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I摘要由于乙二醇醚具有毒性，所以其正在被丙二醇醚逐步取代，并广泛应用于油墨、皮革着色剂、涂料稀释剂、乳化液稳定剂等众多工业领域。但目前国内丙二醇醚的产量和质量还不能满足市场需求，所以迫切需要改善丙二醇醚的生产工艺流程。本文介绍了丙二醇丁醚在国内外的研究动态、目前的水平以及未来的发展方向，归纳了合成丙二醇丁醚的具体方法，分析了目前国内外生产该产品的工艺类型，如釜式反应器、连续管式反应器、Buss回路反应器、Press式反应器、催化精馏反应器等，并总结了各种反应器的优点及其不足之处，然后针对Press式外循环反应器生产流程做出了具体的车间工艺流程设计。丙二醇醚的生产工艺设计如下：根据生产工艺条件，采取以环氧丙烷和丁醇为原料，采用固体碱为催化剂，在温度为120～140℃，压力为0.2～0.5MPa，反应时间为2.0～4.0h，摩尔比为丁醇:环氧丙烷=2.5:1的条件下，合成丙二醇丁醚。设计年产3000吨的丙二醇丁醚车间，通过物料衡算和能量衡算，确定反应釜容积、筒体高度及直径，确定填料塔塔板数、填料高度以及塔径大小，确定浮阀塔的塔高、塔径、塔板数以及溢流堰高度、堰高等。并通过核算完成设备选型，画出带控制点的工艺流程图及反应主设备图，精馏分离图等。希望通过本次设计，能够为进一步优化我国丙二醇醚的生产工艺做出一点贡献。关键词：丙二醇丁醚；环氧丙烷；丁醇；外循环IIAbstractSinceglycolethersaretoxic,soitisbeinggraduallyreplacedbypropyleneglycolethers,andwidelyusedininks,leathercolorants,paintthinner,emulsionstabilizersandmanyotherindustrialfields.Buttheyieldandqualityofdomesticpropyleneglycoletherscannotmeetthemarketdemand,thereisanurgentneedtoimprovetheproductionprocessofpropyleneglycolethers.Thispaperdescribedtheresearchtrendsofpropyleneglycolbutyletherathomeandabroad,thecurrentlevelandfuturedirectionofdevelopment,summarizedthespecificmethodforthesynthesisofpropyleneglycolbutylether,andthecurrenttypesofdomesticandforeignproductionprocessoftheproductwasanalyzed,suchasatankreactor,continuoustubularreactor,Bussloopreactor,Pressloopreactor,catalyticdistillationreactorsandsoon.Moreover,thevariousadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthereactorswassummarized,andthendirectsatthereactionproductionprocessofpressexternalloopreactortomakeaspecificworkshopprocessdesign.Propyleneglycoletherproductionprocessdesignisasfollows:accordingtotheproductionprocessconditions,adoptingwithpropyleneoxideandbutylalcoholasrawmaterial,thesolidalkaliasthecatalyst,undertheconditionofthetemperatureis120～140℃,pressureis0.2～0.5MPa,reactiontimeis2.0～4.0h,molarratioofbutylalcohol:PO=2.5:1,tocompoundthepropyleneglycolbutylether.Designanannualoutputof3000tonsofpropyleneglycolbutyletherplant,throughthematerialbalanceandenergybalance,todeterminethereactorvolume,heightanddiameterofcylinderbody,todeterminethenumberofpackingtowertray,packingheightandthecolumndiametersize,todeterminethefloatvaluetowerhightower,towerdiameter,numberoftraysandoverflowweirheightweirhigher.Andcompletetheselectionofequipmentthroughaccounting,paintingwithcontrolpointsoftheprocessflowchartandreactionequipmentfigure,distillationseparationdiagram.Ihopethatthroughthisdesign,itispossibletofurtheroptimizetheproductionprocessofpropyleneglycolethersmakesomecontribution.Keywords：propyleneglycolbutylether；propyleneoxide；butylalcohol；OuterloopI目录摘要..............................................................IABSTRACT...........................................................II第1章绪论........................................................11.1设计选题的缘由................................................11.2设计的研究工作在国民经济中的实用价值与理论意义...............11.3关于本设计国内外研究情况的文献综述...........................11.4设计的研究思路及预期要达到的目标..............................21.5国内外生产技术及目前的水平....................................21.6未来的发展趋势................................................31.7各种反应器及其优缺点..........................................3第2章设计说明书..................................................52.1工艺流程简述..................................................52.2物料衡算......................................................52.2.1工艺计算基础数据..........................................62.2.2脱丁醇塔物料衡算..........................................72.2.3精馏塔物料衡算............................................72.2.4反应器物料衡算............................................92.3能量衡算......................................................92.3.1定性温度的确定...........................................102.3.2各物质比热容的计算.......................................102.3.3各阶段的计算.............................................112.3.4精馏塔热量衡算...........................................132.4气液外循环反应器的设计.......................................162.4.1反应釜的容积.............................................162.4.2反应釜筒体高度和直径的计算..............................162.4.3夹套直径的确定...........................................17II2.4.4夹套高度的确定...........................................172.4.5核算传热面积.............................................172.4.6内筒及夹套受力分析.......................................172.4.7壁厚的确定...............................................182.4.8文丘里喷射器安装位置....................................182.5脱丁醇塔（浮阀塔）的设计.....................................192.5.1塔高.....................................................192.5.2塔径.....................................................212.5.3溢流装置.................................................232.5.4塔板布置及浮阀数目与排列................................242.5.5塔板流体力学验算.........................................252.5.6塔板负荷性能图...........................................272.6填料塔的设计.................................................292.6.1塔板数的计算.............................................302.6.2塔径的确定...............................................312.6.3填料层高度的确定.........................................342.6.4液体的最小喷淋密度.......................................342.6.5填料的分段....................