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沈阳航空航天大学北方科技学院毕业设计（论文）I摘要随着社会的不断发展，市场竞争越来越激烈，因此各个生产企业都迫切地需要改进生产技术。在需要进行产品分拣的企业，以往一直采用人工分拣的方法，效率低下致使企业的竞争能力差。针对上述问题，利用PLC技术设计了自动分拣装置，在产品分拣过程中取得较好的控制效果。本设计应用PLC实现具有传输、分类、入库保管功能自动分拣系统的自动控制系统并应组态做上位机监控，机械结构采用传送带、气缸等机械部件；电气控制采用传感器、编码器、开关电源、换向阀等电子部件；可编程控制器采用目前比较流行的西门子PLC。软件部分采用组态王监控整个分拣过程的运行，系统采用台式结构，选用颜色识别、电容式和电感式三种传感器，同时，还设置了气动装置的减压器、滤气器、气压指示等，可与各类气源相连接。本设计是将PLC技术，位置控制技术、气动技术、组态通讯监控技术有机结合成一体的自动输送分拣系统，具有响应速度快，准确率高、性能可靠等优点。关键词：PLC；传感器；编码器；自动分拣系统；上位机监控沈阳航空航天大学北方科技学院毕业设计（论文）IIAbstractWiththecontinuousdevelopmentofsociety,thecompetitionisfierceinthemarket,Thereforeproductionenterprisesareurgentlyneededtoimproveproductiontechnologyespeciallyintheenterpriseproductssorting,hasbeenusinganartificialofsortingmethodbeforecausethecompetitiveoftheenterpriseispoor.Theresponsetotheseproblems,tousePLCtechnologydesignofautomaticsortingequipment,obtainsgoodcontroleffectintheprocessofproductsorting.ThedesignappliesPLCtoachieveautomationcontrolAutomaticSortingSystemwhichhavefunctionsoftransfers、classifyandstorage,themechanicalstructureadoptsmechanicalassemblyasconveyorbelt、cylinder.Theelectriccontroladoptselectronicassemblyassensor、coder、switchingpowersupply、reversingvalveandsoon;ProgrammablelogiccontrolleradoptsthemorepopularPLCofSiemenscurrently.Thesystemadoptsdesktopstructure,choosecolorrecognitionsensor、capacitiveproximityswitchandinductiveproximityswitch,atthesametime,alsocollocatespneumaticreductor、airfilterdevice、displayofairpressureandsoon,canconnectwithdifferentgassource.ThisdesignistheautomaticSortingSystemwhichcoverthetechnologyofPLC、thetechnologyofcontrolposition、thetechnologyofpneumaticandorganicallycombinedthemintoone.Itpossessesalotofadvantagesasfastresponsespeed,accuratenessandreliabilityandsoforth.Keywords：PLC;sensor;coder;AutomaticSortingSystem;PCmonitor沈阳航空航天大学北方科技学院毕业设计（论文）III目录1绪论.......................................................................................................................................................11.1本课题研究的内容......................................................................................................................11.2课题研究的目的及意义..............................................................................................................11.3国内外相关技术现状及发展趋势..............................................................................................11.3.1国外有关研究的综述.......................................................................................................11.3.2国内有关研究的综述.......................................................................................................21.4可行性分析.................................................................................................................................32总体设计...............................................................................................................................................42.1方案论证.....................................................................................................................................42.1.1系统硬件选择...................................................................................................................42.1.2上位机监控软件选择.......................................................................................................52.2设计思想.....................................................................................................................................52.3总体设计.....................................................................................................................................73系统的硬件设计...................................................................................................................................83.1系统硬件选型设计......................................................................................................................83.1.1编码器的选型设计...........................................................................................................83.1.2可编程控制器的选型设计...............................................................................................93.1.3空气压缩机的选型设计.................................................................................................103.1.4换向阀的选型设计.........................................................................................................113.1.5电动机的选型设计.........................................................................................................113.1.6稳压电源的选型设计.....................................................................................................123.1.7传感器的选型设计.........................................................................................................133.2可编程控制器外部连接图........................................................................................................164系统的软件设计.................................................................................................................................174.1PLC软件设计.........................................................................................................................