必修5-unit1-using-language

UsingLanguage-•Reading&WritingWarmingup1.Doyouknowwhatisthecenterofthesolarsystem?2.Canyounamethenineplanetsinthesolarsystem?sunMercuryMarsVenusEarthJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePlutoNinePlanetsIntheSolarSystemMercury['mə:kjuri]水星Venus['vinəs]金星Earth地球Mars[mɑrz]火星Jupiter['dʒupətɚ]木星Saturn['sætɚn]土星Uranus[juərənəs]天王星Neptune['neptju:n]海王星Pluto['pluto]冥王星NinePlanetsIntheSolarSystem:Copernicus’RevolutionaryTheoryNicolausCopernicusborn:inPolandin1473died:May24,1543Hewasoneofthefirstscientiststousemathematicalobservationstocollectinformation.Hebelievedthesunisthecenteroftheuniverseandtheearthandotherplanetswentaroundit.Fastreading1.WhatdidCopernicusthinkwasthecenterofthesolarsystem?2.WhendidCopernicuspublishhistheory?Skimthetextanddrawthetwotheoriesoftheuniversewiththefollowingpictures.SunearthBeforeCopernicus’theoryShowingCopernicus’theorySunearthBeforeCopernicus’theoryShowingCopernicus’theorySunearthearthSunShowingCopernicus’theoryAdiagramshowingthesolarsystemwiththeearthatitscentreAdiagramshowingthesolarsystemwiththesunatitscentreBeforeCopernicus’theory1.AtCopernicus’time,ChristianChurchwasinchargeofmanywesterncountries.2.Copernicusnoticedthatobservedfromtheearth,someplanetsappearinfrontoforbehindtheearth.3.Copernicusdidn’tshowhisnewtheorytohisfriendsuntilhecompletedit.TFTTrueorFalse?4.Hisfriendswerenotinterestedinhisideas.5.SincehewasnotafraidofbeingattackedbytheChurch,Copernicuspublishedhisbookassoonashefinishedworkingonit.6.Newton,Einstein,andHawkingareallscientistswhomadecontributiontothestudyoftheuniverse.FFTReadthetextcarefully,thenanswerthesequestions.BecausethepowerfulChristianChurchwouldhavepunishedhimforevensuggestingsuchanidea.2.Whatwashistheoryabout?(Para1)Allhismathematicalcalculationsledtothesameconclusion:thattheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.1.Whywouldhenottellabouthistheory?(Para1)3.Whathadtheastronomersnoticedinthesky?(Para2)Theyhadnoticedthatsomeplanetsintheskyseemedtostop,movebackwardandthengoforwardinaloop.Othersappearedbrighterattimesandlessbrightatothers.4.WhendidCopernicuscompletehistheory?(Para3)Between1510and1514heworkedonit,graduallyimprovinghistheoryuntilhefeltitwascomplete.5.Howdidheexplainchangesinthemovementoftheplanetsandinthebrightnessofthestars?Whendidhepublishhisidea?(Para4)Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.Healsosuggestedthattheearthwasspinningasitwentrounditandthisexplainchangesinthemovementoftheplanetsandinthebrightnessofthestars.Hepublisheditashelaydyingin1543.SummaryCopernicuswas_________becausehefoundtheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolar________,onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthe___________oftheotherplanetsinthesky___________.Hekeptimprovinghisnewtheoryuntilhefeltitwas__________in1514.Hesuggestedthattheearthwas_________asitwentroundthesun.confusedsystemmovementsmakesense.completedspinningHisfriendswere___________andencouragedhimtopublishhisideas,butCopernicuswas________hedidn’twanttobe_________byChristianChurch.Infact,hewasright.TheChurch_________histheory,sayingitwasagainstGod’sidea.enthusiasticcautiousattackedrejectedBrunowasbornfiveyearsafterCopernicusdied.HestucktotheSun-centeredTheory,whichwasagainsttheChurch’swill.In1600,hewasburnttodeath.◆Asascientist,oneshouldbebrave.ButCopernicuswasafraidofbeingattackedbytheChristianChurch.Sohehadhiddenhistheoryforsomanyyears.Whatdoyouthinkofthis?Agree:1.Hewascautious.Ifhehadpublishedhisideas,hewouldhavebeenkilledjustasBrunowhowasburnedtodeathbecausehistheorywasagainsttheChristianChurch.2.Everytimewhenanewideaappears,therearealwaysrejections.It’snormal.Scientistsshouldhavepatiencetospreadtheirtruth.3.Itmadenosenseforhimtopublishhistheoryinahurry.Hewasjustcautiousnotacoward.Heshouldprotecthimselffirst.Disagree:1.Copernicuswasverycoward.Heshouldspeakouthisdiscoveryandlettheworldknowthetruthearlier.2.Sciencecanneveradvanceunlesspeoplehavethecourageoftheirbeliefs.3.Asascientist,youmusthavethecouragetopublishyourfindings.Nomatterhowpeopleopposethem,timewillshowifyourideasareright.1.Althoughhehadtriedtoignorethem,allhismathematicalcalculationsledtothesameconclusion:thattheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.虽然他曾经试着不去理睬那些数字，然而他所有的数学计算都得出同样一个结论：地球不是太阳系的中心。LanguagePointsleadto引起;造成;导致Thiswillprobablyleadtotroubleinthefuture.Thisledtohisconclusionthatshewasguilty.Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleadtoillness.AllroadsleadtoRome.条条大道通罗马。Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto_______.A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaughtCleadto+n\doing2.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。“only+副词/介词短语/状语从句”位于句首,句子要倒装。=Themovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesenseonlyifyouputthesunthere.Onlyifyouridentityhasbeenchecked,_____.A.youareallowedinB.youwillbeallowedinC.willyouallowinD.willyoubeallowedinDOnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofknowledge.Onlyinthiswaycanweworkoutthemathsproblem.Onlywhen____thetruth,______torealizet