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反身代词构成固定搭配大全反身代词是指myself,ourselves,yourself,yourselves,himself,herself,itself,themselves,oneself。通常有强调性用法和非强调性用法。用法：一、反身代词的基本形式反身代词是oneself根据所指词的人称、性别、单复数等的变化可以有myself,himself,herself,yourself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves等形式。二、oneself与himself当one指人时，其相应的反身代词通常用oneself,在美国英语中也可用himself：Oneshouldnotpraiseoneself[himself].一个人不应该自吹自擂。三、反身代词的句法功能：1.用作同位语(加强被修饰词的语气，紧放在被修饰名词后,或句末)：Theboxitselfisnotsoheavy.箱子本身并不重。Mrs.Blackherselfisalawyer.布莱克太太本人就是一名律师。Youhadbetteraskthedriverhimself.你最好问司机本人。Martinhimselfattendedthesickman.马丁亲自照顾病人。Don’ttroubletocomeoveryourself.你不必费神亲自来了。Youyourselfsaidso./Yousaidsoyourself.你自己是这样说的。Neverleavetootherswhatyououghttodoyourself.不要把自己该做的事留给别人做。2.用作宾语(动词或介词的宾语)：Takegoodcareofyourself.好好照顾你自己。Hehasarighttodecideforhimself.他有权为自己做出决定。Hemadenocomplaintforhimself.他没为自己抱怨什么。Thechildcandresshimself.这孩子能自己穿衣服了。Shefinallygainedcontrolofherself.最后她控制住了自己。Shecouldnotmakeherselfunderstood.她不能使别人听懂她的话。Everybodyherehastheinfluenzaincludingmyself.包括我在内所有人都患上流感。Thechildcriedhimselftosleep.孩子哭着哭着睡着了。Sheconvincedherselfthatitwasso.她说服自己情况是这样的。Hehadacoupleofrevolverswithwhichtodefendhimself.他只有一两把手枪用来自卫。3.用作表语Thepoorboywasmyself.那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。Justbeyourself.做你自己就好了。Maryhasn'tquitebeenherselfrecently.玛丽近来感到不适。Theoneswhoreallywantitareourselves.真正想要它的是我们自己。【说明】有时用于be,feel,seem,look等后作表语表示身体或精神处于正常状态：I’mnotquitemyselfthesedays.我近来身体不大舒服。I’llbemyselfagaininnotime.我过一会儿就会好的。4.用作主语。在现代英语中，反身代词一般不能独立用作主语，但是它却可以借助and,or,nor等连词与其他名词一起构成并列主语(且位于并列主语的后部)，以及用于某些特殊结构(如as...as等)：Mybrotherandmyselfwentthereyesterday.昨天我兄弟和我一起去了那儿。Jim’ssisterandhimselfgetupatsixeveryday.吉姆的妹妹和他每天6点起床。Hewasasanxiousasmyself.他和我一样担心。注意：·反身代词不能做主语，但可作主语同位语，放在主语后或句末。如：我自己去了电影院。错：Myselfwenttothecinema.对：Iwenttothecinemamyself.·反身代词可以作宾语的同位语YoucangoandaskJohnhimself.翻译：你可以去问约翰本人。·反身代词可以作介词的宾语。byoneself全靠自己；saytooneself自言自语。Shelearntswimmingallbyherself.她是自学游泳的。Shesaidtoherself,WhoamI?她自言自语的说：“我是谁？”·反身代词作动词的宾语enjoyoneself玩得高兴；helponeself(to)随便用……；hurtoneself伤害自己；teachoneself自学；getdressedoneself自己穿衣seatoneself就坐一.强调性用法:1.反身代词用于强调时经常作主语或宾语的同位语,一般置于所强调的词的后面;但如果不影响理解,作同位语的反身代词其位置比较灵活。2.反身代词用于强调时要重读。例:Themanagerhimselfservedthecustomers.Themanagerservedthecustomershimself.经理亲自为顾客服务。ItoldthemIwantedtoseethemanagerhimself.我告诉他们我要见经理本人。3.在but,except,like,as，for等词之后,或作对比时,宾格和反身代词都可以用,但后者的语气更强。例:Formywifeandme/myselfitwasamostenjoyableweekend.对于我妻子和我(本人)来说,这是一个非常快乐的周末。Sheisaboutthesameageasyou/yourself.她的年龄和你(本人)差不多。4.反身代词作介词宾语或动词宾语时，有时也可起强调作用。