石油钻井设备与工具-王镇全第六节其它类型钻头

第四节其它类型钻头一、刮刀钻头2、取芯钻头三、扩眼钻头1、常规扩眼2、局部扩眼种类及特点：双心钻头（PDC钻头、牙轮钻头）特点：边钻边扩，转弯半径小。但井眼轨迹及扩眼直径较难控制，适合在没有先导眼的情况下或侧钻井中使用。领眼钻头+双心扩眼接头扩眼器特点：可较好的保证扩眼直径和控制井眼轨迹。但转弯半径较大，在定向井中受到一定限制1）双心扩眼钻头扩眼直径待扩井眼领眼钻头直径双心钻头工作原理2）水力胀开式扩眼器种类及特点：领眼钻头+水力控制扩眼接头特点：扩眼直径大，但由于水力控制，井眼直径较难控制。可膨胀钻头特点：新型扩眼钻头，克服了以上扩眼钻头的缺点，但加工制造有难度水力胀开式扩眼器可变径扩眼钻头(ExpandableBit)Open/CloseFunctionTestClosed(LowPressure)Open(FullPumpPressure)SeaLevel8000ftWater2000ftFormationDeepWaterDrill-InCasingSeaLevel8000ftWater2000ftFormationDeepWaterDrill-InCasingSeaLevel8000ftWater2000ftFormationDeepWaterDrill-InCasingSeaLevel8000ftWater2000ftFormationDeepWaterDrill-InCasingSeaLevel8000ftWater2000ftFormationDeepWaterDrill-InCasingSeaLevel8000ftWater2000ftFormationDeepWaterDrill-InCasingSeaLevel8000ftWater2000ftFormationDeepWaterDrill-InCasingSeaLevel8000ftWater2000ftFormationDeepWaterDrill-InCasingSeaLevel8000ftWater2000ftFormationDeepWaterDrill-InCasingDeepWaterDrill-InCasingSeaLevel8000ftWater2000ftFormation超高压喷射钻头超高压喷射钻头PDC钻头基本结构超高压喷嘴常规固定喷嘴常规可换喷嘴