机械毕业设计

中北大学分校毕业设计隔环的挤压工艺分析及模具设计摘要：隔环是一种常见的机械零件，广泛用于阀门、泵、变速箱、汽车、拖拉机上起到密封、防漏、垫片的作用。它是一个圆形的普通零件，其尺寸精度根据其不同的用途而有很大的差异。本设计通过对工件挤压工艺进行分析，拟采用落料—表面润滑处理—冷挤压—冲去连皮的工序，以保证工件成形后的使用要求。其中，冷挤压工序是该零件成型过程中的关键，它需要精确计算挤压力，还要考虑金属的塑性及流动性对挤压成型的影响。在设计中，对各工艺过程中的工艺力及其它相关参数进行了计算，设计了各工序的模具，并绘制了各工序的模具图和装配图。关键词：隔环，冷挤压，表面润滑处理，冲压，装配图TheextrusionprocessanalysisandmolddesignoftheSeptumringAbstract：Septumringisakindofcommonmechanicalparts,widelyusedinvalve,pump,gear-box,carandtractortoactasairtight,anti-leak,andsealinggasket.Septumringisacommonroundparts,it‘sdimensionalaccuracyaccordingtoitsdifferentpurposesandthereisabigdifference.Byanalysingtheextrusiontechnologyofthisworkpiecewedecidedadoptthefollowingprocesstofinishthisdesign.Webeginwithblanking,thensurfacelubricatetreatment,coldextrusionandfinallyrushedtheskintoensuretheseptumringwemadefulfilltherequestofouruser.amongalltheprocesscoldextrusionisthemostimportantone.wenotonlyneedtocalculatethepreciseextrudingforceofthisprocess,butalsoneedtoconsidertheinfluenceofthemetal’splasticityandfluiditywhenextruding.Inthedesignofeachprocess,thetechnologyforceandotherrelatedparametersarecalculated.inthemeantime,Ihavefinishedthemold-design,partsdrawingsandassemblydrawingsofeveryprocess.Keywords:septumring,coldextrusion,surfacelubricatetratement,stamping,assemblydrawings.中北大学分校毕业设计I目录1前言.....................................................................................................................................11.1挤压的概述、分类、特点及运用范围......................................................................11.1.1挤压的定义:...........................................................................................................11.1.2挤压的基本方法....................................................................................................11.1.3挤压的分类............................................................................................................11.1.4冷挤压加工的特点及运用范围............................................................................21.2挤压技术的历史与发展..............................................................................................21.3我国挤压技术的发展情况..........................................................................................32冷挤压工件的工艺分析.....................................................................................................42.1材料性能......................................................................................................................42.2零件挤压的工艺分析..................................................................................................42.2.1零件的尺寸及公差................................................................................................42.2.2零件挤压成型的设计难点....................................................................................52.3工艺方案的确定..........................................................................................................53.3.1相对变性程度的计算.......................................................................................53主要的工艺参数计算及工序的确定.................................................................................73.1坯料的原始尺寸及重量的确定..................................................................................73.2毛坯的制备..................................................................................................................83.2.1下料........................................................................................................................83.3表面润滑处理..............................................................................................................83.4挤压力的计算..............................................................................................................93.4.1用公式计算法进行冷挤压力的计算....................................................................93.4.2用图算法进行挤压力的计算..............................................................................103.5冷挤压设备的选择....................................................................................................103.5.1冷挤压对设备的要求..........................................................................................103.5.2确定压力机的类型及型号..................................................................................113.5.3做功校核..............................................................................................................114冷挤压模具的设计...........................................................................................................124.1.1正挤压凸模的设计..............................................................................................124.1.2顶出杆的设计......................................................................................................144.1.3正挤压凹模的设计..............................................................................................15中北大学分校毕业设计II4.1.4组合凹模的压合工艺..........................................................................................184.2导向装置的设计........................................................................................................184.3压力垫板的设计......................