连续性生产企业的备件库存优化研究

连续性生产企业的备件库存优化研究重庆大学硕士学位论文学生姓名：王学斌指导教师：陈晓慧教授专业：工业工程学科门类：工学重庆大学机械工程学院二O一三年六月ResearchonthesparepartsinventoryoptimizationofcontinuousmanufacturerAThesisSubmittedtoChongqingUniversityinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementfortheDegreeofMasterofEngineeringByWangXuebinSupervisedbyChenXiaohuiSpecialty：IndustryEngineeringCollegeofMechanicalEngineeringofChongqingUniversity，Chongqing，ChinaJune2013重庆大学硕士学位论文中文摘要I摘要维修备件是指生产企业为了缩短设备修理停歇时间，而实现提前采购并储备在仓库中用于更换的配件。生产企业在备件的日常管理中常常面临这样的两难问题：备件储备定额制定的过高，会造成库存积压，增加库房面积，增加保管费用，影响企业流动资金周转；储备过少，就会影响备件的及时供应，妨碍设备的修理进度，延长停歇时间，使企业的生产活动和经济效益遭受损失。备件管理的目标是在保证提供设备维修需要的备件，提高设备的使用可靠性和经济性的前提下，尽可能地降低备件库存资金。只有科学合理地储备与供应备件，才能使设备的维修任务完成得既经济又可靠。本文在分析和讨论备件的分类方法和供应链环境下库存管理模式的基础上，重点研究了基于模糊综合判别法的备件分类方法、慢速流动备件的订购决策分析模型、快速流动备件的库存控制策略等方面的内容，主要研究内容如下：首先，从备件的分类方法及特点出发，提出基于模糊综合评判的备件分类方法，把备件分为慢速流动备件和快速流动备件两大类，针对慢速和快速流动备件的特点分别提出有针对性的备件管理方式，使备件库存成本最小化。其次，针对快速流动备件的消耗特点，提出了JIT库存策略，并与带有价格折扣的EOQ采购模型进行比较，建立决策分析模型，对快速流动备件库存成本的经济效果进行分析，以实例说明该库存决策的优越性。最后，针对慢速流动备件的消耗特点，以备件可用度为约束条件，以单位时间内的期望库存成本最低为目标函数，通过分析设备的可靠性与订购决策的关系，建立基于设备可靠性的备件订购决策模型，通过实例分析说明这种备件订购决策的有效性和适用性；关键词：备件管理，库存策略，决策模型，模糊评价重庆大学硕士学位论文英文摘要IIABSTRACTMaintenancesparepartsreferstotheproductionenterprisesinordertoreducetherepairtime,andachieveadvanceprocurementandreservesinthewarehouseforreplacementparts.Productionenterprisesinthedailymanagementofsparepartsareoftenfacedwiththisdilemma:Iftherearetoomanysparepartsinthewarehouse,itwillcausethebacklogofinventory,increasethewarehousearea,enhancestoragecostsandaboveallaffectWorkingcapitalturnover;ifthequantityofthesparepartsarelow,itwillaffectthetimelysupplyofspareparts,preventequipmentrepairschedule,extendeddowntime,maketheenterpriseproductionactivitieslossofeconomicbenefits.Thegoalsparepartsmanagementistoensuretheprovisionofsparepartsrequiredbyequipmentmaintenance,improvethereliabilityandeconomyoftheequipment,asfaraspossibletoreducesparepartsinventorycapital.Onlyscientificandrationalstorageandsupplyofsparepartscanmaketheequipmentmaintenancetaskscompletedbotheconomicalandreliable.Basedontheanalysisanddiscussionoftheclassificationofsparepartsandtheinventorymanagementmodelundertheenvironmentofsupplychain,thisthesisfocusesonthesparepartsclassificationmethodbasedonfuzzycomprehensiveassessmentmethod,theorderingdecisionanalysismodeloftheslowmovingspareparts,andtheinventorycontrolstrategiesofthefastmovingsparepartsandotheraspects,themaincontentsareasfollows:Firstofall,startingfromtheclassificationmethodandcharacteristicsofspareparts,putforwardtheclassificationmethodofsparepartsbasedonfuzzycomprehensiveevaluation,thesparepartscanbedividedintotheslowmovingandfastmovingoftwocategories,accordingtothecharacteristicsofslowandfastmovingofspareparts,respectivelyputsforwardtargetedwayofsparepartsmanagement,andminimizethecostofsparepartsinventory.Secondly,accordingtothecharacteristicsoffastmovingsparepartsconsumption,putforwardJITinventorystrategy,andcomparedwithEOQpurchasingmodelwithpricediscount,setupdecisionanalysismodel,analyzetheinventoryeconomiceffectofthefastmovingspareparts,forexampleisgiventoillustratethesuperiorityoftheinventorymodel.Finally,accordingtotheconsumptioncharacteristicsofslowmovingspareparts,forspecifiedsparepartsavailabilityconstraints,establishtheobjectivefunctionofa重庆大学硕士学位论文英文摘要IIIminimumunittimeinventorycost,throughanalyzingtherelationshipbetweenthereliabilityofequipmentandorderingdecision,andestablishtheorderingdecisionmodelofsparepartstoillustrateitsvalidityandapplicabilitythroughtheexampleanalysis.Keywords:sparepartsmanagement;inventorystrategy;decision-makingmodel;Fuzzyevaluation重庆大学硕士学位论文目录IV目录中文摘要..........................................................................................................................................I英文摘要........................................................................................................................................II1绪论.........................................................................................................................................11.1研究背景...............................................................................................................................11.2研究目的和意义...................................................................................................................31.3国内外研究现状...................................................................................................................31.4主要研究内容.......................................................................................................................82备件管理的相关理论及方法.......................................................................................102.1备件及备件管理的定义.....................................................................................................102.1.1备件的定义..............................................................................................................102.1.2备件管理的定义......................................................................................................102.2备件分类方法及特征...........................