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300MW机组培训教材汽轮发电机及电气设备湖南创元电厂ChuangyuanThermalPowerPlant,HunanProvince创元电厂300MW机组培训教材电气分册编写组名单组长：王迪光副组长：蒋韶峰聂勤俭卓钢孙玉军编写人员：胡炎周庭芳朱峰李兵李成军邱学智李景伟胡娟焦健刘有健序湖南创元铝业自备电厂2004年3月开始筹建，隶属于湖南创元铝业，总装机容量为2×300MW燃煤发电机组，全部电量直供湖南创元铝业。作为创元工业园整体战略体系中的重要一环，它的建成，不仅标志着创元铝业整个产业链的初步形成，而且必将为创元铝业的健康、蓬勃发展提供强劲的动力。创元铝业自备电厂2×300MW火力发电机组，广泛采用了新技术、新工艺、新设备，自动化程度高，这样就会对从事电厂生产技术和管理的人员素质提出高要求。按照公司“达标、创一流”目标，为确保两台机组的顺利达标投产和投产后机组的安全、经济、稳定运行，发电部组织有关生产技术人员针对电厂设备系统编写了这套培训教材，作为各级生产技术人员和生产管理人员专业技能学习、培训之用。本套教材分为“汽机”、“锅炉”、“电气”、“输煤”、“化学”、“热控”六册，分专业详细介绍了设备和系统的结构原理、检修维护、运行操作等，具有重要的学习、培训参考价值。为此，希望参与电厂运行与管理的人员针对各自岗位职责、工作规范，系统认真地学习，同时结合工作实际，对教材提出修改补充意见和建议，为电厂的运行、检修和管理水平的不断提高做出应有的贡献！在此，谨向为教材编写付出辛勤劳动的全体人员表示诚挚的谢意！王迪光2006年11月11日前言湖南创元铝业自备电厂2×300MW火力发电机组由湖南省电力勘测设计院设计，三大主机设备由上海电气集团股份有限公司承制。电厂在锅炉、电气方面广泛采用了新技术、新工艺、新设备。例如：在锅炉方面，配备烟气脱硫装置，燃烧系统则采用六层煤粉直流燃烧器、周界风单侧配风等方式；在电气主接线方面，发电机出口配置GCB，取消启备变，6KV厂用电系统采用＃1、＃2机“错位手拉手”接线方式等，具有鲜明的创元特色。这样，对从事电厂生产和管理的人员的素质提出了更高的要求，需要大家共同搭建一个平台，去认真学习、研究电厂有关发电设备系统，领悟其设计思想，了解其设备性能，解决其技术关键，从而确保两台机组的达标投产和稳定、安全、经济运行。为此，发电部组织有关人员，克服了生产筹备期间事务繁多、专业技术人员相对较少和设备技术资料不全等困难，经过精心的组织策划，从电厂实际情况出发，在消化、吸收电厂的主、辅设备特点基础上，借鉴有关技术资料，编写了这套培训教材，较为详尽地介绍了电厂主、辅设备的结构原理、运行操作和日常维护等，作为电厂有关生产、管理人员学习、培训之参考。本套培训教材分为六册，即：第一册汽轮机设备及系统第二册锅炉设备及系统第三册汽轮发电机及电气设备第四册化学设备及系统第五册燃料运输设备及系统第六册热工控制设备及系统本套培训教材由于部分设备资料不全和编者水平原因，对于错漏之处，敬请读者批评指正。《创元电厂300MW机组培训教材》编写组2006年11月11日1目录第一章汽轮发电机···················································································1第一节QFSN-300-2型汽轮发电机的结构及技术参数····································1第二节汽轮发电机的通风系统及测温装置·················································11第三节发电机的氢、水、油系统·····························································14第四节汽轮发电机的运行······································································22第五节发电机的主要故障及处理·····························································38第二章电力变压器···················································································44第一节概述······················································································44第二节设备规范··················································································57第三节变压器的发热和冷却···································································59第四节变压器的运行分析······································································61第五节变压器的运行监视与操作·····························································64第六节变压器试验···············································································67第七节异常与事故处理·········································································71第三章电气主接线系统及有关电气设备······················································76第一节六氟化硫（SF6）断路器·····························································76第二节隔离开关··················································································85第三节氧化锌避雷器············································································88第四节电气主接线···············································································92第四章厂用电气设备与系统·····································································96第一节成套高压开关柜·········································································96第二节真空断路器···············································································98第三节高压限流式熔断器—交流高压真空接触器组合装置（F—C回路）······1082第四节高压厂用电的接线方式和运行·····················································113第五节低压开关柜·············································································115第六节低压开关设备··········································································120第七节其它低压开关电器····································································121第八节380V厂用电的接线方式和运行···················································124第五章直流系统···················································································126第一节概述···················································································126第二节创元电厂直流系统介绍······························································129第三节蓄电池组的工作原理·································································134第四节蓄电池的充电及充电设备···························································138第六章柴油发电机················································································142第七章发电机励磁系统···········································································148第一节概述····················································································148第二节系统框图···············································································150第三节调节器···················································································151第四节励磁功率柜··············································································155第五节灭磁及过压保护单元··································································159第六节起励单元················································································162第七节外部的TV、TA测量单元···························································163第八节励磁系统故障及处理································································164第八章发电机—变压器组的继电保护·······················································166第一节发电机—变压器组保护概述·····················································