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GUIDEFORCONTAINEREQUIPMENTINSPECTIONFifthEdition(IICL-5)SECTION1INTRODUCTION1.1TheNeedInspectionThepurposeofafreightcontaineristocarrycargosafelyandefficiently.Acontainermustbeseaworthyandbeabletowithstandtherigorsofroadandrailmovementanddepotandterminalhandlinginwidelyvaryingtemperatureandclimaticconditions.Thecontainerisamodularelementofanentiresystemoffreightmovement.Preservationofitsdimensionswithinrecommendedtolerancesandofitsstructuralintegrityiscrucialtotheabilityofthesystemtooperate.Whilecontainerarebuiltofdurablematerials,theyarenotinvulnerabletodamageorthedeterioratingeffectoftheelements.Inspectionsofcontainersaremadeinordertorevealconditionsthatmaybeunsafeorwhichmayreducetheusefulnessorlifeofthecontainer.Suchconditionsmustberepaired.Itisinlong=terminterestofallpartiestoensurethatproperinspectionsarecarriedoutandthatappropriaterepaireofacceptablequalityaremade.1.2PurposeofGuideTheGuideforContainerEquipmentInspectionisthemostcomprehensiveandbroadlycirculatedrefenceavailabletodeterminewhethercontainersneedrepair.Inspectionisparticularlyimportantwhencontainersareinterchangedfromonecompanytoabother,asforexamplefromlessortolesseeorfromlesseetolessor.Atinterchange,itmustbedeterminedbyinspectionwhatconditions,ifany,needtoberepaired,sothatcontainersmaybedeliveredtooperatorsinsafeandserviceablecondition.Inthecaseofleasedcontainers,theGuideshouldbeuseinconjunctionwithanowner-集装箱设备检验指南（IICL第5版）第一章简介1.1检验的需要使用集装箱的目的就是要安全、高效地运载货物。集装箱必须适应于航海，且能经得住在各种多变的气温、气候条件下进行公路铁路运输及货运站、码头装卸等恶劣条件的考验。在整个货运体系中，集装箱是一个模式化元素。将箱体各尺寸保持在所推荐的公差范围内，并确保其结构的完整，这对整个体系的正常运转具有非常重要的意义。尽管集装箱是用各种耐用材料制成的，但它们仍不可避免地会损坏，元件也会老化。对集装箱进行检验，就是为了找出不安全或降低集装箱使用性能或寿命的各种迹象，一旦发现这类迹象，就必须进行修理。确保进行适当的检验，并且获得合格的修理质量，这将直接关系到有关各方面的长期利益。1.2指南的目的本《集装箱设备检验指南》是一本关于集装箱是否需要修理方面的内容昀全面、流传范围昀广的参考书。当集装箱在两家公司之间被交接时（如租箱公司和集装箱用户之间的相互交换），检验显得尤为重要。必须经过检验来确定交接时哪些缺陷需要修理，使集装箱在安全可用的状态下被送交用户。租用集装箱时。本指南应与箱主认可的设备交接单、进货收据或相应的电子资料合并使用，使检验工作文件化（见1.4节）。至于损坏和修理的责任，应在掌握确凿资料的基础上进行划分，本指南所推荐的内容和术语定义适用于租箱交接时的检验，也适用于归还交接时的检验。ApprovedEquipmentInterchangeReceipt(EIR),gatereceiptorcorrespondingelectronicmessagetodocumenttheinxpection(seeSection1.4).Anyallocationofresponsibilityfordamageandrepairshouldbedonepromptlyonthebasisofaccurateinformation.Therecommendationsanddefinitionsoftermsmustbeappliedconsistently,bothaton–hireandoff–hireinterchanges.AnadditionalpurposeofthisGuideistoassistincompliancewiththeInternationalConventionforSafeContainers(CSC).UndertheCSC,theqwner,orbyagreement,helesseeorbaileeisresponsiblefortheexaminationofthecontainer.InspectionscarefullyconductedinaccordancewiththeGuideshouldassistinrevealingdefectswhichcouldplaceanypersonindanger,andsuchinspectionsshouldthereforeassistincomplyingwiththeCSC.Theinspectionsmaybeperformedas“ThoroughExaminations”inconnectionwithamajorrepair,refurbishmentoron=hire/off=hireinterchange.Theowner’sgovernmentwillissuedierectivesforimplementationoftheCSC,includingthoseinvolvingperiodicexaminationsandApprovedContinuousExaminationPrograms(ACEP)InspectionaccordingtotheGuidewillfacilitatethesegregationofcontainersrequiringrepairfromthosewhichdonot.ThisGuidedosenot,,however,explainhowtorepaircontainers.ReferenceshouldbemadetothelatesteditionofIICL’srepairmanualsortoqwner’sinstructionsforrepairprocedures.RelevantIICLpublicationsinclude:RepairManualforSteelFreightContainersandtheGeneralGuideforContainerCleaning(preparedjointlybyIICLandICS).1.3RoleoftheIinspectorTheinspectoristhemostimportantjudgeofcontainercondition.Onallinboundcontainers,itistheinspector’sresponsibilitytoensure本指南的另一目的是对符合《国际集装箱安全公约》（CSC）的规定要求起一些帮助作用。根据CSC公约，集装箱的检验由箱主负责，但如有协议规定，也可由承租人或委托代表担负这一责任。按照本指南要求进行仔细的检验，将有助于找出那些可能对人体造成危害的缺陷。因此，这样的检验满足CSC公约是具有帮助意义的。所进行的检验可以是一次“彻底的检查”，然后进行一次大修、整新或租箱/归还的交接。箱主的管理机构将签发指令贯彻CSC公约，包括进行定期检验以及经认可的连续检验程序（ACEP）方面的指令。按本指南进行检验，将有助于区分集装箱上需要修理或不必要修理的各种状态，但本指南对修理集装箱的方法不作任何介绍。这方面的内容应参照IICL的修箱指南的昀新版本或箱主对修箱程序的指令。与此有关的IICL出版物包括：《钢制货运集装箱修理指南》、《集装箱清洗的一般指南》（由IICL和ICS联合编制）1.3验箱员的作用验箱员是对集装箱所处状态的昀重要的评判员。他们的职责是要保证发现所有运抵集装箱中损坏并需要修理的缺陷，再一一标thatanyreairworthydamageisfoundanddesignatedforrepairandthattheappropriateextentandmethodofrepairisindicatedtocorrectthedamage.Theinspectorshouldidentifywearanddeteriorationconditions(hereafter,“wear”),sothattimelyrepairscanbemadewhichmaximizetheusefullifeofthecontainer.Theinspectorshouldalsoexaminealloutboundcontainersinordertoensurethatequipmentreleasehasbeencompletelyandcorrectlyrepairedandthatnorepairworthydamageorwearremains.Containersinserviceshouldbeexaminedtoensurethattheycontinuetobesafeandserviceable.1.4DocumentationRequirementsAsnotedinSection1.2,damageandwearforwhichrepairsareneededshouldberecorded,inthecaseofleasedcontainers,ontheowner’sapprovedformoronanEquipmentInterchangeReceipt(EIR).Anelectronic(computerized)reportmaybeusedtosupplementorsubstituteforpaperforms,ifallpartiestothetransactionagree.AnEIRorelectronicreportatteststothesatisfactorycompletionofaninterchange.Theformofthedocumentmayvaryaccordingtotherequirementsofthecontainerowner.StatementsinanEIRorelectronicreportregardingrepairsrequiredduetodamagearekeyelementsinestab