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Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．billionn．十亿2．bonen．骨头；骨(质)3．shelln．壳；壳状物4．carvevt.&vi.雕刻5．dynastyn．王朝；朝代6．dialectn．地方话；方言7．tonguen．舌头；语言8．semestern．学期9．petroln．(NAmEgas)汽油10．pantsn．[pl.](BrE)内裤；短裤；(especiallyNAmE)裤子Ⅱ.记重点单词1．nativeadj.本地的n．本地人2．attituden．态度；看法3．systemn．体系；制度；系统4．despiteprep.即使；尽管5．factorn．因素；要素6．symboln．符号；象征7．meansn．方式；方法；途径8．classicadj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的n．经典作品；名著9．regardn．尊重；关注vt.把……视为；看待10．charactern．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点11．calligraphyn．书法；书法艺术12．affairn．公共事务；事件；关系13．strugglen．&vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗14．subwayn．(BrEunderground)地铁15．apartmentn．(especiallyNAmE)公寓套房16．gapn．间隔；开口；差距17．vocabularyn．词汇Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．referencen．指称关系；参考→refervi.提到；参考；查阅vt.查询；叫……求助于2．basedadj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→basevt.以……为基础n．底部；根据→basisn．基础→basicadj.基础的3．varietyn．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→varyv．变化；不同→variousadj.各种各样的4．majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的n．主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究→majorityn．大多数5．globaladj.全球的；全世界的→globen．地球；地球仪6．appreciatevt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值→appreciationn．感激；欣赏→appreciativeadj.感激的7．specificadj.特定的；明确的；具体的→specificallyadv.特定地；明确地8．begvt.恳求；祈求；哀求→beggarn．乞丐9．equaln．同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同样的→equallyadv.平等地→equalityn．平等10．demandn．要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要vi.查问→demandingadj.要求高的11．descriptionn．描写(文字)；形容→describevt.描述12．relatevt.联系；讲述→relatedadj.相关的→relationn．关系→relationshipn．关系1．appealv．对……有吸引力；将……上诉；呼吁2．appetiten．食欲；嗜好3．approachvt.&vi.接近；靠近n．方法4．appropriateadj.适当的；恰当的5．approvevt.批准；通过vi.赞成6．approximatelyadv.大约7．arbitraryadj.任意的；武断的8．assessvt.评定；估价Ⅳ.背核心短语1．referto指的是；描述；提到；查阅2．upsanddowns浮沉；兴衰；荣辱3．dateback(to...)追溯到4．pointofview观点；看法5．relateto与……相关；涉及；谈到6．beknownfor因为……而著名7．atthebeginning起初8．leadto导致9．playarolein在……中发挥作用10．havetroublewith在……方面有困难11．getusedto(doing)sth习惯于(做)某事12．dependon依靠，依赖Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible，butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.(why引导的定语从句)这之所以成为可能有很多原因，其中一个主要因素是汉字的书写体系。2．EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.(where引导的定语从句)秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。3．ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.(beof＋抽象名词)那种书写体系在凝聚中华民族和中华文化方面具有重要意义。4．Eventoday，nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak，theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.(“nomatter＋疑问词”引导的状语从句)即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。5．WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeansbywhichChina’spresentisconnectedwithitspast.(“介词＋which”引导的定语从句)汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。6．AsChinaplaysagreaterroleinglobalaffairs，anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina’scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.(as引导的时间状语从句)随着中国在全球事务中扮演着越来越重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。despite，refer，specific，demand，relate，appreciate，variety，datebacktoWhen1.____________toEnglish，weknowEnglishiswidelyusedinglobalaffairs.NomatterwhatkindofEnglishpeoplearespeaking，nativespeakershavenotroubleunderstandingthewordslike“gas”，“petrol”，“subway”，“apartment”，“pants”，“semester”andotherwords2.____________thesmalldifferencesinvocabulary.ButstudentswhosemothertongueisnotEnglisharestrugglingwithbillionsofwords.Ontheotherhand，fromforeigners’pointsofview，Chineseisregardedasa3.____________language.Firstly，themajorlanguagewhichiscalledPuTongHuainChinaishardenoughtolearn，letalone4.____________ofdialects.Secondly，Chinesecharactersareabstractsymbolsforthem.Thewritingsystem,5.____________________theShangDynastywhenpeoplecarvedsomethingwith6.____________meaningsonbonesorshells，islikestrangepictures.However，basedonthecommon7.____________ofthesecharacters，someclassicworksarestillreadnowandbythismeanswecanknowmoreabouttheupsanddownsinancienttimes.Besides，calligraphyisalsoanartformclosely8.____________toChineseculture.Ibegallthepeopleholdapositiveattitudetobothlanguages，whichareofequalimportance.Tobridgethegapbetweencultures，bynomeansshouldwegiveuplearningthemwell.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇refervi.提到；参考；查阅vt.查询；叫……求助于(referencen．提及，涉及；参考；参考书目)•referto指的是；描述；提到；查阅refer...to...把……提交给……；让(人)参考……referto...as...把……称作……•in/withreferencetosb/sth关于referencebooks/material参考书/参考资料(1)Hereferred________thesystemthatwasrelatedtothewelfareofbillionsofpeopleattheconference.(2)Theyalwaysrefertome________abookwormbecauseIamalwaysaddictedtoavarietyofbooks.(3)我写信寻求您的关于什么样的中国传统文化最吸引外国人的建议。(2021·全国甲，书面表达)Iamwritingtoaskforyouradvice____________________________________________.(4)如果你遇到了不认识的字，我强烈建议你查阅参考书或者向他人求助。(应用文写作之建议信)Ifyoumeetwiththecharactersyoudon’tknow，Istronglysuggestthat___________________.basevt.以……为据点；以……为基础n．底部；根据(basicadj.基本的；基础的basisn．基础)•base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上bebasedon/upon...以……为基础•onadaily/regularbasis每天/定期onthebasisof在……的基础上(1)Onthe________(base)ofwhatyoushow，Ifirmlybelievethatyoucanbequalifiedfortheposition.(2)队员们需要每天放学后接受训练，他们也有机会定期观摩乒乓球赛。Teammembersneedtoreceivetrainingafterschooleverydayandthey____________________.(3)我写信告知你一些基本的餐桌礼仪。基于中国的传统风俗，你应该先让长者用餐。(应用文写作之告知信)Iamwritingtoinformyouof________________________________.____________，youshouldlettheelderlyeatfirst.majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的vi.主修，专门研究n．主修课程；主修学生(majorityn．大部分；大多数)•majorin主修……•anEnglishmajo