复合不定代词的用法

复合不定代词的用法：由some,any,every,no,加thing,body,one构成的词叫不定代词，它们共有12个(其中noone例外)，即：something,anything,everything,nothing,somebody,anybody,everybody,nobody,someone,anyone,everyone,noone(none).①something,somebody,someone通常用于肯定句中，something意为“某物，某事”。Somebody,someone意为“某人”。在否定句或疑问句中，他们通常要用anything,anybody,anyone代替。Eg:“Icanhearsomething!”saidLucy,“Doesanybodyliveonthisisland?”Isthereanyoneontheisland?Can’tyouhearanything?②anything,anybody,anyone用于肯定句中时分别表示不“任何东西，任何事情，任何人”。Eg:Anybodycandoitwell.任何人都可以把它做好。Youcantakeanythingifyoulike.如果你喜欢，可以拿任何东西。Something,somebody,someone可用在表示请求，建议，反问等语气的疑问句中，问话者往往希望得到肯定答复。-Isomeonenearus?我们附近有人吗？-No.没人。-Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?你想要些喝的东西吗？-Yes,please.是的。③nothing,nobody通常用于肯定句中，表示否定的意思。Nothing意为“没有什么事情，没有东西”，nobody意为“没有人”。Eg:There’snobodythere.那儿没有人。There’snothinginthebox.盒子里没有东西。④everything,everybody,everyone通常用于肯定句中，分别表示“一切，每一件事情”，“每人，人人”。Eg:Ibelieveeverybodycan.我相信每个人都能。Everythingisready.一切都准备好了。使用复合不定代词还应注意：①复合不定代词作主语时，要当作单数对待。Eg:-Hello,Emily.IseverythingOK?-Yes,Linda.Everythingisfine.②当形容词或动词不定式修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或动词不定式必须放在复合不定代词之后。Eg:There’ssomethingwrongwithyoureyes.Let’sgetsomethingtoeat.Todaywe’regoingtohavesomethingEnglish.③反意疑问句中，表示人的复合不定代词(如somebody,anyone等)在陈述句中作主语时，附加问句中主语要用he或they;表示物的复合不定代词(如something,everything等)在陈述句中作主语时，附加问句中的主语要用it.Eg:Nobodyisintheroom,ishe(aren’tthey)?Everythingisready,isn’tit?④注意复合不定代词在否定句中与肯定句中的转换。No=not…anyEg:There’snobodythere.=Thereisn’tanythingthere.Shedidn’tfeellikeeatinganything.=Shefeltlikeeatingnothing.GrammarFocusWheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCity.Didyougooutwithanyone?No,Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.No,Iboughtnothing.Howwasthefood?EverythingtastedreallygoodDideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh,yes,Everythingwasexcellent复合不定代词的用法1.不定代词some,any,no,every与-body,-one,-thing构成复合代词。我们称之为复合不定代词somebody某人someone某人something某物，某事anybody任何人anyone任何人Anything任何事物nobody没有人noone没有人nothing没有东西Everybody每人Everyone每人Everything一切含-body的复合不定代词与含-one的复合不定代词在功能和意义上完全相同，可以互换。只是用-body时显得较通俗些，多用于口语中，用-one时显得较文雅些，更常见于正式场合及书面语中。复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，因此通常被看成是单数第三人称。当它们充当句子的主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。如：Iseveryoneheretoday?今天，大家都到齐了吗?Nothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.世上无难事，只怕有心人。Nobody/NooneknowshisnameThereissomethingorsomebodynearus.（作主语）2.因为some一般用于肯定句，any一般用于否定句或疑问句，no表示完全否定，因此由some,any,no与-one,-body组成的复合代词的用法也一样。somebody，someone，something一般用于肯定句，而anybody，anyone，anything一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句。--Didyoubuyanythingspecial?--Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.--No,Ididn’tbuyanything.(Iboughtnothing)Someoneissinginginthenextroom.Doesanyoneliveintheoldhouse?Didyougooutwithanyone?Nooneknowshisname.Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat？表示邀请时，疑问句里可用something．3.第二部分为-one和-body的复合代词只能用于表示人，它们的形式是单数形式，相应的人称代词和物主代词用单数he,him,his(不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词they,them,their来避免由于如：Everyoneknowsthis,doesn’the[don’tthey]?Thereissomeoneinyouroffice.Canyouhearthemtalking?them指代someone4.第二部分为-thing的复合代词只能用于指物。相应的人称代词也只能用it，而不用they。如：Therewassomethingwrongwiththecarsohehadtostoppedit.Everythingisready,isn’tit?一切都准备好了，是吗?5.形容词修饰这些复合不定代词，形容词必须后置。如：ThereissomethingwrongwithyourearsIsthereanythinginterestingonTVtonight?interesting修饰anythingIhavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythingelseinthebox?--Let'sgivehersomethingdifferenttoeat.--SomethingEnglish？Iknowfishandchips！Wouldyougivemesomethingtodrink?练习1.Doyouhave_____todothisevening?A.importantsomethingB.anythingimportantC.somethingimportant2._____iswatchingTV.Let’sturnitoff.A.SomebodyB.AnybodyC.Nobody3.Wouldyoulike___?Icangetitforyou.A.somethingelseB.anythingelseC.everythingelse4.Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon'tagreewith______.A.everythingB:anythingC.somethingD.nothing根据句意及首字母填空。1.Wheredidyougoonv________.2.Tinawenttosummerc________.3.DidLucyv_______heruncle?Yes,shedid.4.WheredidSallygo?Shew______toNewYork汉译英.1.呆在家里stayathome2.去夏令营gotosummercamp3.去爬山gotothemountains4.参观博物馆visitthemuseum5.去度假goonvacation6.去沙滩gotothebeach7.去看爷爷奶奶visitthegrandparentsReadingandWriting：writethequestions.1.Q:(you/vacation)__Wheredidyougoonvacation?A:Iwenttothebeach.2.Q:(yoursister/beach)__Didyoursistergotothebeach?A::No,shedidn’t.Shestayedathome.3.Q:(Julie/heruncle)__DidJulievisitheruncle?A:Yes,shevisitedheruncleinNewYorkCity.4.Q:(yourparents/museums)_Didyourparentsvisitmuseums?A:No,theydidn’t.Theydon’tlikemuseums.5.Q:(yourparents/museums)____Whatdidyourparentsdo?A:Theyvisitedalotofmuseums.Themuseumswereinteresting.HOMEWORK:WriteaboutyourvacationForexample:LastsummerIwenttothebeach.Myvacationwasgreat.Iwenttherebybusandmybustripwasrelaxing.Thebeachwasverybeautiful.Itwassunny,coolandhumid.thepeoplewerefriendlyandthefoodweredelicious.IenjoyedmyvacationverymuchandIhopetogothereagain.