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第1页共93页GenericReliabilityAssuranceRequirementsforOptoelectronicDevicesUsedinTelecommunicationsEquipment1Introduction1.1ScopeandPurposeThisGenericRequirementsdocument(GR)presentstheTelcordiaviewofproposedgenericreliabilityassurancepracticesformostoptoelectronicdevicesusedintelecommunicationsequipmentsuchasasynchronousandsynchronousfiberopticTerminalandAdd-DropMultiplexers(TMsandADMS),DigitalCross-connectSystems,opticalamplifiers,UniversalorIntegratedDigitalLoopCarriersystems,andFiber-In-The-Loop(FITL)systems.1Thedevicescoveredinthisdocumentincludeactivedevicessuchaslasers(LaserDiodesandLaserModules),LightEmittingDiodes(LEDsandLEDModules),photodetectors(PhotodiodesandDetectororReceiverModules),andElectro-Absorption(EA)2andExternalModulatorsthathaveexpectedoperationallivesontheorderof20years,regardlessofpackagestyleorlevelofintegration.Thedocumentisnotspecificallyintendedtocoveroptoelectronicdevicesusedinshort-lifeequipment,suchastheequipmentdeployedinLocalAreaNetwork(LAN)orMetropolitanAreaNetwork(MAN)applications.Instead,GR-3013-CORE,GenericReliabilityAssuranceRequirementsforOptoelectronicDevicesUsedInShort-Life,Information-HandlingProductsandEquipment,isintendedtobetheapplicabledocumentforthosedevices.Ontheotherhand,itshouldbenotedthatGR-3013-CORE,Issue1,whichwasavailableatthetimethatthisdocumentwasbeingprepared,wasverysimilartoGR-468-CORE,Issue1.Ingeneral,itisexpectedthatifGR-3013-COREisreissued,thechangeswillbesimilartothosemadeinthisdocument.Therefore,partiesthatareinterestedinreliabilityassuranceforshort-lifeoptoelectronicdevicesmaywishtousethisdocumentasabaseline,insteadofGR-3013-CORE,withmodificationsasappropriatebasedontheshorterproductlifetime(e.g.,shortertestperiodsformostoftheenvironmentalstresstests)andthelowerassumedqualitylevelofthedevices(e.g.,norequirementstoperformperiodicrequalificationor100%screeningofQualityLevelIIdevices).ThisGRisdirectedtowardthedesign,engineering,manufacturingandreliability/qualityorganizationsofbothequipmentmanufacturersandoptoelectronicdevicesuppliers.Itisintendedtohelpensurethereliableoperationofoptoelectronicdevicesincommunicationsequipmentthatusesfiberoptictechnologiesanddevices,andthushelpminimizethelife-cyclecostformanufacturers,serviceprovidersandend-customers.Byidentifyingasetofminimumreliabilityassurancepracticesthatbalanceconfidenceincomponentreliabilitywithcomponentcost,thesuppliers,manufacturers,servicesproviders,andend-userscanallbenefit.Thecriteriaherearenotmeanttodefineaspecificdesignortoresultinapreferredwayofaccomplishingthedesign.Bytakingintoaccounttheneedtomeettheseminimumcriteria,theUnRegistered第2页共93页intentisthatreliabilitycanbebuiltintotheproductdesignratherthanpursuedthroughexpensiveinspectionandtestinginmanufacture.Note:1.Onespecificexceptionisthecaseofalaserwithanoutputopticalpowerlevelthatishighenoughtocausesignificantstressonboththelaserpackageandothercomponentstowhichitisattached.Suchveryhighpowerlaserswerebeingconsideredforuseinthenetworkatthetimethatthisdocumentwasbeingprepared,anditisrecognizedthatthecriteriacontainedinthisdocumentmaynotbesufficient(forreliabilityassurancepurposes)fordevicesthatincludesuchlasers.2.Notethatinpreviousissuesofthisdocument,“EAModulators”werereferredtoas“integratedmodulators.”Thereasonforthiswasthatthedeviceinquestion(thedevicethatmodulatestheopticalsignal)istypicallyfabricatedontothesamesubstrateasthelaserdiodethatgeneratesthatsignal(i.e.,thetwodiode-leveldevicescanbeconsideredintegratedatthatlevel).However,thatuseof“integrated”wasinconsistentwithhowthewordwasusedintherestofIssue1(andthereforecausedsignificantconfusion),andisalsoinconsistentwithhowitisusedinthisdocument(i.e.,torefertocomplexassembliesthatincludeoneormoreoptoelectronicmodulesandadditionalelectroniccircuitry,seeSection1.5.1).Therefore,“EAModulators”isusedthroughoutthisissue.1.2ReliabilityAssurance-OverviewandPhilosophyUnlikemostfunctionalorperformancegenericrequirements,manyreliabilityassurancecriteriadonotdealwithstraight-forward“yesorno”issues.Thatis,therecouldbemanywaysofachievingthesameendgoalofreliableoptoelectronicdevicesforuseinapublictelecommunicationsnetwork.Thefollowingsectionsfirstdescribethetenetsofacomprehensivereliabilityassuranceprogram,andthendiscussthephilosophybehindtheapproachtakeninthisGR.1.2.1OverviewofReliabilityAssuranceThebasicreliabilityofoptoelectronicsystemscanbenobetterthanthereliabilityofthecomponentscontainedintheequipment.Moreover,inmanycasesitisimpossibletothoroughlytesttheperformanceandreliabilityofacomponentonceitisincorporatedintoahigherlevelofassembly.Itthusbecomesnecessaryfordevicesuppliersandequipmentmanufacturerstosetupprogramsatthecomponentleveltohelpensurethenecessarylevelofsystemreliability.Themajorelementsofacomprehensivereliabilityassuranceprogramare:•Supplierapproval•Devicequalification•Lot-to-lotqualityandreliabilitycontrols•Feedbackandcorrectiveaction•Storageandhandlingprocedures•Documentation.Thus,inagoodreliabilityassuranceprogramthedevicesareinitiallyqualified,arepurchasedonlyfromapprovedsupplie