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1考点15定语从句（核心考点精讲精练）1.三年真题考点分布考点题型定语从句语法填空2023试卷类型定语从句考点2023·全国乙卷that/whcih关系代词2023·全国甲卷as非限定性定语从句2023·全国甲卷that/who关系代词20222022·新高考I卷where关系副词2022·全国甲卷who非限定性定语从句2022年浙江1月that/who关系代词20212021新课标II卷that/which关系代词2.命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于定语从句的考查共计8次，主要考查：1．定语从句中的关系代词；2．定语从句中关系副词；3.非限制性定语从句的关系词；4.定语从句的先行词；5.定语从句中的主谓一致；6.定语从句中的时态。【备考策略】系统归类定语从句的用法，尤其是关系代词和关系副词的用法；熟练掌握定语从句的相关考点。【命题预测】2024年语法填空对定语从句的考查仍然是重点，主要集中考查关系代词和关系副词。必备基础知识：在主从复合句中，修饰或限制某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。A.先行词+连词（关系代词）+陈述句who【先行词为人。主语、宾语。】whom【先行词为人。宾语。】that【先行词为物/人。主语、宾语。】which【先行词为物。主语、宾语。】B.地方+where(状语)+陈述句【where=at/on/inwhich】2时间+when(状语)+陈述句【when=at/on/inwhich】C.先行词（物/人）+whose+名词…whose:某人的/某物的D.先行词(人)+介词+whom+陈述句先行词(物)+介词+which+陈述句重难点知识：考点1关系代词引导的定语从句1.（2023·全国乙卷）Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplacewelcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitecturalwondersstandingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.2.[2021·浙江1月]They’retheonlything_______lookslikehumanlanguageinthatrespect.3.[2019·上海卷]Thebabyturtlesemergefromtheeggsafter45—0days,thenthebabiesgrowwithouttheirmother,_______isararephenomenoninnature.4.[2019·上海卷]Formoreinformationaboutourprogram,pleasevisitourwebsite,orcontactourUndergraduateChair,________informationislistedabove.【方法指导】1．who和whom指人，who在定语从句中作主语；whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。在口语中可用who代替whom。2．whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语，指物时可用ofwhich代替，指人时可用ofwhom代替。3．that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，作宾语或表语时可省略。4．which指物，在定语从句中作主语和宾语，作宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可省略。另外，which可用来指代前面句子的部分或全部内容。5．下列情况只用that不用which：①先行词是all，something，everything，anything，nothing，little，much，few等不定代词；②先行词被all，any，every，no，little，much，some等词修饰；③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词；④先行词被theonly，thevery(正是，恰是)，thelast修饰；⑤先行词中既有人也有物；⑥在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句。1.（2023·广东省高三开学大联考）ThetypicalChinesealcoholicbeverageisbaijiu,________ismadefromvariousgrains.2.（2023·内蒙古包头市高三调研）PabloPicassoisoneofthemostfamousartistsintheworld,_______fullnameisreallyalongone,infactamixtureofmanynames.3.（2023·江苏省四所名校高三期中联考）Hisreplyto“CanweChinesepossiblymakemissiles?”wasadetermined“Whynot?WeChineseareabletomakethesamethings_______otherpeoplemake.”34.（2023·湖南省雅礼十六校第一次联考）“Hello,Mr.Herriot.”Iheardhisvoice.Iturnedablankgazeonhim—Ijusthadnoidea________hewasthoughhisfacewasfamiliar.考点2关系副词引导的定语从句1.（2023·全国甲卷）Carsonusesasimple,directstylecommontofable.Infact,herstyleandtone(口吻)areseeminglydirectedatchildren.“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulco-existencewithitssurroundings,”herfablebegins,borrowingsomefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.2.【2016·全国新课标I】ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,____65_IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.【方法指导】1．先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词，从句中缺少状语时用关系副词when，where，why。有时可用“介词＋which”结构替换。2．当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词仍用which/that。3．当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如point，situation，case，stage等，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果作主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which。1.（2023·粤湘鄂名校联盟高三第一次联考）TheseeventshavetransformedJingdezhenintoanincredibleplatformfordiversifiedcooperationandcommunication,________youngartistictalentsaredrawntoitsflamelikemoths.2.（2023·江苏省徐州市第七中学学情调研）However,hecouldnotforgetaboutanearliertime________hisvillagehadbeenstrugglingwithaseriousairqualityproblem.【变式】1.（2021·天津南开区·南开中学高三二模）Salesdirectorisaposition________communicationabilityisjustasimportantassales.A．whichB．whereC．whenD．why【变式】22.（2021·山东）Idon’tknowthereason____heleftwithoutsayinganything.A．whenB．whereC．whyD．which【变式】3（2021·天津高三期末）Weoftenreachapointinourlife______weshouldbereadyforchangethatwillhelpusunlockourself-improvementpower.A．whenB．thatC．asD．which考点3“介词＋关系代词”引导的41.【2021·天津3月高考】WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakes________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.A．fromwhichB．inwhichC．withwhomD．forwhom2.（2021·天津红桥区·高三一模）Learninganotherlanguageislikesteppingoutofadoor,______Icanlookbackandseemoreclearlymyownlanguage.A．BywhichB．throughwhichC．whichD．onwhich【方法指导】1．若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。另外，whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whose＋名词”结构。2．该结构中介词的选用(1)一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：①先行词的意义；②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配；③句子的意思。(2)表示“整体和部分关系”，介词常用of。常见结构：①在some，any，few，little，none，all，both，neither，many，most，each等代词或数词的前、后可以用ofwhich/whom。②the＋比较级或最高级前、后用ofwhich/whom等。(3)有时“介词＋where”可以引导定语从句，此时要和“介词＋which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。1.（2021·天津滨海新区·高三三模）TheZhuangisanethnicgroup________thepopulationisthelargestofallethnicgroupsinChina.A．ofwhomB．ofwhichC．ofwhoD．ofthat2.（2021·天津河北区·高三二模）Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree______theycanbecontrolled.A．onwhichB．bywhichC．towhichD．fromwhich考点4as，which引导的定语从句1.（2023·全国甲卷）Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow”.2.（2023·江苏省无锡市）Ifeveryoneonyourteamisworkingdifferenthours,youmaybegettingemailsandmessagesatallhoursoftheday,nightorweekend,_______cancreateanalwaysavailable,oralways-on”environment.【方法指南】1．as作关系代词用来引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”，as引导的句子可放在句首、句末或句中。2．as常用在下列习惯用语中：5as(it)oftenhappens，asIremember，asisoftenthecase，asisexpected，asisknowntous，asissh