康明斯目视管理法

1康明斯目视管理法CumminsVisibleControls2目的Objectives阐述目视管理:目标，定义，和标准DescribeVisibleControls:goal,definition,andcriteria了解如何运用Understandhowtousethem讲解4种做法Definethe4categories展示与持续改进的联系ShowconnectiontoContinuousImprovementProcess3与CPS*的联系CPSConnection隐藏问题，不能使问题受到重视并得到解决。我们必须能够很快地标识问题，并立即做出反应。问题点必须可以一目了然。—CPS员工手册1991，24页*CPS-康明斯生产系统“Hiddenproblemswillnotgetattentionandwillnotbefixed.Wemustbeabletoidentifyproblemsquicklyandrespondtothemimmediately.Troublespotsmustbeobviousataglance.”—CPSEmployeeManual,1991,pg.244.下面两种方法对于信息运用管理可能会有很大的区别：Howinformationisorganizedisperhapsthemostdistinguishingfeaturebetween…信息共享目视交流InformationSharingVisibleCommunication5目视管理目标VisibleControlsGoal1.CPS质量目标是：“使过程成效指标和问题均目视化”ACPSqualityobjectiveisto“makeperformancetoprocessesandproblemsvisible.”2.持续改进是我们的生存之道ContinuosImprovementisawayoflife3.建立发展一个部门区域间交互责任的体系Developingasystemofoverlappingresponsibilitiesbetweenfunctionalarea6目视管理VISIBLECONTROLDEFINITION目视管理就是信息展示，全面直观地、方便地能看见，以便对其做出反应，进行调整控制。Avisiblecontrolisdefinedasadisplayofinformationdevisedtobeinfullvieworreadilyseeninordertoallowreactionorregulationtothesourceorcauseofinformation.7基本准则EssentialCriteria使重要的信息以最快的速度方便地传递到决策和措施制定的地方Theyareusedtofacilitatethetransferofimportantinformationasquicklyaspossibleatthepointwheredecisionandactioncanbemade.1、简洁陈述Simplicityofpresentation2、可视测评Visibilityofmeasurements情况目视通报到每位员工situationarevisibletoeveryone目标和责任目视通报到每位员工goalandrulesarevisibletoeveryone8基本准则EssentialCriteria3、每位员工进行参与Everyone’sinvolvement4、基础信息数据的真实收集Undistortedcollectionofprimaryinformation5、重要数据的直接测评（至关重要的几个）Thestraightforwardmeasurementofwhat’simportant(TheVitalFew)6、对紧急情况有全面的了解掌握Achieveanoverallfeelofurgency7、针对变异有完善计划和受训练的反映Plannedanddisciplinedresponsetoabnormalities9行GO停STOP我该如何做？？WhatshouldIdo???10出口Exit96目视信息-不好VisibleInformation-BadExample11目视信息-好VisibleInformation-GoodExample.出口Exit9612共同负责SharedResponsibility工厂质量水平PlantLevel公司目标CompanyGoals:*世界级Worldclass*CPS*通告Informvisitors班组板块区Team’sTerritory班组目标GroupGoal:*用户/供应商customer/supplier*成本/质量/发运cost/quality/delivery*问题problem独立工作站IndividualWorkstation工序说明OperationSpecific:*工艺文件Processdoc.*标准工作图示Stdworkcharts*维护Maintenance*环境管理Housekeeping13工厂质量水平PlantLevel团队班组板块区Team’sTerritory用户Customer支持Support方法Methods规范Specification用户Customer工厂测评Plantmeasure过程测评Processmeasures供应商Supplier维护Maintenance安全Safety独立工作站IndividualWorkstation供应商Supplier计划Plans安全Safety14目视管理准则TheRuleofVisibleControls班组必须审核和认可目视管理Theteamhastoreviewandapproveanyvisiblecontrol“…提交目视管理文件进行公开评议—使员工获得认知，提供员工发表建设性意见的机会”“…submittingavisiblecontroldocumenttoaprocessofpublicscrutiny--resultinbetterownershipoftheknowledgeandopportunitiesforconstructivecriticism.”15公开式传达信息OpennessofCommunication问题状况的明确展示使每位员工知道目前过程的状态“Visibledisplayofproblemstatusletseveryoneknowthecurrentstatusoftheprocess.”度假,一周后返回OnvacationReturnin1week16生产计划展示例1HandoutSolutionforSituation1-ProductionScheduleforPlantB,Example#1设备7235Machine零件号P/N3071用户OMEGACustomer时间TimeDailyplan/CumDailyActual/CumDailyShortage备注CommentsMon.130/130129/1291夹具问题FixtureproblemTue.130/260125/2545设备问题MachinetroubleWed.130/390112/36618无材料NomaterialThu.130/520110/47620材料迟到MateriallateFri.130/65017生产计划展示例2HandoutSolutionforSituation1-ProductionScheduleforPlantB,Example#2P/N30713生产周PRODUCTIONWEEK200100200300400500600700MonShortTuesShortWedShortThurShortFri目标Goal实际Actual18人力计划举例HandoutSolutionforSituation1-WorkforcePlaningMayMTWRFMTWRFMTWRFMTWRFMTDaveJimLeslieCeliaRobertoPaulJohn出勤Present培训Training休假Holiday缺勤Absent月Month:5月May部门Dept:4321班组Team:11缺席人数Numberofpeopleabsence计划Planed非计划Unplaned7654321日期Date23456910111213161718192023242526273031A工厂PlantAB工厂PlantB19四种展示TheFourCategories目视生产控制VisibleProductionControl目视质量控制Visiblequalitycontrol过程指示Processindicators进程显示MakingProgressVisible改进Improvement：节拍cycletime实际Actual:3.5minreduction20生产管理ProductionControl(…过程状态一目了然understandingtheprocessataglance.)看板或拉料卡显示材料状态ChansonorPullCardsshowingmaterialstatus工作标准化Standardizedworkcharts瓶颈工序标识出Bottleneckoperationsidentified工序流程图Processflowcharts预先确定场所Predeterminedlocations整洁、工装和设备定置摆放clear,designatedtool&equipmentlocations21生产管理ProductionControl材料存储标识完善wellmarkedmaterialstorage材料过量堆积overflowareas警示灯显示问题或异常情况Andondisplaystoindicateproblemsorabnormalsituations生产量计数Productioncountstatus发交状况Deliverystatus料箱（架）限制零件装载量Containerslimitingtheamountofparts22料架满装指示举例ExampleofProductionControlInstructionsforfillingacontainer错误No正确Yes满装线Fillline23警示灯板Andon(alightingpanel)发生故障传送信息的装置Whichisan“informationtransferdevicefortroubleoccurrence”.同时可指示停止或故障解除警示Alsoreferencetoasstopalarms,uptimelights24生产管理警示板ProductionControlBoard-AndonBoard目标345Target实际345Actual时间损失8minLosstime最新消息：工作站3材料短缺，工作站6有质量问题Statusupdate:Station3hasamaterialshortage,Station6hasaqualityproblem6789101234525生产警示灯有如下表示：ExampleofProduction:AndonLights-红色Red:生产线停止LineStop-黄色Yellow:请求支持援助Workerhascalledforhelp-绿色Green:正常Normaloperation26警示灯有如下表示：Example:AndonLights-红色Red:设备故障Machinetrouble-白色White:生产终止endofproductionrun-绿色Green:材料短缺停产noworkshortageofmat.-兰色Blue:有问题defectiveun