例:Hehasbeenlivingbyhimselfsincehisparentsdied.他父母死后,他就一直一个人生活。(byhimself=alone)Thismatterisbetweenourselves．(withoutanyoneelseknowing)Shefinishedthejobbyherself.她独自完成了这项工作。(byherself=withouthelp)5.反身代词作表语时也可表示特殊意义。例:Iamnotquitemyselftoday.今天我身体不舒服。(=IamnotfeelingsowellasIusuallydo）二.非强调性用法1.反身代词作动词宾语时常常是非强调性的。有些动词与反身代词成为固定搭配,请注意,汉译时“自己”多不译出。例:（1）behaveoneself有礼貌;规矩：Hebehaveshimselfwell.他为人很好。BehaveyourselfwhileIamaway.我不在,你要规矩点。（2）enjoyoneself过得快活：Weallenjoyedourselvesintheparty.我们在聚会上都玩得很痛快。（3）expressoneself表达自己的意思CanyouexpressyourselfinEnglish?你能用英语表达思想吗?Heexpressedhimselfsatisfied.他表示满意。（4）presentoneself到场；presentitself出现Hepresentedhimselfforacheckupatthehospital.他到医院接受体格检查。Whenthecavedoorwasunlocked,asorrowfulsightpresenteditself。山洞门一打开,就出现了一幅悲惨的景象。（5）revealitself出现Graduallysoundsmultipliedandliferevealeditself.声音渐渐多起来,生活又开始了。（6）collectoneself清醒过来,镇定下来IacceptedtheofferbeforeIwasabletocollectmyself.我还没来得及考虑一下,就接受了帮助。（7）helponeself自用，自取所需Pleasehelpyourselftoenjoythefood.请随便吃。2.有时“动词+反身代词”之后,还需要一定的+介词，构成固定搭配。例:（8）busyoneselfwith忙于Hebusiedhimselfwithnumeroustasksaroundthehouse.他忙于家里的许多事情。（9）availoneselfof利用WeavailedourselvesofeverychancetospeakEnglish.我们利用每个机会讲英语。（10）addressoneselfto专心于(工作)Theyaddressthemselvestothemaindifficulties.他们专心致志解决主要困难。（11）devoteoneselfto致力于;献身于Wearedeterminedtodevoteourselvestothecauseofeducation.我们决心为教育事业献身。3.有些动词接反身代词后再接+that从句:（12）assureoneselfthat...确信Beforegoingtobed,sheassureherselfthatthedoorwaslocked.她确信门已锁好才去睡觉。（13）flatteroneselfthat...自以为Heflatteredhimselfthathewouldwinthefirstprize.她自以为会获得第一名。三．区别byonself；ofoneself；foroneself；tooneself。1.Byoneself单独地，独自地''1)Theymadethemodelmachinesallbythemselves.2)Youcancompletethetaskbyyourself.2.Ofoneself''自行地''1)Thefirediedofitself.2)Thebabywokeupofhimselfallofasudden.3.Foroneself''亲自，为自己''1)Doyouhaveanyingtosayforyourself?2)Onecannotdosuchathingforoneself.4.Tooneself含有“暗自（在心中）的意思，常与动词think,say,talk,tell等连用。1)Theboysaidtohimself.Imuststudyhard.2)Thisdictionaryisusedtohimself.根据以上例句，我们可以看出：byoneself主要含义为''独自，自个儿、亲自''，没有别人帮助，相当于alone;ofoneself是指不受外界事物干涉而自行完成的动作，常用在不及物动词之后；foroneself一般表示“为自己”的意思；tooneself则强度调“供某人独自用”和“暗自”的含义。英语中反身代词与不同的介词搭配，可构成意义不同的习惯用语，学习者对如何选用这些习语感到困难。其实，这些习惯用语的意义往往与介词的意义有联系，一旦见多了，对每个习语所表达的意思和所使用的语境便熟悉了，用起来就不会感到困难。现将这类习惯用语分述如下：1.（all）byoneself单独地，独自地''“靠自己地”（aloneorindependently）。1)Theymadethemodelmachinesallbythemselves.2)Youcancompletethetaskbyyourself.3）Shediditallbyherself.这件事是她独立完成的。4）Thelittlegirlwrotetheletterallbyherself.那封信是小女孩独自写成的。5）Shelikestotakeawalkbyherself.她喜欢独自散步。6）Thehousestandsallbyitselfonthe