必修4unit2working-the-land单词讲解

Unit2Workingtheland●重点单词1．strugglevt.&vi.斗争；拼搏；努力2．outputn．产量；输出3．hungern．饥饿；欲望→hungryadj.饥饿的；有欲望的4．expandvt.&vi.使变大；伸展；阐述→expansionn．扩大；增加5．circulatevt.&vi.循环；流传→circulationn．循环流通6．battlen．战役；战斗；较量；斗争vt.&vi.搏斗；奋斗7．thereforeadv.因此；所以；因而8．equipvt.&vi.配备；装备→equipmentn．设备(不可数)9．exportvt.&vi.输出；出口→importvt.&vi.输入；入口；进口10．nationalityn．国籍→nationn．国家；民族→nationaladj.国家的；国有的11．occupationn．工作；职业；占领→occupyvt.占领12．confusevt.使迷惑；使为难→confusingadj.令人迷惑的→confusedadj.感到迷惑的→confusionn．迷惑13．regretvt.遗憾；后悔n．遗憾；后悔→regretfuladj.14．chemicaladj.化学的；关于化学的→chemistryn．化学→chemistn．化学家；药剂师15．bacterian．(bacterium的复数形式)细菌16．reducevt.减少；缩减；简化→reductionn．缩小；减少17．summaryn．总结；摘要；概要→summarizevt.总结18．commentn．评论；议论vi.&vt.表达意见；作出评论●重点短语1．thanksto幸亏；由于2．rid...of摆脱；除去3．besatisfiedwith对……感到满意4．wouldrather宁愿；宁可5．buildup逐渐增强；建立；开发6．leadto导致；造成7．focuson集中(注意力、精力等)于8．keep...freefrom/of使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物)9．makeadifference造成差异，很重要10．keepinmind牢记在心11．causedamageto对……造成危害12．inaddition再者，还有13．turnto转向strugglevt.搏斗；斗争；努力；挣扎n．斗争；挣扎strugglefor为争取……而斗争strugglewith与……斗争struggleagainst与……斗争；为反对……而斗争struggletodosth.努力/争取……=makegreateffortstodosth.strugglethrough奋力通过struggletoone‘sfeet挣扎着站起来struggleon/along(虽艰难仍)继续做某事语境活用1.Unluckily，thefarmershavesufferedaheavydroughtthisyear.Theyhaveto(为……而努力)aliving.Theyare(与……抗争)thebadweatherforabetterharvest.Anyway，theyare(努力)increasetheirincome.However，thefinancialcrisisaddstotheirdifficulties.Asaresult，theyhavetoface(为……而抗争)existence.2Sheandcontinuedwalking.她挣扎着站起来，继续走。struggleforstrugglingwithstrugglingtothestruggleforstruggledtoherfeetexpandvt.&vi.使变大；伸展；阐述expansiveadj.扩张性的；开展性的；广阔的expandinto/to使扩大，变大expandon/upon阐述，详谈Weshouldconstantlybroadenourviewsandexpandourknowledge.我们要不断地开拓自己的眼界、增长见识。[即学即练2](1)Metals________whentheyareheated.金属受热会膨胀。(2)We've__________________________byopeningtwomorestores.我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务。(3)Irepeatedthequestionandwaitedforherto_________.我把问题重复了一遍，等着她进行充分阐述。expandexpandedthebusinessexpandthereforeadv.(＝asaresultofthat)因此；所以[即学即练3]Hewasverytiredand__________hefellsoundasleep.＝Hewasverytired.__________hefellsoundasleep.＝Hewasverytired,______hefellsoundasleep.他累得很，因此睡得很熟。thereforeThereforeso提示：therefore是副词，不能引导从句，两个句子之间要用连词或者句号；而so是连词，可接从句。4．equipvt.&vi.配备；装备equipmentn.[U]装备；设备apieceofequipment一件设备equipsb./sth.withsth.用某物装备某人/物beequippedwithsth.装备有某物equipsb.todosth.使某人能够做某事[即学即练4](1)Ourclassroom____________________aTVsetandataperecorder.我们的教室里配有一台电视和一台录音机。(2)Agoodeducationshould________________________.良好的教育能使你受用终生。(3)Ourschoolhasbeengiven______________________.