11*23(171210023100143430074),,,,、、4。,:﹥﹥﹥;:650W、53s、60%、1∶20(g/mL),61.8286mg/100g。;;;1009-7848(2010)04-0169-09,,300t,,[1]。,[2]。,、、、、、,、、、、[3-9]。,,,、。。,,,,[10-11]。Alonso-Salces,,[12]。,,,、、[13-16]。,,。11.1:。9.2%。1.2,Folin-Ciocalteu(FC),()。(WP700100-700W),;-(UV-1240),。1.35.00g,,20,250mL,24h,,,,,,,。1.4[17]1.4.1100μg/mL0、0.05、0.10、0.15、0.20、0.25、0.30mL5mL,2.00mL,FC1.0mL,3~4min,10%Na2CO3:2009-09-16:2005;(2008K08-04);(2008ZDKG-04):,,1978,,:Vol.10No.4Aug.2010JournalofChineseInstituteofFoodScienceandTechnology1042010820104/Wx1X1500600700/sx2X2405060/%x3X3506070x4X41020301011.0mL,,25℃2h,765nm。(μg),。1.4.2100μL5mL,2mL,,。1.51.5.15.00g,,1∶10(g/mL)60%,100、250、450、600700W,60s,,,。1.5.25.00g,,1∶10(g/mL)60%,450W,10、30、40、5060s,,,。1.5.35.00g,,1∶10(g/mL)0、20%、40%、60%、80%100%,450W,60s,,。1.5.45.00g,,1∶5、1∶10、1∶20、1∶301∶40(g/mL)60%,450W,60s,,。1.6,,Design-Expert7.043Box-Behnken,。Y(mg/100g),(X1)、(X2)、(X3)、(X4),:xi=(Xi-X0)/△Xi,xi———;Xi———;X0———;△Xi———。X1(,W),X2(,s),X3(,%),X4()41。22.1y=0.1767x-0.1738(R2=0.9996),。2.22.2.12,,,600W;600W,。,,,,。,。1Table1Factor、Codeandlevelofindependentvariable::x1=(X1-600)/100;x2=(X2-50)/10;x3=(X3-60)/10;x4=(X4-20)/10。1Fig.1Standardcurvefordeterminationofpolyphenols1701042.2.23,50s,;,,50s。2.2.34,,。60%。60%。2.2.45,,,1∶20,,。,,。,1∶20。2.32.3.12。Design-Expert7.0,3、4。4Fig.4Effectofethanolconcentrationonyieldofpolyphenols5Fig.5Effectofsolvent-pomaceratioonyieldofpolyphenols17120104/W/s/%/mg·(100g)-11-110044.36042110050.8743300-1-150.36244001-158.5125500-1147.20536001145.07337-100-141.81428100-153.69659-100144.037510100161.1830110-1-1048.26761201-1059.0339130-11045.435414011049.604715-10-1046.29721610-1054.735217-101045.530118101048.9133190-10-146.395620010-152.4179210-10143.903722010150.568423000061.995024000060.196925000061.670426000059.434327000062.012628-110057.715929110058.60722Table2DesignandresultsofexperimentFPX14.331811.104915.36920.0015**X22.592811.10495.50650.0342*X31.676111.10492.30090.1516X42.752711.10496.20660.0259*X1X20.409111.91380.04570.8338X1X30.659811.91380.11890.7354X1X4-1.594811.91380.69440.4187X2X31.067211.91380.31090.5859X2X4-2.115711.91381.22210.2876X3X43.503611.91383.35140.0885X12-4.141911.50297.59540.0155*X22-3.272211.50294.74060.0471*X32-8.238111.502930.04740.0001**X42-3.256111.50294.69390.0480*59.888111.71183Table3Testofsignificanceforregressionequationcoefficients:**p0.01,;*p0.05,。1721043,(P0.01),(P0.05);(P0.05),(P0.01),(P0.05),。F,4X1()X4()X2()X3()。