1考点11现在分词(核心考点精讲精练)1.三年真题考点分布考点题型现在分词语法填空2023试卷类型现在分词考点2023·新高考Ⅰ卷wanting现在分词作宾补2023·新高考Ⅱ卷visiting现在分词作定语2023·全国乙卷Havingvisited现在分词作状语2023·全国甲卷borrowing现在分词作状语20222022·新高考I卷Covering现在分词作状语2022·全国甲卷planning现在分词作状语2022·全国高考乙卷inviting现在分词作状语2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷falling现在分词作定语20212021新课标II卷thinking现在分词作状语2021浙江卷1月living现在分词作定语2.命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于现在分词的考查共计10次,主要考查:1.现在分词作状语;2.现在分词作定语;3.现在分词作宾补;4.现在分词的各种形式及其意义。【备考策略】系统归类现在分词的用法,尤其是现在分词作定语和状语;熟练掌握现在分词的各种形式的意义和用法。【命题预测】语法填空对现在分词的考查仍然会成为高考的重点,主要集中考查现在分词作定语和状语。一、现在分词形式1.一般式(1)主动式doing(2)被动式beingdone2.完成式(1)主动式havingdone(2)被动式havingbeendone2当非谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时,就用完成式。当非谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动作之后时,或与主句谓语动作同时发生时,就用一般式。二、何时用现在分词?1.vt.(及物动词)后有宾语时,非谓语动词用doing.2.vi.(不及物动词)非谓语动词用doing.3.vi.+介词+宾语时,非谓语动词用doing.重难点知识:考点1现在分词作状语1.(2023·全国乙卷语法填空)66.(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,Iwasamazedbytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.2.(2023·全国甲卷语法填空)Carsonusesasimple,directstylecommontofable.Infact,herstyleandtone(口吻)areseeminglydirectedatchildren.“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,wherealllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulco-existencewithitssurroundings,”herfablebegins,(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.【方法指导】1.作状语的分词要求其逻辑主语与句子的主语保持一致。2.如句子的主语是分词动作的发出者,就用现在分词形式(doing)。3.若现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,则用现在分词的完成形式(havingdone)。4.若与句中主语为逻辑上的动宾关系,且先于谓语动词动作发生,用现在分词完成式的被动形式(havingbeendone)。5.独立成分作状语【时间状语】1.(2023·江苏省泰州中学调研)It’susefultobeabletomakesnowwhennaturedoesn’tprovideenough.Butartificialsnowissurelynotthesameasnaturalsnow,whichhasmoreairandlesswater.Anathleteusedtonaturalsnowmighthavetoadjusttheirstylewhen________(perform)onman-madesnow.【伴随状语】2.(2023·浙江省名校协作体统考)Dingworkedonaprojectcalled“TheInvisibleAreSignificant”,___58___(hope)morestudentswouldrespectthe“invisible”staff.【结果状语】3.(2023·江苏省南通市如皋市调研)YongyonggavebirthtoherfirstcubonAug17,2020,______(become)theyoungestpandamotheratthecenter.【结果状语】4.(2023·湖北省模拟)________(survive)manycenturies,kiteshavebecomeoneofthecountry’srepresentativetraditionalhandicrafts,whosemakingtechniqueswereincludedinthelistofChina’snationalintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产)in2006.3考点2现在分词作定语(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷语法填空)Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto60.(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.【方法指导】现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主动关系,表示该动作的主动和进行。[名师点津]表示心理状态的动词-ing形式,意为“令人……的”;动词-ed形式,意为“(人)感到……的”,也可修饰体现内心感受的look,expression,tears,smile,voice等名词。