我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。isequippedwithequipyouforlifesomenewequipmentconfusevt.使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆(1)confuse...and/with...把……和……混淆(2)confusionn．混乱；迷惑(3)confusedadj.困惑的，烦恼的(以人作主语)(4)confusingadj.令人费解的；使人困惑的(以物作主语)Judgingfromhis________expression，hedidn’tunderstandthe________problemreferringtoteenagers’mentalhealth.答案：confused；confusingregretv．可惜，后悔，遗憾；惋惜；n.遗憾，抱feelregretfulfor....对……感到后悔(1)regrethavingdonedoingsth.后悔做了某事regrettosay/tell/inform...that遗憾地说告知……regretthat从句遗憾……Itistoberegrettedthat...可惜的是……，令人遗憾的是……(2)withgreat/deepregret很遗憾toone’sregret让某人感到遗憾的是①It’snouseregrettingwhatyouhavedone.后悔你做过的事情没有用。②IregretthatIamunabletoacceptyourkindinvitation.很遗憾，我不能接受你的友好邀请。③Ihavealwaysregrettednothavingstudiedharderatschool.我一直后悔在校期间没能努力学习。④Wethink，muchtoourregret，thatwewillnotbeabletovisityounextyear.让我们深感遗憾的是，我们认为明年不能去拜访你了。⑤Weregrettoinformyouthatyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.我们很遗憾的通知您，您的申请未通过。[即学即练5](1)Heregretted_______________careless.＝Heregretted________________________careless.他对于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。(2)Iregret____________youthatweareunabletoofferyouemployment.我遗憾地通知你，我们不能雇用你。(3)________________________，Imustleavenow.令我很遗憾的是，我现在必须离开了。(4)Weheard____________thatyouwerenotsuccessfulinyourplan.听到你的计划不能顺利进行，我们觉得很可惜。havingbeenthathehadbeentoinformMuchtomyregretwithregret—Robertisindeedawiseman.—Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted________hisadvice!A．totakeB．takingC．nottotakeD．nottaking解析：regret(not)doing/havingdonesth.表示“后悔(没)做(了)某事”。答案：D—MrBlack，whataboutmyapplication?—Oh，Iregret________youthatithasn’tbeensuccessful.A．tellingB．totellC．havingtoldD．said解析：句意为：——布莱克先生，我的申请如何？——噢，我很遗憾地告诉你，它未通过。由句意可知为“遗憾地要去干某事”，故选择regrettodo的形式。答案：Bfocusn．(兴趣、活动等的)中心；焦点v．(使)集中，聚集；(使)聚焦beinfocus焦距对准；清晰beoutoffocus焦距没对准；模糊focussth.on(upon)sth.＝fix...on...使……集中于……befocusedon/uponsth.＝befixedon集中于……[即学即练6](1)The____________mycameraisn‘tworkingproperly.我照相机上的调焦装置有毛病。(2)Herbeautymakesher__________________________.她长得漂亮，很惹人注意。(3)Weshould___________________________ourstudy.我们应该把注意力放在学习上。(4)Shefeltalltheeyes_____________________her.她觉得所有人都在注视着她。focusonthefocusofattentionfocusourattentiononwerefocusedonreducevt.减少；缩减；简化bereducedtodespair陷入绝望reduceto...降至……reduceby...减少了……[即学即练7](1)Hepersuadedthemto______theprice______$1000.他设法使他们的价格降到1000美元。(2)Productioncostshave____________________onethird.生产成本下降了1/3。(3)Thefire__________theforest______afewtrees.大火把森林烧得仅剩下几棵树了。reducetobeenreducedbyreducedtocommentvt.评论n．评论，意见，议论havea/some/anycomment(s)on/aboutsth.对……有评论、意见Nocommen