基于供应链管理的VMI库存研究

上海交通大学硕士学位论文基于供应链管理的VMI库存研究姓名：颜琳申请学位级别：硕士专业：物流工程指导教师：张仁颐;赵国明20081001VMI,,,,,,(VMIvendormanagedinventory)VMIMVMI,MVMI,,SCM,VMIRESEARCHONVMIINVENTORYMANAGEMENTANDIT’SAPPLICATIONSABSTRACTWithrapiddevelopmentoftheworldeconomy,enterpriseswasfacingafiercecompetition,however,thecompetitionbecomesworsewiththelowmarginoftrading.Inordertocontrolcostsandenhancethecompetitiveness,enterprisesrecognizedtheimportanceofsupplychainmanagement,meanwhile,savingLogisticscostcostsbecomethethirdsourcesofprofits.However,howtoofferasatisfactiondistributiontotheenderuserwhilereducingtheunnecessaryinventorywasbecomingthecoreissue.Inventoryisaformofcorporateassets,thereisnolossifweonlyconsidertheinventoryfromthebalancesheet.Butfromtheperspectiveofsupplychainmanagement,inventorywillbringgreatlossestotheenterprises,storageforrawmaterialandfinalproductiontakeupalotofextrawarehousespacewhileoccupiedextramoneyandalsoresultingininefficientfundsflow.Inordertomanagetheincreasingbusinesscosts,itisreallyimportanttoapplythemethodof‘optimizationoflogistics,reducedinventory’whichcancontrolcostsandincreaseprofitabilitytothemanufacturingindustry.ThispaperfirstlyproposesanewmethodwhichcouldbeusedundertheSCMenvironment---theVendorManagedInventory(VMI),anddiscussesthedefinitionandcausesofVMIthroughanalyzingbothofthetraditionalinventorymanagementandtheinventorymanagementproblemundertheSCMenvironment.Additionally,analyzingboththeapplyingconditionoftheVMImodeandtheproblemexistedinMCompanyandpointsoutanimprovementdirectionforMCompanytocontrolitsinventory.Theresearchofthispaperhassomeconsultmeaningsinimprovingthevendormanagementinventoryofthemanufacturingindustryandenhancingtheircompetitiveness.KEYWORDS:inventorymanagement,bullwhipeffect,supplychainmanagement(SCM),vendor-managedinventory(VMI)VMI111.121[1]VMI2QRECR(VMI)1.21.2.1,VMIVMI20902080VMIVMIVMIVMI3Wal-MartKmartDillardDepartmentStoresJCPennyVMIVMIITVMI20003P&GVMI45%427%1%20013NECVMI90%200110VMI80%95%70%90%[2]VMIVMIVMIVMIVMIVMIVMIVMI2004VMI2VMIVMIVMIVMIVMIERPCRMVMIVMI4MM19861996BANQAUSISOEMMMMVMI1.2.2VMIVMIVMIVMIVMIMVMIMVMIVMI5MMVMIVMIVMI622.12.1.11)(Inventory)[3]()()2)[4]100%VMI72.1.21)(EOQ)[5]1.2..3.VMI82)[6]2.22.2.1:()IT:[7](SupplyChainManagementSCM)VMI92.2.2802.2.3[8]1)VMI102)3)4)2.2.4M:[9]:1)VMI112)3)VMI124)2.32.3.1(BullwhipEffect)[10]VMI1311Figure1BullwhipEffectHauLMe[11]1)VMI142)()3)4)50%50%VMI152.3.2:[12]::(1)VMI16(2);(3)[13]24Wal-Mart,IBM,HP,P&G(EOQ)(ROP)VMI17INTERNET,EDIVMI18VMI193VMI90(VendorManagedInventory,VMI)3.1VMI3.1.1VMIVMIVMI