcompletesetofchime-bells________existstodayinChina.【答案】that【解析】考查定语从句。句意:这是著名的曾侯仪编钟,是中国现存最大、最完整的编钟。根据句子结构可知,该空是定语从句的关系词,先行词chime-bells指物,在定语从句中作主语,先行词前有最高级修饰,只能用that。故填that。12.(2023届山东省齐鲁名校大联盟高三三模试题)BeccaRodomsky-Bish,________worksattheCornellLabofOrnithologyinNewYork,istheproject’sleader.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意:BeccaRodomsky-Bish在纽约康奈尔鸟类学实验室工作,是该项目的负责人。这里为定语从句的关系词,先行词为“BeccaRodomsky-Bish”,在非限制性定语从句中担当主语,用who。故填who。13.(河北省石家庄市2023年高三第二学期全过程试题)ButwhenIcametothespecialeducationschool,Ievenfoundacompletelyblindteacherwasgivingaclass,________inspiredetoworkhardtobecomeaspecialeducationteacherinthefuture,”Zhangsaid.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意:但当我来到特殊教育学校时,我甚至发现一个完全失明的老师在给我上课,这激励了我努力学习,将来成为一名特殊教育教师。此处是非限定性定语从句,先行词是“acompletelyblindteacherwasgivingaclass”这件事,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。14.(2023届广东省深圳市高三年级二调试题)Thisisaperformance_______requiresextraordinarycourage,skillandstrength.【答案】which/that【解析】考查定语从句的连接词。句意:这是一项需要非凡勇气、技巧和力量的表演。先行词为performance,指物,在定语从句中充当主语成分,从句由关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。15.(2023年浙江宁波镇海中学测试)Topractisecalligraphyrequiresthebasictoolsoffourtreasuresofstudy,writingbrush,inkstick,paper,andinkslabaswellasmuchconcentrationonguidingthesoftwritingbrushchargedwithfluidink,andwritingonthepaper________theinkwilldiffuse(扩散)quickly.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句意:同上。设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词paper,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填where。用适当的单词填空1.(2023年全国乙卷)Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace____63____welcomethefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitecturalwondersstandingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。先行词place,定语从句中关系词充当主语,指代先行词place,故选用关系代词that或which。句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历