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机械原理课程设计说明书——自卸车倾卸机构创新设计学院：机械工程学院班级：组员：指导教师：二〇一三年一月四日摘要I摘要我们组选择自卸车倾卸机构的创新设计作为课程设计的题目.为了完成课程设计,我们首先查找了关于自卸车倾卸机构的发展史,了解了自卸车的发展历程与现状.然后我们查找了关于自卸的国内外专利,并分析其机构,画出机构简图.知道了自卸车有各种不同的机构,并了解了现在常用的自卸机构以及自卸机构未来的发展趋势.为了创新设计,我们现场对常见自卸车的自卸机构拍照.分析机构,并进行了运动链的一般化,数综合,特定化和具体化等一系列过程.最后得出27个可能的机构简图.在进行比较时,我们选择了一个不是当前流行类型的机构简图作为自己的创新设计.按对自卸车较为常见的要求:车斗最大倾角,机构纵深,液压缸伸缩距离,结构合理等,我们设计了创新机构的尺寸.在用inventor对其进行运动仿真后,发现结构运动平稳.然后我们又用matlab对机构进行建模,仿真.得出机构的角速度,角加速度等图形.发现机构角速度变化幅度不大,符合仿真动画,满足实际要求,因此,我们确定了我们的创新设计符合要求并将其作为最终的课程设计的方案.ABSRTACTIIAbstractOurgroupchoosesdumptruckdumpingmechanisminnovationdesignascurriculumdesignquestions.Inordertocompletethecoursedesign,wefirstlookforthedumptruckdumpingmechanismaboutthehistoryofthedumptruck,understandthedevelopmentcourseandpresentsituation.Thenwefindaboutdumpingdomesticandforeignpatents,andanalyzesthemechanism,drawthemechanismdiagram.Knowthedumptruck,thereareallkindsofdifferentorganizations,andtounderstandthepresentcommonlyusedself-discharginginstitutionsandself-dischargingmechanismthefuturetrendofdevelopment.Inordertocreativedesign,oursitetothecommondumper'sself-dischargingmechanismphotos.Bodyanalysisandthekinematicchainofgeneralization,severalcomprehensive,specializationandshapeandaseriesofprocessthat.Atlast,wegive27possiblemechanismdiagrams.Incomparison,wechoseanotcurrentpopulartypeofmechanismdiagramastheirinnovativedesign.Accordingtotherequirementsofthemorecommontodumptruck,carbucketmaximumAngleofinclination,theagencydepth,hydrauliccylinderexpansiondistance,reasonablestructureandsoon,wedesigntheinnovationorganizationinthesizeoftheinventor.Themotionsimulation,foundthatthesmoothmovementstructure.ThenweuseMATLABtomechanismmodeling,simulation.Drawmechanismofangularvelocity,angularaccelerationandangularvelocitychangegraphics.Findinstitutionsrangeisnottoomuch,inlinewiththesimulationanimation,meetthepracticalrequirements,therefore,wedetermineourinnovativedesignmeettherequirementsastheirfinalcoursedesignscheme.目录1目录一、题目简介.........................................................................................................................11.题目描述.....................................................................................................................12.原始数据和设计规格.................................................................................................2二、现有机构分析.................................................................................................................21.文献综述.....................................................................................................................22.LiteratureReview........................................................................................................43.现有机构分析.............................................................................................................6三、机构创新（CreativeMechanismDesignMethodology）...........................................171.BriefDiagramofthePrototype:................................................................................172.Generalization:..........................................................................................................173.Numbersynthesis......................................................................................................174.Specialization............................................................................................................175.Particularization:........................................................................................................24四、尺寸设计.......................................................................................................................261.尺寸设计...................................................................................................................262.设计图.......................................................................................................................27五、机构分析与仿真...........................................................................................................281.Inventor仿真图像.....................................................................................................282.Matlab仿真过程.......................................................................................................28六、总结...........................................................................................................................33七、Reference......................................................................................................................34八、附录...........................................................................................................................351.MATLAB程序代码：..............................................................................................35自卸车液压倾斜机构课程设计1一、题目简介1.题目描述自卸车是一种通过车自身的倾卸机构，能够将车斗中货物倾卸出去的一种车。自卸车倾卸机构的创新设计就是对现有的自卸机构进行创新再设计，使其满足自卸的使用要求。平稳倾卸货物。如下图中，液压缸作为动力原件，液压缸的伸缩，通过六杆机构的转换，使车斗倾斜，达到倾卸货物的目的。自卸车图片PicturesofaDumpTruck图1自卸车机构简图BriefDiagramoftheDumpTruck图2CurriculumDesignofDumpTruckHydraulicTiltingMechanism2DOF=3n