通用汽车精益生产模式

精益生产的历史LeanManufacturingHistory•1955丰田制造系统TOYOTAPRODUCTIONSYSTEM•1979质量体系QUALITYSYSTEM•1983NUMMI,SYCHRONONSMANUFACTURING•1990LEANMANUFACTURING,ESENACH•1995DELPHIMANUFACTURINGSYSTEM•1996GM-GMS•1998COMPETITIVEMANUFACTURING丰田准时化生产方式的技术构造体系企业教育，开发人力资源全员参加的改善和合理化活动自动化全面质量管理设备快速准备设备合理布置多技能作业员标准化作业质量保证小批量生产同步化生产均衡化生产良好的外部协作看板管理准时化生产消除浪费、降低成本全公司整体性利润增加柔性生产、提高竞争力适应性经济性尊重人才，发挥人的作用不断暴露问题，不断改善Editedby意识改革*5S精益生产方式体系架构生产的快速与维护精益品质保证与自动化柔性生产系统均衡化同步化现场IE作业研究生产设计与物流系统产品开发设计系统精益工厂追求7个“零”极限目标Editedby个“零”极限目标“零”“零”切换浪费“零”库存“零”浪费“零”不良“零”故障“零”停滞“零”灾害Editedby通用汽车全球制造系统的原则和要素构成了一个完整的系统,只有把它作为一个完整的整体实施才能有效。各原则之间相辅相成，没有一个原则或要素能独立存在。因此我们用一个类似太阳系的图标来表示GM－GMS。只有当五个原则共同实施，GM－GMS才是一个完整的系统。TheprinciplesandelementsofGM-GMScompriseacomp-letesystem,andtobeeffectivemustbetakentoget-herasawhole.Eachprinciplesupportsandreinforcestheothers.Nooneprincipleorelementcanstandalone.Forthisreas-on,thesolarsystemiconisusedtosymbolizeGM-GMS.GM-GMSisacompletesystemwhenallfiveprinciplesareimplemented.GMS简介GMSBriefIntroductionGMS简介GMSBriefIntroduction8个要素8Elements1.宗旨、价值观和文化理念Vision,Values,&CulturalPriorities2.使命Mission3.健康和安全第一Health&SafetyPriority4.合格的员工QualifiedPeople5.人员支持系统/小组原则PeopleSupportSystem/TeamConcept6.员工参与PeopleInvolvement7.开放式交流OpenCommunicationProcess8.车间现场管理ShopFloorManagement目的：引导员工的个人行为和公司决策，创造一个关注过程和结果的氛围。Purpose:Toguideindividualbehaviorandorganizationaldecisions,creatingaprocessandresultsfocusedculture.核心要求CoreRequirements:领导层维护和纠偏LeadershipchampionstheCorporateVision,CoreValues,andCulturalPriorities明确清晰TheVision,Values,andCulturalPrioritiesareclearly公司的政策（包括一、二、三级文件）与其一致Policies,practices,procedures,andsystemsareconsistentwiththeVision,Values,andCulturalPriorities领导层以身作则Leadershipleadsbyexample评估和改进，确保公司宗旨、价值观和文化理念的一致性EvaluateandimprovetoensureconsistencywiththeVision,Values,andCulturalPriorities1.宗旨、价值观和文化理念Vision,CoreValuesandCutrualPriorities2.使命MISSION定义：传达给具体车间或职能部门的一个目标或者期望值的陈述Definition:Alocalstatementthatconveysamentalimageofthegoalordesiredstateforaspecificplantorfunction.目的：激励员工工作并使全体员工知道、理解并趋近公司的奋斗目标Purpose:Tomotivate/inspirepeopletoactandhelptheentireworkforcevisualize,understand,andrelatetotheorganization’scompetitivegoalsandobjectives.核心要求：Corerequirements:是公司领导层制定和牵头，全公司共同参与的Developedandchampionedbyleadershipandsharedwiththeentireorganization.支持公司的宗旨、价值观和文化理念，并与其保持一致AlignedwithandsupportstheCorporateVision,Values,andCulturalPriorities.