,2,(Y):Y=59.88808+4.33177X1+2.59284X2+1.67606X3+2.75274X4+0.40906X1X2+0.65979X1X3-1.59481X1X4+1.06718X2X3-2.11570X2X4+3.50358X3X4-4.14190X12-3.2722X22-8.23814X32-3.25606X42(1),R2=0.8326,,。2.3.2(1),611。、、,2。660%、1∶20(g/mL),、。,,,,。,。750s、1∶20(g/mL),。,,;,。,。50s、60%,8。,,;,。,,。9,600W、1∶20(g/mL),。,17320104,;,。,,。17410410,600W、60%,。,,;,。,。11,600W、50s,。,,;,。,。2.4(1),:651W,53.5s,61.3%,1∶21.2(g/mL),62.9756mg/100gDW。,,:650W、53s、60%、1∶20(g/mL),5,61.8286mg/17520104100gDW,62.9756mg/100gDW。,Box-Behnken,。3,Design-Expert7.0,(RSM),。,。。:650W,53s,60%,1∶20(g/mL),61.8286mg/100g。[1].[D].:,2007.[2].[D].:,2006.[3]ShahrokhK,TsaoR,DjamilaR,etal.Polyphenolcompositionandtotalantioxidantcapacityofselectedapplegenotypesforprocessing[J].J.FoodComposAnal,2008,21:396-401.[4]LuYR,YeapFL.Antioxidantandradicalscavengingactivitiesofpolyphenolsfromapplepomace[J].FoodChem,2000,68:81-85.[5]GarcíaYD,BelénSV,AnnaPL.Phenolicandantioxidantcompositionofby-productsfromtheciderindustry:ap-plepomace[J].FoodChem,2009,117:731-738.[6],,,.[J].,2008,30(4):150-152.[7],,,.[J].,2003,24(5):33-36.[8],,.[J].,2007,28(11):89-90.[9]GordanaC.,JasnaCB,SonjaD,etal.Assessmentofpolyphenoliccontentandinvitroantiradicalcharacteristicsofapplepomace[J].FoodChem,2008,109:340-347.[10]LuY.,FooL.Y.Identificationandquantificationofmajorpolyphenolsinapplepomace[J].FoodChem,1997,59:187-194.[11],,.[J].,2003,24(3):63-65.[12]Alonso-SalcesR.M.,KortaE.,BarrancoA.,etal.Pressurizedliquidextractionforthedeterminationofpolyphe-nols[J].J.ChromatogrA,2001,993:37-43.[13],,,.[J].,2004,30(2):19-22.[14],,,.[J].,2009,9(2):53-60.[15],,,.[J].,2006,34(9):1260-1264.[16]SunC.,LiuHZ.Applicationofnon-ionicsurfactantinthemicrowave-assistedextractionofalkaloidsfromRhizomacoptidis[J].AnalChimActa,2008,612:160-164.[18],,.[J].,2006,27(2):178-180.176104OptimizationofMicrowave-assistedExtractionTechnologyofPolyphenolsfromApplePomacebyResponseSurfaceMethodBaiXuelian1YueTianli1*ZhangHuawei2GaoChao3(1CollegeofFoodScienceandEngineering,NorthwestA&FUniversity,Yangling712100,Shaanxi2SchoolofPharmacy,ZhejiangUniversityofTechnology,Hangzhou3100143HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Wuhan430074)AbstractChinaisthelargestproducerofapplesintheworld.Moreandmoreapplepomaceisgeneratedbyapplejuicefactories.Ithasbeenproventhatapplepomaceisarichsourceofpolyphenols,whichhaveabroadspectrumofbioactivities,suchasantioxidation,antimicrobe,antitumor,antihypertension,antihyperlipemia,etal.Inordertoeffec-tivelyextractpolyphenoliccompoundsfromapplepomace,investigationofmicrowave-assistedextractionwascarriedout.Thewholeexperimentswerecarefullydesignedandoptimizedwi