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资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】易错点16阅读理解词义猜测题目录01易错陷阱（3大陷阱）02举一反三【易错点提醒一】词义/词组指代易混易错点【易错点提醒二】代词指代猜测易混易错点【易错点提醒三】句意猜测易混易错点03易错题通关易错陷阱1：词义/词组指代易混易错点。【分析】这类题错误主要因为基础词汇量积累和词根词缀积累不足，根据构词法猜词是阅读理解必不可少的能力。平时应当大量积累单词，同时利用前后的同位关系或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。易错陷阱2：代词指代猜测易混易错点。【分析】阅读材料中的每个词与它前面的词语或句子甚至段落都有着密切的关联。有时代词与指代的对象相隔较远，应当对前面提到的内容进行总结，认真查找，才能得出代词所指代的事。易错陷阱3：句意猜测易混易错点。【分析】此类题型应当定位画线句子，充分利用语法和逻辑关系分析原句。同时分析理解画线句前后的语境，合理归纳总结找出与原句意思相同的选项并代入画线处验证。切不可因为句中出现熟词，而脱离语境，望文生义。资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【易错点提醒一】词义/词组指代易混易错点【例1】（湖南省常德市临澧一中2023-2024学年高三阶段试题）SheprogrammedanIBM7030Stretchcomputer,providingfastercalculationsforanaccurateEarthmodel.ThisdetailedmathematicalmodeloftheshapeoftheEarthwasabuildingblockforwhatwouldbecometheGPSorbit.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“abuildingblock”inparagraph5mean?A．Abasicpart.B．Adetailedmap.C．Abuildingmaterial.D．Amajorobstacle.易错分析：脱离语境，只记得熟词意思误选C，应根据for之后句意及上句的意思判断熟词生义。【答案】A【解析】词句猜测题。划线词句前文“SheprogrammedanIBM7030Stretchcomputer,providingfastercalculationsforanaccurateEarthmodel.(她编写了一台IBM7030Stretch计算机，为精确的地球模型提供了更快的计算。)”说明这个数学模型是GPS的基础，从而推知划线词句“(这个关于地球形状的详细数学模型是GPS轨道的abuildingblock。)”其中划线短语应为“基石”的意思，与A项同义。故选A项。【变式1】（吉林省长春市第二实验中学2023-2024学年高三试题）Alistenerwhoseheadisinsome“sweetspot”hearshigh-qualitysound.Butasonegelsfartherfromthesweetspot,thesounddiminishes.That’sbecausesoundwavesfromdifferentloudspeakersinteracttocancelouteachother’ssound.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminishes”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Becomeslower.B．Travelsfaster.C．Getssweeter.D．Soundsnicer.易错分析：不能看出画线部分词根中mini含义“微型，袖珍的”，且未能关注上句but前后两句话之间的转折意义是错误主要原因。资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文内容以及后句“That’sbecausesoundwavesfromdifferentloudspeakersinteracttocancelouteachother’ssound.（这是因为来自不同扬声器的声波相互作用，相互抵消对方的声音）”可知，这种技术是通过降噪处理消除对别人的干扰，因此推断划线句句意：但当你远离最佳点时，声音就会减弱。故判断该词义为“声音变小”。故选A。【变式2】（湖北省高中名校联盟2023-2024学年高三联合测评试题）Actually,untilherpregnancyQuarleshadbeenlivingatbreakneckspeed.Itwentsountillastyear.“Iwasexhausted,”shesays.“I’dbeenworkingthreejobs,doingmycharityandgoingnonstop.Iwasafraidmymentalhealthwasgettingworse.”......Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“breakneck”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Safeandslow.B．Fastanddangerous.C．Excitingandterrifying.D．Gentleandcomfortable.易错分析：受break的熟词词义影响，脱离语境误选A。根据Actually的逻辑转折意义，及下文引述的话可推知逻辑含义。【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“AliciaQuarleshasherhandsfullthesedays—bothofthem,atallhoursofthedayandnight.(这些天艾丽西亚·夸尔斯忙得不可开交——无论是白天还是晚上)”及划线词下文““Iwasexhausted,”shesays.“I’dbeenworkingthreejobs,doingmycharityandgoingnonstop.Iwasafraidmymentalhealthwasgettingworse.”(“我筋疲力尽，”她说。“我一直在做三份工作，做慈善，不停地工作。我担心我的心理健康状况会越来越差。”)”可知，夸尔斯工作繁忙，生活速度非常快，以至于筋疲力尽。由此推知，划线词breakneck与Fastanddangerous(快速危险)意思接近。故选B。【变式3】（广东省揭阳市普宁市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）Inearly2021,Ihitarutinmystudies.AsadoctoralcandidateattheUniversityofChicagoinIllinois,Iworkedtodesignsafer,moreeffectivematerialsforvaccinedelivery.AlthoughIhadbeen资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】productiveearlyinmygraduatecareer,mylonghoursandhardworkwerenolongertranslatingintosuccessinthelaboratory,andIfelthopelessaboutachievingmygoals.Somethinghadtochange.......Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“hitarut”inparagraph1mean?A．Stoppedprogressingsmoothly.B．Hadveryslowreactions.C．Acceptedhardwork’svalue.D．Overcameabigproblem.【答案】A【解析】词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“AlthoughIhadbeenproductiveearlyinmygraduatecareer,mylonghoursandhardworkwerenolongertranslatingintosuccessinthelaboratory,andIfelthopelessaboutachievingmygoals.Somethinghadtochange.(虽然我在研究生生涯的早期很有成效，但我的长时间和辛勤工作不再转化为实验室的成功，我对实现自己的目标感到绝望。有些事情必须改变。)”可知，我在学业上遇到了瓶颈，所以划线部分的短语是停止顺利进行的意思。故选A项。【易错点提醒二】代词指代猜测易混易错点【例2】（安徽省皖江名校联盟2023年高三联考）ThecreatorsofthewallhopeitwillbringanurgentlyneededsolutiontothethreatsfacingtheAfricancontinent,creating10millionjobsinruralareas,aswellaspreventing250milliontonsofcarbon.TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.“TheGreatGreenWall…isaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,”saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnionCommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.“Butthistimetheyidentify.Thisistheverythingofus!”Whatdoes“us”underlinedinParagraph3referto?A．AfricanUnions.B．Alladvocates.C．Landowners.D．AllAfricans.易错分析：本题容易脱离话题，主观臆断。不可烦躁，浮于表面，应严密查找上文语句和词语之间的逻辑联系。资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【答案】D【导语】词句猜测题。根据第三段“TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.(这一倡议是非洲驱动的，对非洲大陆的人来说至关重要，可能是成功的关键)”以及““TheGreatGreenWall…isaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,”saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnionCommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.“Butthistimetheyidentify.Thisistheverythingofus!”(“绿色长城……是关于所有权的问题，而这正是发展援助的失败之处，因为人们从未认同它，”非洲联盟撒哈拉和萨赫勒绿色长城倡议专员埃尔维斯·保罗·坦加姆说。“但这一次他们认同了。这就是我们的本性！)”可知，此处的us指“所有的非洲人”。故选D项。【变式2】（湖南省常德市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）RegulatorylimitsforhowmuchPFASfoodpackagingshouldcontaincanvarygreatly.Forinstance,anewlawinCaliforniasetthelimitatlessthan100ppm.“ComparedtoAmerica,Denmarksetsamuchlowerregulatorylimitof20ppmwithgreatsuccess,”saidXeniaTrier,anexpertattheEuropeanEnvironmentAgency.“Itdoesworktosetlimitsandenfo