全公司上下理解和全力支持Understoodandcommittedtobyalllevelsoftheorganization审查策略、行动和体系以保证提供支持Strategies,activities,andsystemsarereviewedtoensuretheysupportpeople’seffortstoreachthemission.需支持公司的业务目标Supportsthebusinessgoalsandobjectives.有定期评审使命陈述的流程AprocessisinplacetoperiodicallyevaluatetheMissionStatement.定义：实施一系列的行为、措施、政策和方法以帮助员工实现一个健康无伤害的工作环境。Definition:Implementationofbehaviors,actions,policies,andpracticesthathelpouremployeesrealizeahealthy,injuryfreeenvironment.目的：以安全是最重要的、所有的事故都是可预防的理念为指导，采取切实的措施保证员工良好的健康状况和健康无害的环境Purpose:Toensureweprotectthewellbeingofourpeoplethroughactionsconsistentwiththebeliefthatsafetyisouroverridingpriorityandallaccidentsarepreventable.3.健康和安全优先HealthandSafetyPriority核心要求：CoreRequirements:领导层对所有健康和安全核心要素的实施和监控负责LeadershipisresponsibleforimplementationandmonitoringoftheseHealthandSafetycorerequirements工厂安全回顾板PlantSafetyReviewBoard定期安全巡检SafetyObservationTours安全作业（危险的工作，有健康和安全作业指导书）SafeOperatingPractices(HealthandSafetystandardizedworkinstructionsaredocumentedandimplementedforjobswhereriskstoemployeeswarrant)事故调查（“5个为什么”问题解决流程)IncidentInvestigation(“5Why”problemsolvingprocess)严格遵守安全规章Abidebythesafetyrulesstrictly4.合格的员工QualifiedPeople目的：确保员工的能力与竞争性的生产制造角色和职责相匹配Purpose:Toensurethebestpossiblefitofpeople’sabilitieswiththeexpectationsofthecompetitivemanufacturingrolesandresponsibilities.核心要求CoreRequirements：制定行为规范，体现公司核心价值观，书面形式交流Competencies(RequiredBehaviors)aredefinedforeachleveloftheorganization选择Selection培训Training激励Inspirit发展Development5.员工支持系统/班组原则PeopleSupportSystem/TeamConcept定义：赋予各班组主人翁和基本工作单位的功能使小组成员共同承担职责相互支持，通过不断改进达到共同的目标Definition:Smallgroupsofemployeesthatareempoweredtofunctionastheownersandbasicworkunitwhosharecommontasks,supporteachother,andachievecommongoalsthroughcontinuousimprovement.目的：通过团队合作使员工参与整个工作过程，不断改进自身表现，产品质量和工作环境，最终树立员工自豪感和工作成就感并促进员工个人的发展Purpose:Toinvolveemployeesintheworkprocesstocontinuouslyimproveperformance,productquality,andworkingconditionsthroughteamwork.Todevelopemployeepride,jobsatisfaction,andpersonalgrowth.核心要求CoreRequirements：制定各级和职能块的职责Rolesandresponsibilitiesforeachlevelandfunctionoftheorganizationaredefined.履行,交流T/M,T/L,G/L职责Teammembers,teamleaders,andgroupleadersfulfillresponsibilitiesoftheirposition.班组原则Teamcriteria.业务系统和实践操作支持小组原则的实施Businesssystemsandpracticessupportimplementationoftheteamconcept.班组长的选择Teamleaderselection.班组长支持小组和班组目标的标准化任务TeamLeadersarenotassignedstandardizedworkbutareassignedstandardizedtasksthatsupporttheteamandobjectives.支持部门对于班组的支持（HR,财务，工程部，质量部等）Supportorganizations(e.g.HR,Finance,