(QuickResponse,QR)VMI()VMI20VMIVMI(Fagel,1996)[14]VMIVMI():VMIVMI()VMIWal-Mart,KmartVMIVMIDELLVMIDELLDELLVMIDELLVMI21(P&G)VMI115875%VMI340%261454(50%)58(17%)3%(40%)3.1.2VMI(VMI)1)2)3)4)[15]APICS(Americanproductionandinventorycontrolsociety)[16]VMIVMI223.2VMI3.2.1VMI,2[17]2Figure2Supply-chainstructureofdecision-makingVMI23VMI(Wal-Mart)VMI(Crossdocking)VMIVMIVMIVMI243.2.2VMIVMI1.JIT(Justintime,JIT)JITVMI1)()(ZeroInventory)20(JIT)JTT[18]()VMIVMI()VMI25()()2)JITVMIJIT[19]JIT:=+(1998)JITJITJITJITJITJITJITJITJITJTTJITVMI26JIT60%60%JIT()JTTVMIJIT(pullsystem)VMIJITJIT()()()JITJITJITJITVMIVMIJIT(vendor-reduction)VMI27JTTJITJITVMI1.()2.()3.()()2.(QuickResponse,QR)QR2070()QRQRQRQREDI(POSPointofSaM)VMI28[20]1%QRQR78%20%-30%60%30%QRQRQREDIQR(CFPR)3.(EfficientCustomerResponse,ECR)ECR1992KurtSalmonECRECRVMI29[4]QRECRECRECRECRPOSEDI()[21]ECR92:ECR53%23%55%54%59131%ECR3.2.3VMIIDEDIPOSCRPCAO1)IDVMI30ID(EAN)(CUCC)ID[22]IDID()POSEDIVMIPOS2)POSPOSPOSPOS[23]POS:()VMI31POSPOS[24]3)EDI/InternetVMITT(EDI)(ISO)EDI[25]EDIEDIEDIX12EDIFACTEDIVMIEDI()4)(CRP)VMI32(CRP)[26]VMICRPPOSEDI5)(Computer-assistedOrdering,CAO)(CAO)[27]CAOEDICAOEDIVMI(MRP)(MRPII),(ERP)VMIVMIVMIMRPII,ERPVMIKARS+EDIVMIVMI333.3VMIVMIVMIVMIVMIVMIVMIVMIVMIVMI3.3.1VMI1)VMI2)VMI[28]3)4)VMI343.3.2VMI1)VMIVMIVMIVMIVMI[29]2)VMIVMIVMI3)VMIVMI[30]VMI4)VMI5)VMIVMIVMI6)VMIVMIVMIVMIVMIVMI35[31]VMI3644.1M19931996BANQAUSISOEM,MM4.2MMM1.M200632006MFigure3SupplychainofMcompanybeforeYear200631nn1BANQ12/VMI37BANQAUSUS2.MMM1QS2,34),,4.3MM200611WMS,M,M2008VMI,M,EDI,SAPVMI,,MVMI381.1):VMI2):,,VMIMVMIHUB2.1M2[32]M3MVMI4VMI4.3.1MVMIVMI391.VMIVMIMVMIVMIMVMI2.MEDI+SAPM,mySAPSCMSAPMEDI,MMM,4.4MVMI4.4.11)VMIVMI40WMS200711200711152)WMSABCMABCABCABCA1070B2020C7010ABCDAY[33]A70%B20%C10%MABCVMI41MABCM,1MABC1MABCATable1MCompany-ClassificationofABCMaterial(AMaterial)00**29365118607.82%7.82%0.07%00**34463921487.68%15.50%0.14%00**03226743083.21%18.71%0.21%00**28724829202.98%21.69%0.27%00**0102333060.522.80%24.49%0.34%00**0151847189.522.22%26.71%0.41%00**13816390351.97%28.68%0.48%00**20015294601.84%30.52%0.55%00**20010824301.30%31.82%0.62%00**17610567801.27%33.09%0.69%00**353924667.031.11%34.20%0.76%00**145898239.541.08%35.28%0.82%00**210830556.521.00%36.27%0.89%VMI4200**259788340.930.95%37.22%0.96%00**010742146.020.89%38.11%1.03%00**06D708425.630.85%38.96%1.10%81**046703298.40.84%39.81%1.17%00**1196884560.83%40.63%1.24%00**1586230520.75%41.38%1.31%AZ**064585891.140.70%42.09%1.37%00**005577721.280.69%42.78%1.44%00**162571606.980.69%43.47%1.51%00**0235436240.65%