比萨干酪工艺及其功能特性分子基础

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2010386(235)@163.com0。-PastaPhilata,();-。,。(Pizzacheese)。,,。,,,。,,,,,。1。。1.1,。。αs1-CN,αs2-CNβ-CN,。κ-CN。。,αs1-CN,β-CN,αs2-CN。,。αs2-CN,αs1-CN,β-CN(330℃,6mmol/L),κ-CN。,,,。。30mmol/L,αs2-CN、αs1-CN、β-CN,1,2(1.,266011;2.,100085):,、、。、、,。,,。:;();;:TS252.53:B:1001-2230(2010)06-0030-06MolecularbasisofPizzacheesetechnologyanditsfunctionalityFANLi-fang1,WANGWei-ke2(1.QingdaoRodamDairyProductsSalesCo.Ltd.,Qingdao266011,China;2.BeijingSanyuanFoodsCo.Ltd.,Beijing100085,China)Abstract:Itisdiscussedthathowcaseinmicellesinmilkaregraduallytransformedintotheframeworkofpizzacheesemicrostructurethroughproductionandripening,andhowthismicrostructureinfluencespizzacheesefunctionalitiessuchasmeltability,stretchability,oilingoffandblister.Thismoleculartheoryisthenappliedtostudyseveralproductionpracticessuchasnon-pastafilataprocess,mixedacidificationprocessandcalciumaddition.Itisexplainedthatthesetechnologymodificationsaffectfunctionalitiesthroughtheirinfluencesoncheesemicrostructure.WhiletryingtoclarifysomepuzzlesandmisunderstandingsinpizzacheeseproductioninChina,thispaperstressedthatonlywhenwestartfromperspectivesonthemolecularbasisofcheese,canweimprovecheesefunctionalitiesand/orincreaseeconomicreturnsthroughtechnolo-gyadjustments.Keywords:Pizzacheese;Mozzarella;caseinmicelle;functionality:2010-02-24:(1972-),,,。30Vol.38,No.62010(total235)Monographs,κ-CN10。(,CCP)。(),;,CCP。。κ-CN,C,κ-CNCCP,κ-CNC,[1]。1Horne[2]。1,;。,αs2-CN,αs1-CN,β-CNκ-CN,κ-CNC,,,。1Horne1.2-。、、、、、、、、、。:、、。1.2.1,。,,pH。,pH6.2,CCP,。,CCP,,。,,,。pH6.0~6.2,pH,[1]。,,,pH6.0~6.2。1.2.2,、、、。,、、、、。,。,pH,CCP,。/、,。,,CCP。pH,。,,,,。“”。,,,,、。,。。,,。23[3]。2,,;3,,。23,。,。、。1.2.3、、,。。312010386(235)、,,。;,;。,。,,,,。,CCP,。,。,,,,。,。7~10d。45。45[4]。4,;5,,。41d54℃7d2,。,,。/,,。2.1。,,。,,。,、。pHCCP、。pH6.05.0~5.2,pH,,。pH4.9,pH4.6,。,。,pH5.0。。,,。,(40℃),(60~70℃),,。,。3,。。,。Joshi,N.S[4],,。,。,,。,。,。,,,,,,。,。,,,。6[1]。(,),,,。,。Monographs32Vol.38,No.62010(total235),。,,。,,。2.2。,。,。,。,,。,,。。CCP,,。。、。,,。。。、。3,,,。。,。,。。、,pH。,、,,,,。3.1。。(7)[3]。“”。,,。,,。,,,。73.2、,。,,。,,。,,,。,。。,。,,。,。/20℃。/、,。,。/。,/,,。,/,。,,[5]。,,。,,,:。,,。,,。,,。,,,Monographs332010386(235)。,,,。,。,,。,,。,,、、、、、、。:,、CCP,pH,、pH,、。,。,,。,,。。,,,,,,,。,。,。3.3,CCP、,。,,,pH。,pH。pH,pH6.0~6.2,pH,,。pH6.0~6.2,CCP,,,。pH6.0~6.2pH5.0~5.2,pH,,。。,pH。,pH6.2,,。,pH5.8,CCP,,。,。[1]。,,,pH。pH。,pH,CCP,。,pHpH,,。,,。pH。,。,CCPpH,pH。,pH[6]。pH,pH。,pH。,pH。CCP,,[7]。,。,,。。,,CCP,pH,。,,CCP,pH,[8]。,。,,pH,,。,[9,10]。,。。,“”。,。,,。。Monographs34Vol.38,No.62010(total235),,,,pH。:,pH,pH。3.4?。。:pH,,。,,。,,。,。0.02%,。0.02%,;0.1%,。,[11]。,,,,。,CCP。,Ca2+,,,,,,;Ca2+,[12]。,,,,、,。,,,,、,。,,CCP,,、,。,。,。,,,,,。,,,。4。,,,,。,,。:[1]LUCEYJA,JOHNSONME,HORNEDS.Invitedreview:Per-spectivesontheBasisofRheologyandTexturePropertiesofCheese[J].JournalofDairyScience,2003,86:2725-2743.[2]HORNEDS.CaseinInteractions:CastingLightontheBlackBoxes,theStructureinDairyProducts[J].IntDairyJ,1998,8:171177.[3]FOXPF,MCSWEENEYPLH,COGANTM,etal.Cheese:Chemistry,PhysicsandMicrobiology[M].London,UK:Elsevier,2004:255-264.[4]JOSHINS,MUTHUKUMARAPPANK,DAVELRI.EffectofCalciumonMicrostructureandMeltabilityofPartSkimMozzarellaCheese[J].JDairySci,2004,87:1975-1985.[5]AYMANSM,JIHADMQ.TheEffectofAdjustingpHonStretcha-bilityandMeltabilitytoWhiteBrinedNabulsiCheese[J].AmericanJournalofAppliedSciences,2009,?6(4):543-550.[6]GUINEETP,FEENEYEP,AUTYMAE,etal.EffectofpHandCalciumConcentrationonSomeTexturalandFunctionalPropertiesofMozzarellaCheese[J].JDairySci,2002,85:1655-1669.?[7]MCMAHONDJ,PAULSONB,OBERGCJ.InfluenceofCalcium,pHandmoistureonProteinMatrixStructureandFunctionalityinDi-rect-acidifiedNonfatMozzarellaCheese[J].JDairySci,2005,88:37543763.[8]FACCIAM,TRANIA,LUCCIAA.ShortCommunication:Rela-tionshipsbetweenMilkQualityandAcidificationintheProductionofTableMozzarellawithoutStarters[J].JDairySci,?2009,92(9):4211-4217.[9]HABIBIMB,ARYANFARA,GHODDUSIHB.StudyonPhysi-co-chemical,RheologicalandSensoryPropertiesofMozzarellaCheeseMadebyDirectAcidification[J].American-EurasianJAgric&EnvironSci,2006,1(3):268-272.[10]METZGERLE,BARBANODM,RUDANMA,etal.EffectofMilkPreacidificationonLowFatMozzarellaCheeseI.CompositionandYield[J].JDairySci,2000,83(4):648-658.[11]LUCEYJA,FOXPF.ImportanceofCalciumandPhosphateinCheeseManufacture:aReview[J].JDairySci,1993,76:1714-1724.[12],,,.Ca2+Mozzarella[J].,2009,40(5):124-129.Monographs35

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