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--1--技术性贸易壁垒对中国农产品出口技术标准研究摘要近年来技术性贸易壁垒（TechnologyBarrierstoTrade，简称TBT）已逐渐成为经济大国竞相采取的贸易保护方式，在我国主要农产品出口市场中应用广泛，对我国农产品的出口影响深远。而以欧盟为代表的发达国家的TBT对中国农产品出口的阻碍更是不容小视，其带来的巨额损失和产业威胁都是我国未来的挑战，但是这挑战中也同样蕴藏着机遇。本文围绕欧盟TBT从下面五个部分进行论述：第一部分主要介绍了TBT的基本概念，TBT的双重目标和相关法律文件，同时着重对TBT的性质做了分析。第二部分简要分析了世界农产品市场与TBT的关系和影响，具体分析中国农产品出口遭受TBT的情况。第三部分通过分析欧盟TBT的成因，深入研究欧盟TBT的特点。同时，预测欧盟TBT将会在有机产品和新食品法上加大技术规范力度，分析TBT未来走势。第四部分考查欧盟TBT对我国出口农产品出口的影响，分析影响原因并从正负两面讨论影响结果。研究发现，欧盟TBT的影响结果包括促进改革、提升环保意识的积极面，和提升成本、削弱出口竞争力的阻碍面。第五部分为我国应对欧盟TBT提出对策。法规方面，我国应以国际水平和农业贸易对手的产品标准为依据，提升我国技术标准的同时达到贸易伙伴的进口要求。通过学习欧盟农业促进机制，此研究为中国农产品出口链条提供一套预警和激励系统，从源头帮助我国农业提升对安全健康的认识性和生产技术的积极性。关键词：欧盟；技术性贸易壁垒；中国农产品出口；技术标准--2--TheImpactofEuropeanUnionTechnologyBarrierstoTradeonChinaAgriculturalExportAbstractNowadays,technicalbarrierstotradearebecomingapopularwayoftradeprotectionindevelopedcountry.What’smore,TBTiswidelyusedintheEuropeanUnion,oneofChina'smajoragriculturalmarkets.TheobstacleofTBTwillcausehugelossesandindustrialthreatstoChineseagriculturalexportsinthefutureandcannotbeoverlooked,butthiscrisisalsobearsopportunitiestoo.ThispaperfocusesontheEuropeanUnion’stechnicalbarrierstotradeanddiscussitinthefollowingfiveparts:ThefirstpartofthearticledescribesthebasicconceptsofTBT,thetwo-waypurposeoftheTBTandrelatedlegaldocuments.AndTBTfeaturesarethekeyparttodiscuss.Thesecondpartbrieflyanalyzestherelationshipbetweenagriculturalmarketandtechnicalbarrierstotrade,includingtheimpactofTBTontheoverallglobalagriculturalmarkets.SpecificallyanalyzetheeffectofTBTonChineseagriculturalmarket.Inthethirdpart,byanalyzingthecausesoftheEUtechnicalbarrierstotrade,connectingwiththeTBTfeatures,tolearnin-depthofthecharacteristicsofEUTBT.Accordingtotheanalysis,Ibelieve,EUwillreinforcetechnicalbarriersonthefieldoforganicproductsandfoodlaws.ThefourthpartcountstheimpactofEUTBTonChineseexportsofagriculturalproductsandreasonsoftheimpact.Theresults,whichTBTbringstoChina,shouldbeseparatedintotwoparts.Theyarepositivewaybypromotingreformationandthedownsideofweakeningexportscompetitiveness.ThefinalpartshowstheresponseweshouldtaketoEUTBT.LearningfromtheEUagriculturalpromotionmechanism,Idesignedasystem,whichcouldwarnandencourageChineseenterprisesonpromotingtechnology,helpingouragriculturefromthesourcestoenhancefarmers'awarenessofsafetyandtorewardthatenhancetheirquality.Keywords:EU;TBT;China'sagriculturalproducts;technicalstandards--1--目录摘要.................................................................................................................................-1-Abstract...........................................................................................................................-2-引言.....................................................................................................................................11绪论.................................................................................................................................21.1研究背景及意义...................................................................................................21.1.1研究背景..................................................................................................21.1.2研究意义..................................................................................................21.2文献综述...............................................................................................................41.2.1国外研究进展..........................................................................................41.2.2国内研究进展..........................................................................................51.3研究方法..............................................................................................................61.4总体思路..............................................................................................................72技术性贸易壁垒概述.....................................................................................................82.1技术性贸易壁垒的概念......................................................................................82.2技术性贸易壁垒的目的与表现形式..................................................................82.3技术性贸易壁垒的性质......................................................................................92.4WTO框架下的技术性贸易壁垒法规...............................................................113技术性贸易壁垒对农产品市场的影响.......................................................................133.1世界农产品贸易市场与技术性贸易壁垒........................................................133.2中国农产品出口与技术性贸易壁垒................................................................144欧盟技术性贸易壁垒与中国农产品出口...................................................................154.1欧盟技术性贸易壁垒........................................................................................164.1.1欧盟技术性贸易壁垒的形成.................................................................164.1.2欧盟技术性贸易壁垒的特点.................................................................18--2--4.1.3欧盟技术性贸易壁垒的发展趋势.........................................................204.2中国遭受欧盟技术性贸易壁垒的原因............................