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(400038),,,1,,,,,,,,,,[13],,[47],2,211,,,,[8],1s,,,30min,,1h,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,212,,,,,[9][10]ABC,,,,,[11]0011999222©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(90225kgö6145cm2),,,,,,[4,6,7,12]3,,,,[13]:(1)[14,15]:,,,,,,,,[16][14](2):,,,;,[17](3):[6,18,19],,[6,7,20],,,[21]4411,,,,,,,,,,[21][5],2,,,,,,,,,,1011999222©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[4,5,22],,,,,,,,,,,5,,,,,,511,,,,,,,,,,,,[4,5,22],,512,,NO,NO,IL21,IL21,,[23,24]IL21,[25,27],IL21IL26TNF,[28,29],,,[20],,,,,513,,,[8],,,DNA,,,,[30]OAÊIgGIgMIgA2011999222©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[31],,,,,1BuckwalterJA,MankinHJ.Articularcartilage.PartÊ:degenerationandosteroarthrosis,repair,ergenration,andtransplantion.JBoneJointSurg(Am),1997,79(4):612632.2BeiserIH,KanatID.Subchondralbonedrillin2g:atreatmentforcartilagedefects.JFootSurg,1990,29(6):596601.3VachonAM,McllwraithCW,TrotterGWetal.Morphologicstudyofrepairofinducedosteochondraldefectofthedistalportionoftheradialcarpalboneinhorsbyuseofgluedperiostealautografts.AmJVetRes,1991,52(2):317327.4MankinHJ,BrandtKD,ShulmanLE.Workshiponetiopathogenesisofosteoarthritis:proccedingandrecommendations.JRheumanol,1986,13:11301160.5,,..,1995,33(10):597600.6NajimaH,OberlinC,AlnotJYetal.Anatomi2calandbiomechanicalstudiesofthepathogenesisontrapeziometacarpaldegenerativearthritis.JHandSurgBr,1997,22(2):183188.7SahRL,YangAS,ChenACetal.Physicalpropertiesofrabbitarticularcartilageaftertransectionoftheanteriorcrtuciateligament.JOrthopRes,1997,15(2):197203.8,,..,1995,12(3):144146.9GuilakF,RatchiffeA,LaaneNetal.Mechanicalandbiochemicalchangesinthesuperficialzoneofarticularcartilageincanineexperimentalosteoarthrosis.JOrthopRes,1994,12:474484.10..,1986,1(1):912.11KempsonGE,MuirH,PollardCetal.Thete2nsilepropertiesofthecartilageofhumanfemoralcandylesrelatedtothecontentofcollagenandglycosaminoglycan.BiochimBiophysActa,1973,297472.12VeltriDM,WarrenRF,WickiewiczTLetal.Cu2rrentstatusofallograftmeniscaltransplantation.ClinOrthop,1994,303:4455.13KivirantaI,TammiM,JruvelinJetal.Articularcartilagethinknessandglycosaminoglcandistributioninthecaninekneejointafterstrenuousrunningexercise.ClinOrthop,1991,283:302308.14BuckwalterJA,LaneNE.Aging,sportsandosteoarthritis.SportsMedandArthroseRev,1996,4:276287.15RadinEL,MartinRB,BurrDBetal.Effectsofmechanicalloadingonthetissuesoftherabbitknee.JOrthopRes,1984,2:221234.16,..,1992,7(1):1013.17..,1988,7(3):129133.18,..,1991,11(4):303305.19MyersER,HardinghamTE,BillinghamMEJetal.Changesinthetensilestrengthandcompressivepropertiesofarticularcartilageinacanninemodelofosteoarthritis.TransOrthopResSoc,1986,11:231240.20LazovicD,WirthCJ,KnosclTetal.Meniscusreplancementusingincongruenttransplantsanexperimentalstudy.ZOrthopIhreGrenzgeb,1997,135(2):131137.3011999222©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(1):2740.22BoraFWJr,MillerG.Jointphysiology,carti2lagemetablism,andtheetiologyofosteoarthritis.HandClin,1987,3(3):325336.23AminAR,DiCesarePE,VyasPetal.Theexpressionandregulationofnitricoxxidesynthaseinhumanosteoarthritis2affcetedchondrocytes.Evidenceforup2regulatedneuronalnitricoxidesynthase.JExperMed,1995,182:20972102.24BlancoFJ,OchsRL,SchwarzHetal.Chondr2ocyteapoptosisinducebynitricoxide.AmJPathol,1995,146:7585.25ChevaliexX.Fibronectin,cartilage,andosteoa2rthritis.SemArthritRheumat,1993,22:318.26HomandbergGA,MeyersR,WilliamsJM.Int2raarticularinjectionoffibronectionfragmentscauseseverdepletionofcartilageproteoglycansinvivo.JRheumatol,1993,20:13781382.27XieDL,MeyersR,HomandbergGA.Fibronec2tionfragmentsinosteoarthritissynovialfluid.JRheumatol,1992,19:14481452.28DingleJT,HomerA,ShieldM.ThesensitivityofsynthesisofhumancartilagematrtixtoinhibitionbyIL-1suggestsamechanismforthedevelopmentofosteoarthritis.CellBiochemFunct,1991,9(1):99102.29VennJ,NietfeldJ,DuitsAJetal.Elevateds2ynovialfluidlevelsofIL-6andTNFassociatedwithearlyexperimentalcanineosteoarthritis.ArthritisRheum,1993,36:819826.30DonohueJM,BussD,OegemaTRetal.Theeffectsofindirectblunttraumaonadultcaninearticulecartilage.JBoneJointSurg(Am),1983,65(7):948957.31CookeTD.Pathogeneticmechanismsinpolya2rticularosteoarthritis.ClinRheumDis,1985,11(2):203238.(:19981007)(200433),,1,,()4011999222©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.