1.(2023·河北省秦皇岛市部分学校摸底)HerworkfeaturedagiantRubik’scube.Eachsquareofthecubeshowedthings________(represent)Chinesehistoryandcontemporarydevelopment,suchasthecompass,traditionalmedicinebooks,theGreatWall,andtheShenzhouspaceship.2.【江苏省扬州中学2022-2023学年高三下学期入学测试】Themedalsareinspiredbyyubi,aChinesejadeartifact________(date)back5,000years.Atotaloffiveofthiskindofjadehavebeenunearthedfromatombuptonow.考点3现在分词作宾补1.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteamerisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft(want)morenexttime.2.[2020·海南卷]Notseeingorhearinganyfireengines________(approach),Grantrushedtoasideentranceandranupthestairs.【方法指导】1.感官动词(词组)see,watch,observe,lookat,notice,hear,listento,feel的宾语补足语有四种形式,以see为例:(1)see+宾语+do/doing/done/beingdone(2)have+宾语+宾补(3)get+宾语+宾补1.(2023·江苏省连云港市调研)However,withChinesewriting______(become)increasinglystandardizedandsimplified,itbecameatraditiontouseXiaozhuanforseals.2.(2023·江苏省盐城中学模拟)WithChina___________(roar)intothedigitalage,nearlyeverythinghasmovedonline—frommakingappointmentstobuyingtraintickets.3.(2023·浙江月考)Withtheholiday________(靠近),theexperts'suggestionthatticketsbebookedonlineisveryimportant.【关键能力】现在分词与语法填空:在语法填空中,现在分词是必考内容。4[应对策略]非谓语动词是历年高考语法填空的必考点。如果句中已有谓语动词,并确定所给动词要填写为非谓语动词,就要考虑是v.-ing形式、过去分词形式还是动词不定式。1.首先分析句子结构,若句子中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时,需考虑非谓语动词。然后分析非谓语动词在句中作何成分,再根据各非谓语动词特点确定填哪种形式。对于不定式的考查,需注意不定式的时态和语态,熟记常考跟不定式作宾语的动词以及一些常考句式。2.现在分词作状语,表示自然而然的结果或伴随,且与句子主语构成逻辑上的主动关系;现在分词作定语表示动作的主动进行行为或正在进行中;动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性动作;此外,应熟记能用动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语。3.过去分词可作状语、定语或补语,表示被动与完成;若作表语常考的为形容词性化的过去分词;过去分词不可作主语或宾语。4.其次,还可以从分析句子成分角度,确定所填非谓语动词的形式:(1)作主语,v.-ing形式与不定式一般可以互换,意义无多大区别;但在疑问句和句型“Thereisno+主语”中,主语需用动名词而不用不定式。(2)作目的状语或在形容词后作状语,一般用不定式。(3)作伴随状语,通常用分词:与逻辑主语是主动关系,用现在分词;与逻辑主语是被动关系,用过去分词。(4)作宾语,通常用动名词或不定式,介词后面要用动名词。(5)作定语:不定式表将来;现在分词表进行;过去分词表被动与完成。(6)作宾语补足语:不定式表动作全过程;现在分词表主动或进行;过去分词表被动或完成。(7)独立主格和with复合结构的非谓语动词要考虑与复合宾语的逻辑关系。1.[2020·海南卷]Hekickeditwideopen,________(find)afrightenedwomaninawheelchairwithalittleboyandatinybaby.2.[2020·海南卷]Clutching(抓牢)thebabytohischestand________(drag)theboyalongside,Grantrandownthehallway.基础过关(最新模拟试题演练)1.(2023·粤湘鄂名校联盟高三第一次联考)InDecember2014,JingdezhenwasofficiallyapprovedbyUNESCOandjoinedtheCreativeCityNetwork,________(gain)itselfthe“CityofCraftsandFolkArt”title.2.(2023·云南省昆明市高三摸底)Forexample,wecanhavevariousonlineclassesfromthebestteacherswithoutleavingourhome,________(make)ourlearningmoreconvenient.3.(2023·江西省高三摸底考试)After________(see)thebeautifulflowers,wehadteaandsnackstogetheronthebenchesoverlookingthewidemountainandskylandscape.4.(2023·湖南省益阳市质量检测)ZhengHe’seffortshelpeddevelopharmoniousrelatio